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Description of the Strange Situation procedure (modified by E. Prato-Previde, G. Fallani and P. Valsecchi, 2006).
No full text<p>Description of the Strange Situation procedure (modified by E. Prato-Previde, G. Fallani and P. Valsecchi, 2006).</p
Creare legami : l'attaccamento in una prospettiva comparata
No full textIl contributo riporta una visione etologica e comparata del fenomeno dell’attaccamento
collocandolo in una prospettiva evoluzionistica. Dopo una breve introduzione sui legami sociali nel
mondo animale, ed in particolare nei mammiferi, viene illustrato il fenomeno dell’ attaccamento
secondo la prospettiva etologica ed evoluzionistica sviluppata da Bolwby. Infine l’articolo si
focalizza sulla natura e sulle caratteristiche del legame uomo-cane, iniziando con un breve excursus
sul processo di domesticazione del cane ed illustrando i risultati delle più recenti ricerche
sull’attaccamento del cane verso l’uomo e viceversa. Viene sottolineato come esista una continuità
fra il mondo animale e quello umano nella formazione dei diversi tipi di legami social
What is it like to be a jealous dog? Commentary on Cook et al. on Dog Jealousy
Full text linkAbstract: Jealousy is a good candidate for comparative studies due to its clear adaptive value
in protecting social bonds and affective relationships. Dogs are suitable subjects for
investigating the evolution of jealousy, thanks to their rather sophisticated socio-cognitive
abilities — which in some cases parallel those reported for human infants — and thanks to
their long-lasting relationship with humans. The work of Cook and colleagues (2018) addresses
the issue of jealousy in dogs through the lens of neuroscience, examining the relationship
between the amygdala and jealousy. Their experiment has a number of methodological flaws
that prevent distinguishing jealousy from other internal states; it also lacks behavioral
indicators that could help in this endeavor. Nevertheless, it is an admirable step towards a
multidisciplinary approach to the investigation of non-basic emotions in nonhuman species
Do disrupted early attachments affect the relationship between guide dogs and blind owners?
No full textThe study investigated the affectional bond developed by dogs (Canis familiaris) towards their human companions during the selection process to become guide dogs and compared this bond with that formed by pet dogs with their owners. One hundred and nine dog-owner pairs were tested using a modified version of the Strange Situation Test: custody dogs-puppy walkers (n = 34), apprentice dogs-trainers (n = 26), guide dogs-blind owners (n = 25) and pet dogs-owners (n = 24).
Twenty-six behaviours were scored using a 5 s point sampling method and two vocal behaviours were recorded as bouts. Factor analysis carried out on 24 mutually exclusive behaviours highlighted two different profiles of response. A relaxed reaction characterised by a high play activity was distinctive of custody and apprentice dogs, whereas an anxious reaction characterised by a high degree of proximity seeking behaviours was distinctive of pet dogs. Guide dogs were intermediate between these two extremes, expressing their attachment to the owners but showing a more controlled emotional reaction. This finding suggests that guide dogs can be viewed as “working pets”. Furthermore, the experimental set-up, characterised by the presence of a frightening stimulus, revealed that untrained dogs (pets and custody dogs) were more fearful than trained dogs (guide dogs and apprentice dogs). Finally, differences in temperament emerged between retrievers: Golden retrievers showed a higher level of affection demand while Labrador retrievers were more playful. Overall, these findings show that in spite of separations from previous attachment figures, guide dogs established with their blind owner a rather good and secure affectional bond
P. Valsecchi e F. Viti (eds.) Mondes Akan/Akan Worlds: Identity and Power in West Africa, Paris, L'Harmattan, 1999
No full textRecension
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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