1,721,048 research outputs found
Morphometry and cytological grading of chondroid tumors.
No full textFine-needle cytology is effective in the diagnosis of bone tumours. As far the cytological grading of chondroid tumors concerns, the authors observed a concordance between cytology and histology in 4/7 grade I tumors, 26/29 grades II and III and 5/5 grade IV, respectively. Discrepancies concerning grade I tumors have been related to the cytological or histological criteria not correctly applied and to the non-representativeness of the cytological samples due to the heterogeneity of chondrosarcomas (1). We would like to remember the contribution that morphometry may offer to the difficult field of cytological grading of chondroid tumors mainly to the differentiation between benign and low-grade chondrosarcomas. In a small cytological series of benign chondroid tumors and well differentiated chondrosarcomas we found statistically significant differences between these entities by evaluating simple morphometric parameters such as nuclear Area, Perimeter and Max Diameter (4). This experience was subsequently repeated on histological material obtaining the same results (5). In the last years morphometry has lost most of the interest that it had gained in the eighties; nonetheless we think that the excellent performances of this simple, inexpensive and handy technique in the cytological grading of the tumors and, according to our experience, also in the discrimination between benign and malignant low-grade chondroid tumors might be still considered in this post-genomic era
Trattato gi ginecologia ed ostetricia : Gli screening in ginecologia
No full textViene esaminata la situazione degli screening per il cervico carcinoma attraverso la metodologia citologica (Pap-test) in Italia inseriti nel discorso internazionale. In particolare vengono esaminate le categorie di donne da richiamare, l'intervallo dello screening, l'impatto delle nuove tecnologi
Morphometric evaluation of thyrostatic treatment on thyreocytes in nodular goiter on cytologic samples.
No full textMorphometrical evaluation of thyroidal follicular cells is influenced by several factors including suppressive therapy. Morphometry may be useful in the follow-up of NHG to evaluate the effects of L-thyroxine and that this therapy reduces the size of thyreocytes; the same therapy, however, seems to have little or no effect on Hürthle cells
KRAS mutation analysis on cytological specimens of metastatic colo-rectal cancer.
No full textRecent evidences showed that metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with tumors harboring a KRAS gene mutation do not derive benefit from the administration of epidermal growth factor receptor-directed monoclonal antibodies. Typically, the specimens available for KRAS mutational analysis are formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) primary tumor tissue blocks. However, in patients with rectal tumours undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, the source of FFPE material is limited. In this setting, CRC cytological samples taken from the metastatic site may be exploited. However, these specimens show at least some degree of necrosis; thus, their suitability for the KRAS assay needs to be tested. Here, we show that 18/19 (94.7%) metastatic CRC smears were perfectly adequate for codon 12 and 13 KRAS mutational analysis by direct gene sequencing. Only one case (5.3%) showing abundant necrotic debris and poor cellular preservation was not informative for KRAS status. Codon 12 gene mutations were found in 4/18 (22.2%) of the adequate cases (c35G>T n = 2; c34G>T n = 1; c35G>A n = 1). Concordance between cytological and FFPE samples, both available in 13 patients, occurred in 92.3% (12/13) of the cases. Thus, whenever histological specimens of CRC are not available, KRAS testing may be reliably performed on cytological specimens
Eurocytology, module n.10: Spleen cytology
No full textNodular or diffuse splemomegalies may be determined by several causes; in most cases, clinical and serological data are diagnostic but there are still rare conditions or equivocal clinical presentations in which a direct evaluation may be useful. FNC of the spleen was first used for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis and was then extensively used in the Seventies by the Swedish school. The fear of haemorrhage first, and the subsequent development of other non invasive diagnostic techniques have limited, over time, the diffusion of splenic FNC. Nonetheless, there still are some clinical situations in which FNC, despite some prejudices, may contribute to the diagnosis of nodular or diffuse splenomegalies. Moreover splenic FNC may be conveniently performed under ultrasound control, without complications, provided that the whole procedure is properly performed, and being aware that mononucleosis and hemorrhagic diathesis are definitive contraindications
Occult lymph node metastasis from desmoplastic small round cell tumor diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. A case report.
No full textDesmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare but well-defined neoplasm generally forming in the abdominal or pelvic cavity of young males and has distinct clinical, immunohistochemical and molecular features. Cytologic features of DSRCT have been described on fine needle aspiration of primary tumors. An occult lymph node metastasis of DSRCT diagnosed through the cytologic features, a basic immunocytochemical panel and DNA ploidy evaluation on cytospins obtained by fine needle aspiration is reported. CASE: Aspiration cytology was performed on an inguinal lymph node from a 20-year-old male. A Diff-Quik-stained smear showed mature lymphocytes and groups of undifferentiated, small cells with scanty cytoplasm, dense and coarse chromatin, and small nucleoli. Basic immunocytochemical stains showed negativity for leukocyte-common antigen and neuron-specific enolase and positivity for cytokeratin cocktail (Cam 5.2), vimentin and desmin, the last with characteristic paranuclear dotlike positivity. DNA ploidy evaluation showed an aneuploid histogram with a low 5c exceeding rate. CONCLUSION: Cytologic and immunocytochemical features suggest the diagnosis of DSRCT on fine needle aspiration cytology samples even in cases of a metastatic, unknown primary tumor. Because of the tumor's aggressiveness, a rapid and accurate diagnosis is required
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