1,199 research outputs found
Tropizodium kalami Prajapati, Murthappa, Sankaran & Sebastian, 2016, sp. n.
No full text<i>Tropizodium kalami</i> sp. n. <p>(Figs. 1A–B, 2A–C, 3A–C, 6A–H, 7A–G)</p> <p> <b>Type material: Holotype:</b> Male (ADSH 112761 A), <b> INDIA: <i>Kerala</i>:</b> Ernakulam, Thevara in Kochi, Sacred Heart CMI Public School ground, 9°56'15.90"N, 76°17'50.91"E, 10 m alt., 2 February 2015, D. A. Prajapati leg., from ground, by hand; <b>Paratype:</b> 2 females (ADSH 112761 B), same data as holotype.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>T. kalami</i> <b>sp. n.</b> is most similar to <i>Tropizodium siam</i> Dankittipakul, Jocqué & Singtripop, 2012 and <i>Tropizodium serraferum</i> (Lin & Li, 2009), but can be distinguished from the mentioned species by the following combination of characters: retrolateral tibial apophysis with narrow distal part, sharp median retrolateral bend, median apophysis with apico-retrolateral depression, retrolateral lobe of median apophysis with prolateral fold, long tortuous copulatory ducts originating apico-retrolateral to spermathecae and medially placed hairband shaped epigynal orifice (compare Figs 2B–C, 3A–B & 6E with Dankittipakul <i>et al.</i> 2012, figs. 4–6, 10–11 & Lin & Li 2009, figs. 1–4, 5–7).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> <i>Male</i> (holotype, Figs 1A, 6A–C, 6G–H): Prosoma, clypeus, chelicerae, sternum, maxillae, labium, spinnerets, leg segments pale yellowish. Clypeal margin with long, thick bristles. Chilum absent. Dorsum of chelicerae bears stout setae; cheliceral margins without teeth; inter-cheliceral triangle small. Fangs reddishbrown, short. Sternum heart shaped, with triangular extensions fitting in coxal concavities. Opisthosoma oval; dorsum sepia with pale yellow striae and spots; lateral sides and venter pale yellowish. Leg segments with thick covering of incised hairs; femora I–II with single dorsal spine, metatarsi II and III (right one) distally with single pair of ventral spines. Posterior ventral spines (PVS) present, arranged in single row (Fig. 6H). Body length 1.86. Prosoma length 0.91, width (in the middle) 0.55, height (in the middle) 0.40. Opisthosoma length 0.95, width (in the middle) 0.47, height (in the middle) 0.40. Eye diameter: ALE 0.05. AME 0.11. PLE 0.06. PME 0.05. Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.04. AME–ALE 0.01. AME–PME 0.02. ALE–PME 0.02. ALE–ALE 0.24. PLE–PLE 0.16. PME–PME 0.21. PME–PLE 0.01. Clypeus height at ALE 0.14, at AME 0.10. Chelicera length 0.29. Measurements of palp and legs. Palp 1.1 [0.34, 0.24, 0.15, 0.37], I 2.42 [0.65, 0.21, 0.57, 0.56, 0.43], II 2.08 [0.53, 0.18, 0.44, 0.50, 0.43], III 2.03 [0.53, 0.15, 0.42, 0.53, 0.40], IV 3.07 [0.80, 0.22, 0.71, 0.82, 0.52]. Leg formula: 4123. <i>Pedipalp</i> (Figs. 2A–C, 6D–F): Palpal segments pale yellowish. Cymbium apically with single stout spine, prolaterally with three comb-like setae (Figs. 2A, 6D). Retrolateral tibial apophysis large resembling the ‘horn of antelope’, nearly as long as the cymbium, with narrow distal half, with sharp median retrolateral bend not visible in retrolateral view (Figs 2A–C, 6D–F). Median apophysis massive, with apico-retrolateral depression; retrolateral lobe of median apophysis with prolateral fold (2B, 6E). Tegulum with median transparent part (Figs 2A, 6D). Embolus short, spiniform, directed at 2’o clock position in ventral view. Sperm duct proximally thick, distally narrow, with a sharp retrolateral inverted ‘U’ shaped bend (Figs 2A–B, 6D–E).</p> <p> <i>Female</i> (Paratype, Figs. 1B, 7A–E). In all details like male except the followings: cephalic region provided with numerous thick bristles. Opisthosoma sepia with numerous creamy-white spots. Palp without spines. Body length 3.32. Prosoma length 1.15, width (in the middle) 0.7, height (in the middle) 0.63. Opisthosoma length 2.17, width (in the middle) 1.52, height (in the middle) 1.6. Eye diameter: ALE 0.04. AME 0.10. PLE 0.02. PME 0.04. Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.05. AME–ALE 0.01. AME–PME 0.03. ALE–PME 0.06. ALE–ALE 0.28. PLE– PLE 0.18. PME–PME 0.26. PME–PLE 0.03. Clypeus height at ALE 0.21, at AME 0.24. Chelicera length 0.39. Measurements of palp and legs. Palp 0.93 [0.33, 0.15, 0.21, 0.24], I 3.25 [0.84, 0.30, 0.69, 0.80, 0.62], II 2.99 [0.78, 0.31, 0.59, 0.79, 0.52], III 2.96 [0.79, 0.31, 0.57, 0.81, 0.48], IV 4.2 [1.10, 0.39, 0.95, 1.16, 0.60]. <i>Epigyne</i> (Figs.