740 research outputs found

    Off-season irrigation as a climate adaptation strategy for future groundwater management in Northern Italy

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    Northern Italy is a historically water abundant region. However, it was struck by a major meteorological drought recently, which caused many damages to agriculture and other sectors. Adaptation measures to a changing climate and to extreme events is thus a growing topic and measures have to be tested and planned to be able to avoid future water scarcity. Here, a possible adaptation measure is proposed and evaluated through field tests and numerical modelling: the flooding of fields during periods of water abundance as an additional aquifer recharge. Results show that the measure has a considerable potential in infiltrating high volumes of water. This work only shows the first achieved results, more data and improved numerical models are needed to sustain this consideration and assess the feasibility of the measure, both of which will be achieved in the next years

    Airbrush robotic painting system: experimental validation of a colour spray model

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    This research is focused on developing a robotic painting system for artistic and graphic applications by means of an anthropomorphic robot equipped with an airbrush. Firstly, we introduce a mathematical colour spray model, based on a radially symmetric Gaussian distribution of colour intensity within the spray cone. Then, we present an experimental characterization of colour intensity in a spot, by varying the distance between airbrush and target surface and the spraying time. The experimental results of this pilot study validate the paint intensity model and provide the basis for further investigations

    5'-Nucleotidases: specific assays for five different enzymes in cell extracts

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    Several mammalian 5'-nucleotidases (5-NTs), attached to membranes or present in the cytosol or in mitochondria, remove the phosphate from ribo- and deoxyribonucleotides with different specificities for the sugar and base moieties. Some enzymes probably participate in signaling functions by producing adenosine from AMP. A more general function may be to prevent overproduction of deoxyribonucleotides. 5-NTs may affect the pharmacological activity of nucleoside analogs and also be involved in their mitochondrial toxicity. Here we describe for five cloned 5-NT specific assays that largely rely on new inhibitors for some of the enzymes. The assays can be used to quantitate each enzyme in crude cell extracts. To ascertain their validity we applied each assay to extracts from genetically modified cells that overproduce separately each of the five enzymes. The methodology should be useful in further studies of the physiological function of 5-NTs and their influence on the clinical use of nucleoside analogs
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