211 research outputs found
Makna Salat dalam Suluk Saking Kitab Markun Karangan kyai Tumenggung Arungbinang
No full textConduct to Markun book a Kyai Tumenggung Arungbinang essayexplaining the problem of prayers. Prayer is an act that begins withtakbiratul ikhram, ushalli intend to read, read the letter al-Fatikhah, bow,i’tidal, prostrate and tahiyat and ends with a greeting. Conduct of BookMarkun gives specifc meaning to the “members” in the prayer. TakbiratulIkhram (standing) meant as a reminder that everything comes from nothinginto existence. When lafad Allahu Akbar read is to strengthen your heart(those who perform their prayers) to Allah who has created the Great fromnothing into existence.Intention is the lust of the prayers, because if the intention was not dueto glorify God Almighty could make you disbelievers. The Spell of ushalliis not the intention, because the main intention is an intention where thereis no difference between the position and Kawulo Gusti. If God has loved aservant, then all requests will be granted.Surat al-Fatihah is a spirit of prayer, because the letter al-Fatihah is heartof Al-Quran and Al-Fatihah heart is in his heart of Bismillah and the heart ofBismillah is the letter Alif. Bow down to the bone prayer. Bow is not just bow,but humbles them before God Almighty that the actual bow. I’tidal a bodyprayer, while prayer tahiyyat be hand foot and will be praying. Tahiyyatreal meaning is not worship besides Him, have no desire other than to Him.Keywords: Prayer, Book of Conduct of Markun, Kyai TumenggungArungbinang.</p
Improvements in primary care skills and knowledge with a vocational training program – a pre–post survey
No full textSima Djalali, Ryan Tandjung, Thomas Rosemann, Stefan Markun Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Background: Facing the upcoming shortage of primary care physicians (PCPs), medical and governmental organizations have recently made major investments to foster vocational training programs in Switzerland, designed to provide context-specific training for trainees in primary care practices. Less is known about the impact of these programs on the skills and specific knowledge of trainees. We aimed to evaluate the Cantonal program for vocational primary care training in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland’s largest Canton.Methods: We undertook a pretest–posttest study and surveyed physicians before and after participating in the Cantonal program for vocational primary care training in the Swiss Canton of Zurich. All trainees who participated in the program from 2013 until the end of 2015 were eligible. Primary outcome was the proportion of trainees being confident about their professional, organizational, examination and management skills before and after completing vocational training. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of trainees stating knowledge gain in entrepreneurship and the proportion of trainees being motivated to pursue a career as PCP.Results: Data of 47 trainees participating in the vocational training between 2013 and 2015 were eligible. In total, 35 (74.5%) participated in the T1 survey and 34 (72.3%) in the T2 survey. At T2, significantly more trainees (T1: 11%−89%, T2: 79%−100%) stated to be at least “slightly confident” about their skills (p<0.05 for each individual skill). Knowledge gain in entrepreneurship was highly expected and experienced by the trainees (55%−77% of respondents) in case of medicine-specific contents, but hardly expected in case of general business contents (≤47% of respondents). Concerning trainees’ motivation to pursue a career as PCP, we observed only a minimal, statistically insignificant change, suggesting that the vocational training did not alter trainees’ preconceived career plans as PCP.Conclusion: Given the measured increase in confidence, evaluation of training programs should focus on operationalizing key skills of PCPs. Given the lack of change in trainees’ motivation; however, statements about the effect of program implementation on national shortage of PCPs cannot be made. Keywords: primary care, career choice, physicians, family/trends, internship and residency/trends, Switzerland, surveys, questionnaire
Acute exacerbated COPD: room for improvement in key elements of care
No full textStefan Markun,1,* Daniel P Franzen,2,* Kaba Dalla Lana,1 Swantje Beyer,3 Stephan Wieser,4 Thomas Hess,3 Malcolm Kohler,2 Thomas Rosemann,1 Oliver Senn,1 Claudia Steurer-Stey1,5 1Institute of Primary Care, 2Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, 3Department of Pneumology, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, 4Department of Pneumology, City Hospital Waid, 5MediX Group Practice Ltd, Zurich, Switzerland *These authors contributed equally to this work Introduction: Hospitalizations because of acute exacerbated COPD (AECOPD) are a major burden to patients and the health care system. Interventions during acute and post-acute hospital care exist not only to improve short-term outcomes but also to prevent future exacerbations and disease progression. We aimed