</p> <p>3A–C, 7F–G): simple, weakly sclerotized. Spermathecae nearly globular, situated far from each other (Figs. 3B, 7G). Copulatory ducts longer as well as thicker than other species, meandering, with thick basal part, originate apico-retrolaterally to spermathecae (Figs. 3B, 7G). Epigynal orifice ‘hairband’ shaped, situated medially, with pointed ends (Figs. 3B, 7G).</p> <p> <b>Variation.</b> Female: (n = 2) Body length 2.03–3.32.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific epithet is a tribute to Bharat Ratna Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, the former President (“People’s President”) of India, whose life is always inspiring students from all over the world.</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> Only known from the type locality (Fig. 9).</p>Published as part of <i>Prajapati, Dhruv A., Murthappa, Prashanthakumara S., Sankaran, Pradeep M. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2016, Two new species of the ant-eating spider genus Tropizodium Jocqué & Churchill, 2005 (Araneae, Zodariidae, Zodariinae) from India, pp. 575-584 in Zootaxa 4061 (5)</i> on pages 576-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4061.5.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/256907">http://zenodo.org/record/256907</a>
G6PD deficiency in Vataliya prajapati community settled in Surat
No full textBACKGROUND: A Study on Vataliya Prajapati was published earlier but
heterozygous females were not identified. AIMS: To compare incidence
of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in random and
unrelated subjects, present and previous study and as per their
original habitat. Incidence of heterozygous deficiency and clinical
implication of deficiency was also determined. SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
Camps were organized in Katargaon and Amroli regions. Blood specimens,
with relevant demographic information, were collected from those who
attended the camp. METHODS AND MATERIAL: A total of 1644 random blood
samples were collected from 404 families participating in the camps.
Nitroblue tetrazolium dye test was used for G6PD deficiency screening
and quantitative assay for measurement of G6PD enzyme activity.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: χ2 test was used to evaluate
significance and mean values were compared by the Student′s "t"
test. RESULTS: Incidence of G6PD deficiency was found as 22% among
all the random samples tested. However, the G6PD deficiency among
unrelated members was 27.9% in males and 12.4% (P<0.001,df 1). The
13.9% of the females with heterozygous G6PD deficient status, together
with the homozygous deficient phenotype makes the incidence comparable
with males. Incidence of deficiency was comparable with previous study,
in Katargam and Amroli and in Amerli and Bhavganar districts. Deficient
subjects had mild anemia and hemolytic crisis rarely occurred.
CONCLUSION: Vataliya Prajapatis have high incidence of G6PD deficiency
without severe chronic hemolytic anemia. However before prescribing
medicines physician should know the G6PD status of a Vataliya Prajapati
patient
G6PD deficiency in Vataliya prajapati community settled in Surat
No full textBACKGROUND: A Study on Vataliya Prajapati was published earlier but
heterozygous females were not identified. AIMS: To compare incidence
of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in random and
unrelated subjects, present and previous study and as per their
original habitat. Incidence of heterozygous deficiency and clinical
implication of deficiency was also determined. SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
Camps were organized in Katargaon and Amroli regions. Blood specimens,
with relevant demographic information, were collected from those who
attended the camp. METHODS AND MATERIAL: A total of 1644 random blood
samples were collected from 404 families participating in the camps.
Nitroblue tetrazolium dye test was used for G6PD deficiency screening
and quantitative assay for measurement of G6PD enzyme activity.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: χ2 test was used to evaluate
significance and mean values were compared by the Student′s "t"
test. RESULTS: Incidence of G6PD deficiency was found as 22% among
all the random samples tested. However, the G6PD deficiency among
unrelated members was 27.9% in males and 12.4% (P<0.001,df 1). The
13.9% of the females with heterozygous G6PD deficient status, together
with the homozygous deficient phenotype makes the incidence comparable
with males. Incidence of deficiency was comparable with previous study,
in Katargam and Amroli and in Amerli and Bhavganar districts. Deficient
subjects had mild anemia and hemolytic crisis rarely occurred.
