1,721,002 research outputs found
Nonbinary people in the family context: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackground: The present systematic review and meta-analysis explores the family context of nonbinary individuals.
Aim: The present systematic review and meta-analysis aim to summarize the studies investigating the life experiences of nonbinary people in their family context. Methods: The articles included were systematically searched in four scientific databases (i.e. PsychInfo, Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science) from March to October 2023. The inclusion
criteria encompassed original articles with solely nonbinary participants or studies where nonbinary people were distinguished from the overall sample. We excluded studies with participants identifying outside binary gender without specifying as nonbinary and articles lacking original data. Of the 2837 records identified, 37 articles were included.
Results: We identified five research themes: (a) family support (n = 16), (b) family reactions (n = 14), (c) disclosure (n = 8), (d) violence and victimization (n = 7), and (e) family functioning, well-being, and mental health (n = 4). In most studies on family reactions to nonbinary gender identity, family members’ negative feelings were prevalent. We used a meta-analytic procedure to compare family support received by nonbinary individuals to both binary transgender
people and cisgender people. Findings suggested that nonbinary people perceived less support than both binary (d = 0.18; 6 studies) and cisgender people (d = 0.61; 5 studies). Conclusion: Numerous studies indicated positive relationships with siblings who provided significant support. Coming-out experiences exhibited varying results: Some studies reported
positive interactions with family members, while others highlighted negative experiences or decisions to hide gender identity in the family context. Most studies indicated a higher incidence of violence and victimization from family members. The present review and meta-analysis underscore the family’s pivotal role in interventions and emphasize the
relevance of collaborating with families to promote the well-being and affirmation of nonbinary people
Why are gay leaders perceived as ineffective? The role of the type of organization, sexual prejudice and gender stereotypes
No full textPrevious research has shown that the stereotypical characteristics of successful leaders are perceived to be congruent with the stereotypical masculine characteristics and incongruent with the characteristics stereotypically associated with women. The lack of congruency between stereotypical feminine characteristics and the stereotypical characteristics of a successful leader is considered to be one of the main causes of prejudice against women, who often face obstacles in achieving leadership positions. Drawing on the theoretical and empirical evidence, we conducted two online experimental studies to investigate the perceived effectiveness of gay leaders; these studies involved, respectively, 192 and 202 heterosexual US men. Specifically, in the first study, we hypothesized that participants with high levels of sexual prejudice would perceive leadership as less effective when the leader was gay rather than heterosexual, regardless of the gendered nature of the organization (masculine vs. feminine). In the second study, we tested the hypothesis that participants with high (vs. low) levels of sexual prejudice would perceive a gay leader who showed more stereotypical feminine characteristics to be less effective than a gay leader who showed more stereotypical masculine characteristics. Moderated regression analyses confirmed our expectations. Limitations, applied implications, and future directions are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Perceptions of Mothers’ Competence and Morality: the Role of Attribution of Responsibility, Gender Role Beliefs, and Sexual Prejudice
No full textIntroduction Attitudes toward non-normative families, such as those composed of LGBTQ parents and stepparents, have improved over the last few decades. However, prejudice has not disappeared, but has only mutated into modern forms. This experimental study aimed to investigate the conditional mechanisms explaining negative attitudes toward non-normative mothers. We predicted that when evaluating conflicts within a family, a heterosexual biological mother would be viewed as being less responsible for her children’s misbehavior than non-normative mothers, and these attributions would, in turn, impact on perceptions of competence and morality as a manifestation of modern prejudice for those with highly heteronor- mative beliefs. Methods Four hundred and two Italian heterosexual and cisgender participants from the general public took part in a questionnaire from November to December 2022. Each participant read one of four different vignettes describing a conflict between two children and their mother. Specifically, a target mother’s sexual orientation (heterosexual vs. lesbian mother) and her biological connectedness to children (biological mother vs. stepmother) were manipulated. Then, the participants responded to measures on mothers’ competence, morality, and responsibility for the children’s misbehavior, and scales on gender role beliefs and sexual prejudice. Results Results of moderated mediation showed that the familial conflict provided a rationalization according to which people with high levels of gender role beliefs—or sexual prejudice—attributed more responsibility and less competence—or less morality—to non-normative mothers compared with heterosexual biological mothers. Conclusions This study found that non-normative mothers are stigmatized on competence or moral bases eliciting attribu- tions for conflict with their children. Policy Implications These results contribute to the growing number of studies exploring attitudes toward non-normative family arrangements and are relevant for clinicians and policymakers
What is hiding behind the rainbow plot? The gender ideology and LGBTQ+ lobby conspiracies (GILC) scale
Full text link: Previous literature on conspiracy beliefs has an important gap, as it has almost completely excluded conspiracy beliefs relating to LGBTQ+ people. The purpose of the present research was to develop and validate a specific tool to measure the Gender Ideology and LGBTQ+ Lobby Conspiracies Beliefs: the GILC scale. Two independent data collections (Ntot = 1.908) were run involving both heterosexual and gay, lesbian and bisexual people. We expected a mono-factorial structure of the tool, with high levels of internal reliability, invariant by respondents' gender, sexual orientation and previous knowledge or hearsay of gender ideology. Furthermore, we expected that GILC scale manages to measure a differentiated construct: (a) compared to other specific and general conspiracy contents; (b) compared to a generic disposition to engage in conspiratorial mentality; (c) compared to existing measures of sexual prejudice, stereotypes and negative attitudes towards sexual minority people. In relation to criterion validity, we expected that several psychosocial and socio-political ideology variables (i.e. RWA and SDO), would associate with high levels in GILC scale. The results confirmed our expectations, showing that GILC scale is a short tool which include nine items with a mono-factorial structure and with excellent psychometric properties. Limitations and further research directions are discussed
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