at measuring the implementation rates of acute and post-acute hospital care interventions for AECOPD.Methods: We performed 24 months (January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2013) retrospective medical chart review of consecutive cases hospitalized to one of three public hospitals in the canton of Zurich due to AECOPD. Implementation rates of five acute care and seven post-acute care interventions were assessed.Results: Data from 263 hospitalizations (61% male, mean age 68.5 years, 47% active smokers) were analyzed. The median length of stay was 9 days (interquartile range [IQR] 6–12 days). In all, 32% of hospitalizations were caused by individuals with previous hospitalizations because of AECOPD. Implementation rates of four acute care interventions were >75% (lowest was appropriate antibiotic therapy with 56%). Compared to this, implementation rates of five post-acute care interventions were <25% (lowest was patient education and self-management advice with 2%).Conclusion: The results of this audit revealed room for improvement mainly in post-acute care interventions for AECOPD. Keywords: audit, COPD, exacerbation, guideline adherence, hospital medicine, performance of car
Há muitas e muito poucas palavras: a poética de Arnaldo Antunes em As Coisas
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2011Arnaldo Antunes no livro As Coisas faz despertar um corpo-a-corpo com a visualidade de seus poemas-figuras, que permitem refletir sobre a própria natureza significativa e não representacional da arte e, sobretudo, entre as palavras e as coisas. A presente pesquisa procurou contemplar três vertentes: a estrutura escrita, a estrutura sonora e a presença marcante das características do poeta modernista Oswald de Andrade na obra. Nela, o poeta descreve as coisas de forma poética através da construção da imagem e do imaginário, permitindo que através de seus poemas sejam aprofundadas questões como a visualidade na poesia, o ritmo, os poemas em prosa e os poemas em música. Para isso, destacou-se o lugar da poesia na Literatura como uma linguagem transformadora, relacionando o seu valor com particularidades da obra: a simplicidade do olhar infantil, a síntese na escrita poética, a busca de elementos inspiradores no cotidiano, na fala coloquial, nas linhas, nos rabiscos da linguagem, nos planos, na perspectiva, nas cores e na luz. Arnaldo Antunes brinca com as coisas através de analogias que levam à estranheza do óbvio ao se perceber que as coisas não têm paz em um mundo em que há muitas e muito poucas palavras.Arnaldo Antunes in the book As Coisas (The Things) awakens a clinch with the visuality of his poems, pictures, allowing nature to reflect on the significant and non-representational art and especially between words and things. This research sought to include three aspects: the structure of writing, sound structure and the presence of the striking features of the modernist poet Oswald de Andrade's work. In it the poet describes things in a poetic way through the construction of image and imagery, allowing through his poems are in-depth issues such as visual poetry, rhythm, prose poems and poems to music. For this, the highlight was the place of poetry in literature as a language processing, linking its value to the particularities of the work: the simplicity of the child's eye, the summary in writing poetry, finding inspiring elements in everyday, colloquial speech, lines in gibberish language, plans, in perspective, the colors and light. Arnaldo Antunes plays with things through analogies that lead to the obvious surprise when you realize that things do not have peace in a world where there are many and very few word
Author reply to technical comment on: Rachamin et al. Statin treatment and LDL target value achievement in Swiss general practice
No full textPoszukiwanie człowieka” w prozie Andrieja Płatonowa
No full textTHE SEARCHING FOR “THE NEW MAN” IN THE PROSE OF ANDREI PLATONOV
Summary
The article deals with the issue of the evaluation of a hero in the works of Andrei Platonov. The analysis starts with the early work of this writer - Markun, then moves to his main novels - Tchevengur and Happy Moskow, and ends with the short story Fro. The author of the article came to the conclusion that A. Platonov used the mythological images of Christ as the androgen to construct the main heroes of his artistic work. He began his quest from a man-hero, then moved to young lads such as Sasha Dvanov, and resulted in young and strong women. The most emphasized characteristic of the latter is the capability of self-sacrifi ce. Platonov presented his heroes as philosophers searching for the true sense in life. Their images have some characteristics in common - background (all of them are orphans), personality (they are selfl ess, compassionate, persevering), and principles in life. However, the most crucial issue, that concerns Platonov’s heroes, is their relation towards the people. On the one hand, they are outstanding fi gures, “the chosen ones”, but, on the other hand, they preserve the bounds with their nation.