CONCLUSION: Vataliya Prajapatis have high incidence of G6PD deficiency
without severe chronic hemolytic anemia. However before prescribing
medicines physician should know the G6PD status of a Vataliya Prajapati
patient
Castianeirinae Reiskind 1969
No full textCastianeirinae Reiskind, 1969 <p> <b> <i>Cambalida</i> Simon, 1909</b> (in WSC, the genus establishment year is given as 1910)</p> <p> <b>Type species.</b> <i>Cambalida insulana</i> Simon, 1909 by original designation (currently considered as <i>nomen dubium</i> as the types are lost (Haddad 2012)).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> For description and diagnostic features of the genus, see Haddad (2012).</p>Published as part of <i>Murthappa, Prashanthakumara S., Prajapati, Dhruv A., Sankaran, Pradeep M. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2016, First records of the genus Cambalida Simon, 1909 (Araneae: Corinnidae, Castianeirinae) from Asia, with the description of two new species from India and one new combination, pp. 526-536 in Zootaxa 4103 (6)</i> on page 527, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4103.6.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/260600">http://zenodo.org/record/260600</a>
A New Reaction Rate of the 27Al(p,α)24Mg Reaction Based on Indirect Measurements at Astrophysical Energies and Implications for 27Al Yields of Intermediate-mass Stars
No full textThe abundance of 26Al carries a special role in astrophysics, since it probes active nucleosynthesis in the Milky Way and constrains the Galactic core-collapse supernovae rate. It is estimated through the detection of the 1809 keV γ-line and from the superabundance of 26Mg in comparison with the most abundant Mg isotope (A = 24) in meteorites. For this reason, high precision is necessary also in the investigation of the stable 27Al and 24Mg isotopes. Moreover, these nuclei enter the so-called MgAl cycle, playing an important role in the production of Al and Mg. Recently, high-resolution stellar surveys have shown that the Mg-Al anticorrelation in red-giant stars in globular clusters may hide the existence of multiple stellar populations, and that the relative abundances of Mg isotopes may not be correlated with Al. The common thread running through these astrophysical scenarios is the 27Al(p,α)24Mg reaction, which is the main 27Al destruction channel and directly correlates its abundance with the 24Mg one. Since available reaction rates show large uncertainties owing to the vanishingly small cross section at astrophysical energies, we have applied the Trojan Horse Method to deduce the reaction rate with no need of extrapolation. The indirect measurement made it possible to assess the contribution of the 84 keV resonance and to lower upper limits on the strength of nearby resonances. In intermediate-mass AGB stars experiencing hot bottom burning, a sizeable increase in surface aluminum abundance is observed at the lowest masses, while 24Mg is essentially unaffected by the change in the reaction rate
Exploring the astrophysical energy range of the 27Al(p,α)24Mg reaction: A new recommended reaction rate
No full textThe 26Al abundance holds a special role in present-day astrophysics, since it is a probe of active nucleosynthesis in the Galaxy and a valuable constraint of Galactic core-collapse supernovae rate. It is estimated through the detection of the 1809-keV γ-line of the daughter 26Mg and from the superabundance of 26Mg in comparison with the most abundant 24Mg isotope in meteorites. Accurate knowledge of the reaction rates involving 26Al, its stable counterpart 27Al and 24Mg is then mandatory. Moreover, these nuclei enter the MgAl cycle playing an important role in the production of Al and Mg isotopes. Recently, high-resolution stellar surveys have shown that the Mg-Al anti-correlation in red giants of globular clusters may hide the existence of multiple stellar populations, and that the relative abundances of Mg isotopes may not show correlation with Al. The common thread running through these astrophysical scenarios is the 27Al(p,α)24Mg reaction, which is the main 27Al destruction channel and directly correlates its abundance with the 24Mg one. Since available reaction rates show an order of magnitude uncertainty owing to the vanishingly small cross section at astrophysical energies, we have applied the Trojan Horse Method to deduce the reaction rate with no need of extrapolation. The indirect measurement made it possible to assess the contribution of the 84-keV resonance and to lower the upper limits on the strength of nearby resonances, with potential important impact for astrophysics. In particular, modifications in the 27Al and 24Mg abundances up to ∼30% are predicted for intermediate mass stars
Studies of the effect of structural variation on Mesomorphic Characteristics in Thermotropic Mesogenes
