1,721,056 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Structure of rat bile canaliculi as revealed by scanning electron microscopy
No full textBile canaliculi in the rat liver have been studied by scanning electron microscopy. They appear as half tubules carved out of the hepatocytes' surface. In several cases the bile channel bifurcates to form two or three long branches running on the same face of the cell. Therefore, by SEM it seems obvious that the same side of an hepatocyte may be used for bounding two or more bile canaliculi. Some bile canaliculi display a flexuous course and show lateral sacculations. Some of them are large and apparently similar to the short lateral branches of the bile canaliculus; others are smaller and arise obliquely from the subjacent cortical areas of the hepatocyte cytoplasm. These latter structures are best observed in stereo-views in which they appear as narrow intracellular projections bordered with a few microvilli, actually opening into the lumen of the bile canaliculus. The SEM results suggest that these sacculations probably correspond to short intracellular branches of the bile canaliculi. Zones of minimal distance (0.1 mu) between the space of Disse and the bile channel have been frequently observed. They are actually the zones where the intercellular clefts arising from the subendothelial space of Disse come into closet contact with the bile canaliculus and might serve as sites of simple diffusion of substances
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Il Vimercatese : la costruzione di un'identità territoriale complessa fra tradizione rurale e nuove forme urbane
No full textIl paesaggio del Vimercatese è il prodotto di trasformazioni complesse in cui gli elementi naturali, rurali e urbani si sono interconnessi ed hanno interagito sinergicamente dando vita a una formazione territoriale in equilibrio tra tradizione rurale e diffusione urbana, forgiata da architetture postmoderne di forte impatto visivo e attenzione per i beni ambientali e culturali.
Questo saggio propone in primo luogo un'attenta osservazione del territorio del Vimercatese nel suo complesso per coglierne le caratteristiche strutturali. L’area di studio, infatti, costituita da un territorio sovracomunale a nord di Milano con una superficie complessiva di circa 185 kilometri quadrati tra la nuova provincia di Monza-Brianza e la provincia di Milano, presenta da un punto di vista organizzativo, tre ambiti territoriali diversi che, sebbene non presentino tra loro confini definiti, possono essere chiaramente individuati dalla presenza di elementi strutturali e paesaggistici distintivi.
In secondo luogo, lo studio procede con l'analisi delle singole unità costitutive con l'intento di metterne in luce le peculiarità e comprenderne le ragioni profonde. L’ambiente umano e insediativo presenta infatti una natura composita, formata da diversi tipi di paesaggio, risultato di progressivi inserimenti e giustapposizioni di nuovi elementi. Si indagano i paesaggi della natura e gli ambienti rurali, gli spazi delle industrie e del terziario. Infine, si prendono in considerazione i paesaggi degli uomini, la trama insediativa dei centri abitati con la loro specifica forma, la distribuzione della popolazione e la sua ricollocazione sul territorio negli ultimi cinquant'anni, in parte determinati dalle sempre strette relazioni di mobilità con Milano ma anche attivati in risposta a potenzialità economico-produttive locali.
La commistione di tutti questi paesaggi e il mosaico territorialmente complesso che essi formano esprime perfettamente le dinamiche storiche, sociali, economiche e culturali che fanno del Vimercatese un’area di forti contrasti. Allo stesso tempo, dalla ricerca emergono le potenzialità di quest'area, capace di raccogliere sia le sfide dell’innovazione sia le necessità della conservazione e della salvaguardia ambientale in un contesto territoriale in cui le dinamiche di polarizzazione e dipendenza dal capoluogo milanese attivano fenomeni di mobilità di persone e risorse difficili da conciliare con processi di riorganizzazione funzionale orientati verso una progressiva autonomia non solo economica e produttiva, ma anche identitaria.The landscape of Vimercatese is the product of complex transformations in which natural, rural and urban elements are interlinked and have interacted synergistically in the past, giving rise to an area that is in balance between rural traditional landscapes and urban sprawl. Its landscapes are forged by postmodernist architecture with a strong visual impact but, at the same time, by a singular attention to environmental and cultural heritage.
This paper firstly proposes a careful observation of the territory of Vimercatese as a whole in order to understand its structural characteristics. The study area consists of a supra-municipal territory located north of Milan, with a total area of about 185 square kilometers extending between the new district of Monza-Brianza and the district of Milan. This area presents from an organizational perspective, three different areas which, although not separated from one another by defined borders, can be clearly identified by the presence of structural elements and distinctive landscapes.
Secondly, the study continues with the analysis of each constituent area of the territory with the intent to highlight its special features and understand the deep reasons of its current features. The environment and human settlement has in fact a composite nature, formed by different types of landscape, the result of progressive insertions and juxtapositions of new elements. We investigate the landscapes of nature and farming, the spaces of industry and service sector. Finally, we consider the landscapes of people, the settlement pattern of towns with their distinctive shape, the distribution of the population and its relocation in the area over the last fifty years, partly determined by the increasingly close relationships with Milan but also activated in response to local economic and productive potential.
The mixture of all of these landscapes and the mosaic of local complexity that they have formed is the perfect expression of historical, social, economic and cultural dynamics that make the Vimercatese an area of great contrasts. From the research, at the same time, emerges the main potential of this area, that is able to connect both the challenges of innovation and the needs for environmental protection and preservation. In this area the dynamics of polarization and dependence from Milan and Monza activate an high mobility of people and resources. This phenomenon is difficult to reconcile with a processes of functional reorganization oriented towards a progressive autonomy from Milan not only economic and productive, but also of identity
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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