1,721,132 research outputs found
Lamotrigine as add-on drug in children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy and mental delay: an open trial.
No full text
Double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial of allopurinol as add-on therapy in childhood refractory epilepsy.
No full text
Studio dei microasrousals in età pediatrica: confronto tra scoring manuale e sistema di reti neurali Bio Sleep System 4.1 Child Version
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LOW CYCLIC ALTERNATING PATTERN RATE AS AN INDICATOR OF MIGRAINE WITHOUT AURA IN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN
No full textIntroduction Primary headaches are closely related to sleep. Great
modifications in the arousal patterns during sleep have been reported in
migraine, especially in the nights preceding a headache attack.
Aim of the study was to evaluate the pattern of arousal from sleep in a
group of migraine school-aged patients.
Materials and methods Population study consisted of 5 patients, (four
females and one male), aged 8-15 years (mean 11.7 years, SD±2.43),
affected by migraine without aura (MO), according to ICHD-II criteria,
who referred to the third University Level Headache Centre for Developmental Age of the Department of Child and Adolescent
Neuropsychiatry of the Second University of Naples.
All the mothers of the subjects were asked to fill in the Sleep
Disturbances Scale for Children (SDSC) questionnaire to assess the
presence of sleep troubles.
Patients underwent three overnight polysomnographic studies, following
adaptation; arousal pattern was studied by the scoring of the cyclic
alternating pattern (CAP).
Results Migraineurs showed a lower CAP rate in non-rapid eye movement
(NREM) sleep (CAP rate mean value 14.875% vs. 24.56% of
matched control, p=0.005) and, in particular, a lower number of A1
phases, as shown in a recent report in an adult population.
The reduction in the CAP rate indicates a lower level of arousal fluctuation
in NREM sleep, suggesting a dysfunction in neural structures
involved in both the control of REM sleep and the pathophysiology of
migraine, such as the hypothalamus and the brainstem.
Discussion In the last 30 years, the intimate relationship between sleep
and headache has been recognized even if the relationship remains clinically
and nosologically complex, and widely obscure.
Headaches associated with nocturnal sleep have often been perceived as
either the cause or result of disrupted sleep.
Recent biochemical and neurofunctional imaging studies in patients
with primary headache disorders has lead to the identification of potential
central generators which are also important for the regulation of
normal sleep architecture and sleep microstructure and could be an
important tool to clarify the relation between the two.
Conclusions The relationship between headaches and sleep disturbances
is complex and difficult to analyse, but neurophysiological tools
and sleep study (both macrostructural and microstructural) could be
useful to clarify this obscure aspect of two so frequent clinical events,
particularly in school-aged children
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) e sonno: studio polisonnografico
No full textBackground. La letteratura sulla relazione tra coordinazione motoria e modalità
di sonno in età evolutiva è scarsa. Scopo del presente studio è esplorare le
relazioni esistenti tra l’organizzazione macrostrutturale del sonno e le capacità
di coordinazione motoria in età evolutiva in un gruppo di bambini affetti da DCD.
Metodi. 121 bambini (75 M, età media10,03 ± 2,76) sono stati sottoposti al test
Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC), Beery-Buktenika Visual-Motor
Integration test (VMI) ed a polisonnografia notturna (PSG), in seguito è stato
individuato un gruppo di soggetti affetti da DCD composto da 42 bambini (26 M,
età media10,12 ± 1,98) ed un gruppo di 79 soggetti non affetti (49 M, età media
9,94 ± 2,84) confrontati mediante t-test sui dati macrostrutturali del sonno.
Risultati. Dall’analisi di correlazione sono emerse relazioni significative tra abilità
motorie e parametri di durata del sonno oltrechè quelli di rappresentazione percentuale
degli stadi con particolare riferimento al sonno REM. Inoltre i soggetti
con DCD presentano una riduzione media di tutti i parametri di durata del sonno
e della quota di REM% rispetto ai controlli.
Conclusioni. Il presente studio dimostra come coordinazione motoria e integrazione
visuo-motoria siano strettamente legate alle modalità macrostrutturali del sonno, tali
risultati potrebbero porsi come punto di partenza per ulteriori e più approfonditi studi
sul legame tra modalità di sonno notturno e capacità motorie superiori
HEADACHE AND SLEEP DISORDERS IN CHILDHOOD
No full textClinical observations supported by experimental data suggest that
sleep and headache share common anatomical, physiological and
biochemical substrates, as shown by the possibility of coexisting also
in the same patient of headache and sleep disorders and by their relative
frequency in the general population and in children. Sleep represents
the only well-documented behavioural state related to the
occurrence of some headache syndromes while headache may cause
various degrees of sleep disruption and seems to be associated with
several sleep disturbances either in adults or in children. Children
with migraine headaches appear to have a range of sleep disturbances:
insufficient sleep, bruxism, and maternal co-sleeping are significantly
more frequent compared to children from a normative
community sample. Children with migraine experienced greater
sleep disturbances in all domains including longer sleep onset delay,
more bedtime resistance, shorter sleep duration, more daytime
sleepiness, more night wakings, greater sleep anxiety, more parasomnias,
and more sleep-disordered breathing. Even though several
studies demonstrated a high prevalence of sleep disorders in
headache subjects, sleep disorders are not seen as a comorbid or
causative factor for headache. While patients complain about their
sleep disorders, these manifestations are usually considered as “common
insomnia” of psychological origin and tend to be considered not
relevant by physicians. Early sleep disorders have been also related
to psychiatric co-morbidity and involved in the endurance of
headache in children and adolescence; in an 8-year follow-up study
it has been found that the most frequent comorbid disorders at the
onset of the headache were sleep disorders (12%) followed by anxiety
(11%); of the 9 patients with sleep disorders as comorbid factor
at the onset of headache, at follow-up 6 had enduring headache and
3 were headache-free
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