1,720,978 research outputs found
Faecal contamination indicators in irrigation waters: evaluation of standard method and comparison with an alternative system.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Heavy metals in dolphins from Northern Adriatic Sea and potential subtle toxic effects
No full textEnvironmental pollution represents one of the main threats for marine ecosystems conservation. Top predators are particularly exposed to contaminants; due to their anatomical and physiological characteristics, cetaceans can reach very high pollutants tissue body burdens (i.e. organochlorine and heavy metals). These marine mammals are thus considered as good indicators of marine environmental pollutants and among them heavy metals are one of the major contaminants classes.
Present research reports about the quantification of heavy metals in tissues of stranded bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from Northern Adriatic Sea and presents some speculation on possible subtle adverse effects exerted by these levels on the general health of the animals.
Stranded dolphins were collected along Northern Adriatic Sea coasts during a 5 years period and underwent necropsy for the determination of the causes of death. During examination, organs were sampled and stored at -20°C until analysis, which was performed with an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) technique. Quantified metals were Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg, As, Se, Cd and Pb and data are reported as mg/kg (ppm) on a wet weight basis. When possible, gender and age of the animals were recorded.
All metals were at detectable levels, presenting a huge variation among animals and tissues. Interestingly, some of the most common contaminants for marine environment were detected at low levels, often below limit of quantification, also in accumulation target organs like liver and kidney. Mean heavy metals detected were to be considered as low, but high enough to exert a potential immunotoxic effect on animals, as the levels detected are comparable to those which proved to be active in vitro on lymphocytic cytotoxicity, apoptosis, lymphocytic proliferation and phagocytic activity, as confirmed by some anatomo-pathological observations of lymph node swelling. Some speculation on potential reproductive effect of detected heavy metals levels are also proposed, even if no clear evidence of altered reproductive activity was observed.
From obtained data there seems to be a reduced exposure to heavy metals, even thought a higher susceptibility to infectious diseases can be considered for studied animals
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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