1,721,038 research outputs found
MANAGEMENT OF GYNAECOMASTIA IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTATE CANCER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
No full textPatients with prostate cancer are increasingly being offered treatment with non-steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy, which offers potential quality-of-life benefits compared with other treatment. Non-steroidal antiandrogens directly antagonise androgen action in breast tissue, and indirectly increase the oestrogen concentration. Thus, the most troublesome side-effects of monotherapy with these drugs are gynaecomastia and breast pain. Patients younger than 60 years of age, who might not have symptoms of prostate cancer, are probably more concerned about their body image and the development of enlarged breasts than are those older than 60 years. Clinicians who seek a treatment for prostate cancer need information on simple and well-tolerated options for the management of gynaecomastia and breast pain. In this review, management options for gynaecomastia caused by hormonal manipulation in patients with prostate cancer are discussed.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Prostate health index vs percent free prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer detection in men with "gray" prostate-specific antigen levels at first biopsy: systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textThe most promising approach to improve the specificity of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test relies on the measurement of different molecular isoforms of PSA in serum. Currently, in men with a total PSA (tPSA) level between 2 and 10 ng/mL, measurement of %fPSA (free to total PSA ratio x100) is used as reflex testing to better distinguish between malignant and benign prostate disease. Recently, Beckman Coulter developed the prostate health index (PHI) and several studies suggested that this test may improve the diagnostic ability of %fPSA. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the usefulness of PHI compared with %fPSA in the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) at first biopsy in men with tPSA "gray" levels of 2-10 ng/mL. Data on sensitivity and specificity were extracted from 8 eligible studies. Only observational studies comparing the diagnostic ability of PHI and %fPSA in tPSA range of 2-10 ng/mL were included. A total of 8 studies involving 2969 patients with a tPSA range of 20 ng/mL undergoing first biopsy were included in this meta-analysis. Biopsy-confirmed PCa was detected in 1287 (43.3%) men. Selected studies determined both PHI and %fPSA as a reflex test. The areas under curve (AUCs) of PHI and %fPSA were 0.74 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.70-0.77) and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.58-0.67), respectively. Meta-regression analysis confirmed the superiority of PHI which showed, compared with %fPSA, a relative diagnostic odds ratio of 2.81 (95% CI, 2.19-3.6; P < 0.0001). In conclusion, PHI instead of %fPSA as a reflex test in men with tPSA "gray" levels is a better predictor of positive first biopsy and can offer a reduction in unnecessary biopsies
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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