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Coexistence of fault-propagation and fault-bend folding in curve-shaped foreland fold and thrust belts: examples from the northern Apennnines (Italy)
No full textFault-bend and fault-propagation folds have unique profiles in foreland fold-and-thrust belts that are caused by different faultrelated folding models and controlled by the mechanical characteristic of the multilayer and ⁄ or by reactivation of normal faults in a positive inversion tectonics context. In this work, NNE–SSW- and NW–SE-trending anticlines, related to the Neogene curve-shaped Olevano-Antrodoco-Sibillini thrust (Northern Apennines, Italy), are investigated to reconstruct fault-related folding mechanisms. Geological and structural analysis allows us to interpret the NNE–SSW-trending anticlines as fault-bend reactivation folds and the NW–SE-trending anticlines as fault-propagation shortcut anticlines. The coexistence of fault-bend and fault-propagation folding processes involving the same multi-layered succession in different arms of a curve-shaped thrust is explained in an inversion tectonics context. This along-strike variation of different folding mechanisms might be recognised in similar curve-shaped orogenic thrust-belts controlled by structural inheritan
Styles of plio-quaternary positive inversion tectonics in the central-southern apennines and in the adriatic foreland
No full textStyes of Plio-Quaternary Positive Inversion Tectonics in the Central-Southern Apennines and in the Adriatic Foreland
No full textThrust-related Folds within Inversion Tectonics Dominated Areas - Structures from the Apennines Thrust Belt (Italy)
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dinaric up-thrusts in the Pliocene evolution of the Central Apennines thrust belt of Italy: the Montagna dei Fiori structure
Full text linkForeland-directed gravitational collapse along curved thrust fronts: insights from a minor thrust-related shear zone in the Umbria–Marche belt, central-northern Italy
No full textGravitational collapse occurs during the mature evolution of orogenic belts, but its signature is difficult to discriminate in macroscopic structures from that of pre-, syn- or late-/post-orogenic extension, so reliable mesoscopic examples are particularly useful. A composite fabric developed along a lateral thrust ramp in the Apennines reveals mesoscopic normal faults that truncate the thrust surface, overprint the S-fabric and merge downwards in a foreland-directed splay, leaving the thrust footwall undeformed. These relationships indicate syn-/late-thrusting extension, which we interpret as induced by hanging-wall gravitational collapse. Our study provides critical constraints for reconstructing the kinematic evolution of collapsing thrust fronts
Brittle‐ductile shear zones along inversion‐related frontal and oblique thrust ramps: Insights from the Central–Northern Apennines curved thrust system (Italy)
No full textHigh‐strain deformation within the Earth’s crust often occurs in localized, narrow, and sub‐parallel wall‐sided zones known as shear‐zones, which accommodate differential movement during the deformation of the lithosphere. They may be related to any tectonic regime (compression, extension, or strike–slip), varying in width from microns/millimeters (grain‐scale) to kilometers (mega‐shears). The heterogeneous character of natural deformation in shear zones produces characteristic fault rocks as mylonites and cataclasites, developedunder deep‐seated (10–25km deep) ductile (viscous) or shallow‐crustal (0–15km deep) brittle–ductile (frictional–viscous) deformation regimes, respectively (e.g. Ramsay and Graham 1970; Sibson 1977, 1983; Ramsay 1980; Alsop and Holdsworth 2004). The analysis of brittle–ductile and ductile shear zones exhumed and/or extruded and exposed at the surface through a variety of approaches and across a range of scales is essential for unraveling deformation
histories. Deciphering the kinematic significance of deformation fabrics within fault rocks and reconstructing the regional tectonics contribute profoundly to understand how localized crustal deformation occurs (e.g. Casas and Sàbat 1987; Alsop et al. 2004; Carosi et al. 2004; Iacopini et al. 2008; Mukherjee 2007, 2010a,b, 2011, 2013a, b, c, 2014a, b; Mukherjee and
Koyi 2010a,b; Calamita et al. 2012a; Tesei et al. 2013). In this chapter the geometric and kinematic characteristics of shear deformation fabrics associated with frontal and oblique ramps belonging to curve‐shaped thrusts are described. A detailed mesoscale structural and kinematic analysis is presented by examining some remarkable examples of brittle–ductile thrust shear zones related to regional‐scale frontal and oblique thrust ramps in the Central–Northern Apennines of Italy
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