POSZUKIWANIE „NOWEGO CZŁOWIEKA” W PROZIE ANDRIEJA PŁATONOWA
Streszczenie
Artykuł dotyczy ewolucji obrazu bohatera w utworach Andrieja Płatonowa. Analizę pro-blemu otwiera portret bohatera wczesnego opowiadania Płatonowa Markun, następnie analiza koncentruje się kolejno na bohaterach powieści Czewengur i Szczęśliwa Moskwa, całość dopełnia krótkie opowiadanie Fro. Autor danego artykułu doszedł do wniosku, że Płatonow wykorzystał przy konstrukcji swoich bohaterów obraz Jezusa Chrystusa jako androgyna. Pisarz rozpoczął swe poszukiwania od wizerunku bohatera-mężczyzny, następnie skupił się na młodzieńcach typu Saszy Dwanowa, by dojść do wizerunku młodej i silnej kobiety. Najbardziej charakterystyczną cechą tych bohaterek okazuje się zdolność i gotowość do poświęcenia. Płatonow przedstawiał swych bohaterów jako fi lozofów poszukujących sensu życia. Obrazy tych bohaterów mają jednak wiele cech wspólnych: pochodzenie (wszyscy są sierotami), osobowość (są bezinteresowni, współczujący, wytrwali) i zasady, którymi kierują się w życiu. Niemniej najbardziej istotną cechą płatonowskich bohaterów wydaje się ich stosunek do ludzi. Z jednej strony są wybitnymi jednostkami, „wybrańcami”, a z drugiej - zachowują scisły związek z narodem
A. P. Platonov'un Eserlerindeki Ütopya Anlayışına Başlıca Örnekler
No full textTezimizin konusunu, Sovyet dönemi yazarlarından Andrey Platonoviç Platonov'un eserlerindeki değişken ütopya anlayışını irdelemek oluşturmaktadır. Platonov, ülkesinde yaşanan gerçeklere duyarsız kalmayan ve 20. yüzyılın tarihi dönüm noktasını eserlerinde en çarpıcı yönleriyle kaleme alan önemli yazarlardan biridir. Fakir bir ailenin üyesi olarak dünyaya gelen yazarın zorluklarla geçen yaşamının izlerini sanatının neredeyse tamamında görmek mümkündür. Gerek sefalet içinde geçen yaşamı gerekse ülkenin içinde bulunduğu durumun halk üzerindeki olumsuz etkisi, Platonov'un eserlerinin odak noktasına devrim ve iç karışıklıklar nedeniyle hüsrana uğramış Rus insanını koymasına neden olur. Bu nedenle yazar, başlangıçta kendisi de bir sosyalist olmasına rağmen devrimle başa geçen sosyalist hükümetin uyguladığı politikaları onaylamayıp eserlerinde ideal devlet düzeniyle yaşam biçimlerine değinir. Bu yönüyle yazar, önemli araştırmacılar tarafından ütopist olarak nitelendirilir. Nitekim yazarın çalışmamızda incelediğimiz eserlerinden Çevengur'da devrim nedeniyle yaşamları alt üst olan bireylerin iyi bir geleceğe yönelik umutlarının, aynı zamanda esere ismini veren şehirle hayat bulması anlatılır. Bir diğer eseri Çukur'da toplumun en alt tabakası sayılan işçi kesimin zorluklarla geçen yaşamlarına bir son vermek istemesi sonucu, dertlerinden arındıkları ve hep birlikte huzurlu, mutlu yaşayacaklarını umdukları bir ortak proleter evin inşası için atılacak olan temele kazılan çukurun tasviri yapılır. Bakir Deniz'de ise açlık ve susuzluktan kırılan bir kasabanın bu sıkıntısını gidermeye çalışan bir mühendisin, yeraltının derinliklerinden el değmemiş suyu yeryüzüne çıkarma çabaları anlatılır. Bu eserlerinde yazar, ütopyanın antiütopyaya dönüşünü gözler önüne sererken, kısa öyküleri Markun, Şeytani Düşünceler-Güneşin Torunları, Birçok İlginç Şey Hakkında Hikâye ve Elektriğin Yurdu'nda ise bilimkurgu ütopyasından faydalanır ve insanlığın yararına olacağını düşündüğü çeşitli makine ve aletlerin icadını ütopyasına araç edinir. Ancak Platonov, düşüncelerini