1,720,963 research outputs found
Impiego di biofertilizzanti e biofumiganti per il controllo del marciume radicale nel reimpianto del pesco
No full textPeach replanting is an important issue in Italian peach industry, characterized by a small average
holding size and consequently by the difficulty to make a correct crop rotation. Recently, root rot has become one of the most important replanting-related peach disease. The fungus involved
is Armillaria mellea, that occurs all over the world on a wide variety of forest and fruit trees in both hemispheres and in a range of climates. The fungus colonizes both living and dead tissue and can survive for decades in the soil. Possible biological tool to reduce the negative effect
of A. mellea is the root colonization by an effective competitor. Such competitors may be
found among species of Trichoderma, arbuscolar mycorrhizal fungi and actinomycetes, that are
used in commercial biofertilizers. Another biological way to reduce re-planting diseases is the
soil incorporation of plants with biocidal effect, that after their degradation produce chemical
compounds harmful for the peach pathogens (this technique is called biofumigation). Among
the species that have been studied, the most important are those belonging to the genus Brassica
for the high concentration of glucosinolates that can be converted in isothiocyanates. From the research carried out by the Department of Colture Arboree (University of Bologna) along with the
private advisory service of the Consorzio Agrario di Ravenna (Ravenna, Italy), although no direct
effect of biofertilizers and biocide plants on A. mellea was found, however the use of the commercial biofertilizers Remedier (a mix of Trichoderma spp.) and biocide extract of Brassica spp. (Biofence) has promoted peach growth and nutrient uptake (i. e. P), with the final results of
healthier trees
Use of Trichoderma spp. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to increase soil beneficial population of bacteria in a nectarine commercial orchard: effect on root growth, nutrient acquisition and replanting disease
No full textThe aim of the present experiment was to evaluate the effect of commercial Trichoderma and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-based bio-fertilizers on nectarine root growth, nutrient acquisition and replanting disease. The experiment
was performed from 2008 to 2012 in an A. mellea-infected nectarine orchard subjected to the following treatments: 1) untreated control; 2) AMF-biofertilizer applied at planting (120 kg ha-1) and every year in spring and autumn at the rate of 6 kgha-1;3)Trichoderma spp. applied at planting (5 g plant-1) and every year (in April, May and September) at 2.5 kg ha-1. AMF bio-fertilizers decreased root diameterand increased root survivorship. Leaf phosphorus concentration increased in AMF biofertilizers plots, while no significant treatments effects were observed on other leaf nutrient concentration. Although biofertilizer application did not affect soilmicrobial population, at the end of the trial (2012) the application of Trichoderma alone increased the population of the fungus
Risultati preliminari nel contenimento biologico del marciume radicale del pesco
No full textPeach replanting is an important issue in Italian peach industry, characterized by a small average holding size and consequently by the difficulty to make a correct crop rotation. Recently, root rot has become one of the most important replanting-related peach disease. The fungus involved is Armillaria mellea, that occurs all over the world on a wide variety of forest and fruit trees in both hemispheres and in a range of climates. The fungus colonizes both living and dead tissue and can survive for decades in the soil. Possible biological tool to reduce the negative effect of A. mellea is the root colonization by an effective competitor. Such competitors may be found among species of Trichoderma, arbuscolar mycorrhizal fungi and actinomycetes, that have used in commercial biofertilizers. Another biological way to reduce re-planting diseases is the soil incorporation of plants with biocidal effect, that after their degradation produce chemical compounds harmful for the peach pathogens (this technique is called biofumigation). Among the species that have been studied, the most important are those belonging to the genus Brassica for the high concentration of glucosinolates that can be converted in isothiocyanates. From the research carried out by the Department of Colture Arboree (University of Bologna) along with the private advisory service of the Consorzio Agrario di Ravenna (Ravenna, Italy), although no direct effect of biofertilizers and biocide plants on A. mellea was found, however the use of the commercial biofertilizers Remedier (a mix of Trichoderma spp) and biocide extract of Brassica spp (Biofence) has promoted peach growth and nutrient uptake (i. e. P), with the final results of healthier trees
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Verifiche di campo e di laboratorio sulla sensibilità di Stemphylium vesicarium ai fungicidi analoghi delle strobilurine e dicarbossimidici
No full textRIASSUNTO
In un’azienda interessata in passato da problemi di resistenza di S. vesicarium ai dicarbossimidici e nel 2006 agli analoghi delle strobilurine, è stata effettuata nel 2007 una prova di lotta contro la maculatura bruna del pero impiegando diversi fungicidi. Parallelamente, attraverso isolamenti del patogeno, si è proceduto a verificare in vitro in tempi successivi la sua sensibilità ai dicarbossimidici e alle strobilurine nonché ad analizzare, relativamente alle seconde, eventuali mutazioni genetiche. La prova di campo ha evidenziato una soddisfacente protezione da parte dei dicarbossimidici (procymidone e iprodione) mentre per gli analoghi delle strobilurine (kresoxim-methyl, trifloxystrobin, pyraclostrobin) è stata riscontrata un’insufficiente capacità di contenimento. I saggi in vitro hanno evidenziato un’attività normale per i dicarbossimidici e scarsa per le strobilurine, confermando i risultati emersi nella prova di campo. L’analisi molecolare ha, inoltre, permesso di accertare la presenza negli isolati resistenti della mutazione G143A, tipica della resistenza alle strobilurine
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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