1,721,013 research outputs found
The Gut and Urinary Microbiota: A Rising Biomarker in Genitourinary Malignancies
No full textThe homeostasis and function of each human organ are associated with site-specific microbial communities (i.e., the microbiome). More importantly, microbial genes greatly outweigh human genes, indicating a profound influence by microbial communities and microbial metabolites on organ function, as well as hormone synthesis and xenobiotic turnover. Primarily for the gut-resident microbiome, several reports have associated dysbiosis (i.e., perturbance of the homeostatic microbiome) with the onset and progression of diseases, including several solid tumors, and with the efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. It is clear from these premises that the microbiome plays a central role in the management of cancer patients, including those with genitourinary neoplasias. In this chapter, we will review the current evidence of the contribution of the microbiome to tumor development and treatment in the genitourinary system
Identificazione dei requisiti informativi e confronto tra soluzioni alternative. Il caso di una società di servizi ICT
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effect of 6 years enzyme replacement therapy on plasma and urine glycosaminoglycans in attenuated MPS I patients
No full textEnzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) is a new option for the clinical management of MPS I, However, no detailed data are available on the structural characterization of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the urine and plasma of patients before ERT and during treatment regimens. Before ERT and over two-week period of enzyme infusion, GAGs in urine and plasma were analyzed in two patients with Hurler-Scheie form of MPS I subjected to ERT for 6 years. In both patients before ERT, high amounts of a GAG were found in the urine, composed in particular of a high molecular mass polymer (about 13,000-13,500) consisting of about 75-78% iduronic acid and rich in 4-sulphated disaccharides (deltaDi4s) and attributable to DS. Furthermore, a high amount of this GAG was dirctly detected in the blood. Plasma GAGs in MPS I patients subjected to ERT were found to be comparable to those of normal subjects with the absence of heparan sulphate and of DS. On the contrary, a plysaccharide possessing a high molecular mass, about 11,500-12,000, lower than the polymer extracted before ERT but slightly higer than the controls (about 11,000), was found in the urine of both patients. This macromolecule was characterized as a mixture of DS/chondroitin sulfated based on the high percentage of 4-suphated disaccharide (4s/6s ratio of about 3.1) and iduronic acid (about 60%). These results are indicative of the incapacity of ERT at tha standard dose to definitively eliminate DS from the urine. Finally, a variable effect of ERT depending on each administration was also observed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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