No full textNot availabl
A New Reaction Rate of the Al(p,γ)Si Reaction Based on Indirect Low-energy Cross-section Measurements
No full textInternational audienceThe Mg–Al cycle is characteristic of the high-temperature (T ∼ 0.055 GK) H-burning of evolved stars and their nucleosynthesis. A proper comprehension of this reaction network can help in solving debated questions such as the occurrence of anticorrelation in Mg–Al abundances in globular clusters. Recent high-resolution surveys have shown that such an anticorrelation may hide the existence of multiple stellar populations and that the relative abundances of Mg isotopes may not be correlated with Al. Proton-induced reactions on Al play a key role in this respect, in particular the interplay between the (p, α) and (p, γ) channels, determining the closure (or not) of the Mg–Al cycle. Presently, the situation is still debated owing to the large uncertainty affecting existing experimental nuclear data. A recent indirect measurement indicates a further reduction in the Al(p, α)Mg reaction rate with respect to the ones commonly adopted in astrophysical models. In the present work, we update the Al(p,γ)Si reaction rate based on the same indirect measurement results. In the case of AGB stars experiencing hot bottom burning, the revised rate would lead to a ∼35% increase in Al abundance with respect to what is presently foreseen, with interesting astrophysical consequences
Fig. 13 in New species of Palpimanus Dufour, 1820 from India (Araneae: Palpimanidae, Palpimaninae), with a catalogue of the Indian palpimanid fauna
No full textFig. 13. Distribution of the genera Boagrius, Palpimanus and Sarascelis in India. ○ Boagrius tenuisus Sankaran, 2022; ● Palpimanus godawan sp. nov.; ★ P. maldhok sp. nov.; ♦ P. narsinhmehtai Prajapati, Hun & Raval, 2021; ■ P. vultuosus Simon, 1897 and ▲ Sarascelis namratae (Pillai, 2006).Published as part of <i>Tripathi, Rishikesh, Sankaran, Pradeep M., Kuni, Nikhil & Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil V., 2023, New species of Palpimanus Dufour, 1820 from India (Araneae: Palpimanidae, Palpimaninae), with a catalogue of the Indian palpimanid fauna, pp. 26-50 in European Journal of Taxonomy 891</i> on page 48, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.891.2265, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8334945">http://zenodo.org/record/8334945</a>
Evidence of mixed infection of phytoplasma and begomovirus associated with Withania somnifera and Capsicum annum plants from Uttar Pradesh, India
No full textSymptoms of yellow discoloration, curling of leaves, and
little leaves with excessive branching were observed on
Withania somnifera and Capsicum annum plants, with an
average incidence of 5 and 8%, respectively, in Hardoi
District of Uttar Pradesh, India during 2016–17 and 2017–18.
The little leaf and excessive branching suggested the possibility
of phytoplasma association. However, the presence
of whiteflies in the vicinity and leaf curling suggested begomovirus
infection. Three leaf samples from Withania somnifera
and Capsicum annum symptomatic plants and one from
non-symptomatic leaf were used for DNA isolation and were
subjected to PCR using P1/P6 primers and nested PCR
R16F2n/R16r2 primers, respectively, for the detection of phytoplasma.
The begomovirus coat protein-specific primer
AV1F/AV1R was used to detect begomovirus infection.
Nested PCR amplified the ~1.2 kb amplicon in all six symptomatic
leaves and no amplification was observed in
non-symptomatic leaves. The CP region primer yielded
~800 bp amplicons in all three symptomatic samples of each
plant. Amplified products from both primers were eluted,
purified, and sequenced. The phytoplasma sequence
obtained from Withania somnifera (MH789552) shared the
highest sequence identity (99.92%) with other isolates of a
clover proliferation group (16SrVI-D) group of phytoplasmas.
However, Capsicum annum plants shared the highest identity
(99%) with the Ca. P. asteris-related (16SrI-B) group of phytoplasma.
In silico RFLP analysis of the 1.2 kbp product of
the 16S rRNA sequence of the W. somnifera and C. annum
phytoplasma strains submitted to the pDRAW32 tool (https://
www.acaclone.com/) and phylogenetic analysis through the
MEGA 6.0 tool confirmed that it as a member of the 16SrVI-Dsubgroup and 16SrI-B subgroup, respectively. The CP gene sequence of the W. somnifera isolate (MW176071) showed
maximum identity (99%) with several isolates of the Tomato
leaf curl virus reported from various places in India. However,
the C. annum isolate (MW420480) shared maximum identity
with the Ageratum enation virus. The investigation confirmed
the mixed infection of ToLC V and 16SrVI-D group phytoplasma
in the W. somnifera plant and 16SrI-B alongwith AEV
in C. annum plants
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