daha geniş kitlelere ulaştırmak amacıyla ütopya, antiütopya ve bilimkurgu ütopyasınından yararlanırken, diğer ütopist yazarlardan da farklı yollar benimser. Bu durum, araştırmacılar arasında görüş ayrılığına neden olur ve yazarın ütopist olmadığı konusunda fikirler ortaya atılmaya başlanır. Bu çalışmada yazarın bir çeşit yönetim eleştirisi olan ve içinde insanlığın zor durumda bulunduğu, daha iyi bir yaşam biçimini hak ettiği yargısını ön plana çıkarmaya çalıştığı bu eserlerinin yöntem ve şekli farklı görülse de ütopik türde yazıldığı gösterilmeye çalışılmıştırThis study examines the Soviet novelist Andrei Platonov's ambivalent conception of utopia as reflected in his works. Platonov is one of the most influential authors of the 20th century Russian literature with his sensitivity to the happenings of his time and reflection of the historical turning points of the century. It is possible to trace the author's life, which is fraught with difficulties due to his poor background, in almost every single part of his works. Both his life spent in poverty and the bad effects of the socio-political turmoil of his nation on the people causes Platonov to put the Russian citizens, who are frustrated with the revolution and domestic turbulence, at the centre of his works. Although he himself is a socialist in the beginning, Platonov does not approve of the socialist government's policies and seeks more ideal governmental orders and life styles in his works. In this respect, the author is categorized by many literary scholars as a utopian novelist. Indeed, in Chevengur, one of Platonov's works examined in this study, he reflects how the individuals ruined by the revolution dream of a better future and achieve it in the eponymous city Chevengur. In The Foundation Pit, another novel in question, the author depicts the digging of a foundation pit by the working class, the lowest layer of the social order who wishes to put an end to their miserable lives, for the establishment of a proletarian settlement where they are to live happily together. In The Sea of Youth, he displays the struggle of an engineer to raise the untouched subterranean water to the surface in order to meet his drought-stricken people's needs. In all these novels, Platonov reveals how a utopia turns into an anti-utopia while making use of sciencefictional utopia in his short stories Markun, Evıl Thoughts - Descendants of the Sun, A Story of Many Interesting Things and The Motherland of Electricity. In these stories, he utilizes the inventions of various machines and devices that he deems beneficial for the humanity. Yet, Platonov also adopts techniques different from other utopian novelists in order to convey his messages to larger masses. This ambivalence leads to a dissensus among Platonov scholars some of whom even suggest that he is not to be regarded as a utopian novelist at all. Thus, in this study, it is aimed to reveal that the works in question are written in an indisputable utopian vein, though differing in methods and forms, with a criticism of governmental policies along with an emphasis on the conclusion that the people deserve a much better social order and life standard
Author reply to technical comment on: Rachamin et al. Statin treatment and LDL target value achievement in Swiss general practice
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