1,075 research outputs found
Effectiveness of irrigation strategies on the removal of the smear layer from root canal dentin
No full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate the removal of the smear layer by some commonly used (needle-and-syringe irrigation, sonic activation, ultrasonically activated irrigation) and new root canal irrigation strategies (negative pressure irrigation and polymer rotary file) using a novel approach by comparing pre- and post-experimental images. Prepared root canals (n = 50) were subjected to a split tooth model and divided into 5 groups (n = 10): (1) needle-and-syringe irrigation (control); (2) sonic activation (SA); (3) negative pressure irrigation with continuous warm activated irrigation and evacuation (CWA); (4) polymer finishing file (FF); (5) ultrasonically activated irrigation (UAI). Smear layer scores and percentage of open dentinal tubules (%ODT) were evaluated by 2 examiners before and after irrigation procedures, from the middle and apical thirds of the root canal, on scanning electron microscopic images. Data were analysed using Kruskal–Wallis and post hoc tests at P = 0.05. Needle-and-syringe irrigation (control) showed no significant difference (both smear score and %ODT) compared to the pre-experimental value (P > 0.05). All other groups showed lower smear scores and higher %ODT, compared to the control (P < 0.05). The lowest smear score and highest %ODT were observed in the CWA group, which was significantly different from all other groups (P < 0.05). SA group showed significantly higher smear scores and lower %ODT than FF or UAI (P < 0.05). CWA showed superior removal of smear layer in the middle and apical thirds of the root canal compared to the other irrigation strategies
Audio files of synthetic sustained vowels for the study of vocal fry
No full textThis is the dataset of stimuli used in the experiments reported in [1]. SinglePulsing.zip contains the stimuli of reported experiment 1, Transition.zip contains stimuli of experiment 2.
[1] V. Devaraj, F. Wendt, I. Roesner, J. Schoentgen, and P. Aichinger, “Auditory perception of impulsiveness and tonality in vocal fry,” Appl. Sci. Basel. (under review
Supplemental Material, Table_1 - Assessment of the Impact of Clinical Pharmacology Consultations Provided to Hospital Clinicians From the Drug Information Center—An Outcome Research in a Developing Country
No full textSupplemental Material, Table_1 for Assessment of the Impact of Clinical Pharmacology Consultations Provided to Hospital Clinicians From the Drug Information Center—An Outcome Research in a Developing Country by CVN Harish, Devaraj Belavigi, Amol N. Patil, Smita Pattanaik, Ashish Kakkar and Kripa Shankar Kasudhan in Journal of Pharmacy Practice</p
Unusual Behavior of Donor-Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts in Confined Space of a Water-Soluble Pd-8(II) Molecular Vessel
No full textDonor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASA) are new-generation photochromic compounds discovered recently. DASA exist normally in open form (blue/violet) and readily convert to cyclic (light yellow/colorless) zwitterionic form reversibly in the presence of green light in toluene/dioxane. In aqueous medium, the open form is not stable and converts to the cyclic zwitterionic form irreversibly. We report here a new self assembled Pd8 molecular vessel (MV) that can stabilize and store the open form of DASA even in aqueous medium. Reaction of the 90 acceptor cis-(tmeda)Pd(NO3)(2) (M) tmeda = N,N,N',N'tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine] with a symmetric tetraimidazole donor (L, 3,3',5,5'-tetra(1H-imidazol-1-y1)-1,1'-biphenyl) in a 2:1 molar ratio yielded a water-soluble 8+4] self-assembled M8L4 molecular barrel (MV). This barrel (MV) is found to be a potential molecular vessel to store and stabilize the open forms of DASA in aqueous medium over the more stable zwitterionic cyclic form, while in the absence of the barrel the same DASA exist in cyclic zwitterionic form in aqueous medium. The hydrophobic interaction between the cavity and the open form of DASA molecules benefits reaching an out-of-equilibrium or reverse equilibrium state in aqueous medium. The presence of excess MV could even drive the conversion of the stable cyclic form to the open form in aqueous medium. The host guest complex is stable upon irradiating with green light. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first successful attempt to stabilize the open form of DASA molecules in aqueous medium and the first report on the fate of DASA in a confined space discrete molecular architecture. Furthermore, the molecular vessel has been utilized for catalytic Michael addition reactions of a series of nitrostyrene derivatives with 1,3-indandione in aqueous medium
Connective tissue disease related fibrotic lung disease: high resolution computed tomographic and pulmonary function indices as prognostic determinants.
No full textTo determine high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns and pulmonary function indices which are associated with increased mortality in patients with connective tissue disease related fibrotic lung disease (CTD-FLD).HRCTs from 168 patients with CTD-FLD were scored by 2 observers for a variety of HRCT patterns and traction bronchiectasis. A radiological diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), fibrotic non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) or indeterminate was also assigned. Using Cox regression analysis, associations with mortality were identified. Honeycombing and traction bronchiectasis scores were converted to binary absence/presence scores and also tested. A subgroup analysis of patients with biopsy material (n=51) was performed by classifying patients according to radiological and histopathological diagnoses, as concordant UIP, discordant UIP and fibrotic NSIP. The prognostic separation of this classification was also evaluated.Severity of traction bronchiectasis (HR 1.10, p=0.001, 95\% CIs 1.04 to 1.17), increasing extent of honeycombing (HR 1.08, p=0.021, 95\% CI 1.03 to 1.13) and reduction in DLco (HR 0.97, p=0.013, 95\% CI 0.95 to 0.99) were independently associated with increased mortality. Interobserver agreement and prognostic strength were higher for binary traction bronchiectasis scores (weighted κ (κw)=0.69, HR 4.00, p=0.001, 95\%CI 1.19 to 13.38), than binary honeycombing scores (κw=0.50, HR 2.87, p=0.022, 95\% CI 1.53 to 5.43). The radiological-histopathological classification was strongly associated with increased mortality (HR 2.74, p<0.001, 95\% CI 1.57 to 4.77) and patients with discordant UIP had a better prognosis than concordant UIP but worse prognosis than fibrotic NSIP.Severity of traction bronchiectasis, extent of honeycombing and DLco are strongly associated with mortality in CTD-FLD. Interobserver agreement for traction bronchiectasis is higher than for honeycombing. In CTD-FLD, radiological diagnosis has survival implications in biopsy proven UIP
Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: high resolution computed tomography patterns and pulmonary function indices as prognostic determinants.
No full textOBJECTIVES: To investigate high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function indices (PFTs) for determining prognosis in patients with chronic fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP).
METHODS: Case records, PFTs (FEV(1), FVC and DLco) and HRCTs of ninety-two patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis were evaluated. HRCT studies were scored by two observers for total disease extent, ground-glass opacification, fine and coarse reticulation, microcystic and macrocystic honeycombing, centrilobular emphysema and consolidation. Traction bronchiectasis within each pattern was graded. Using Cox proportional hazards regression models the prognostic strength of individual HRCT patterns and pulmonary function test variables were determined.
RESULTS: There were forty two deaths during the study period. Increasing severity of traction bronchiectasis was the strongest predictor of mortality (HR 1.10, P < 0.001, 95%CI 1.04-1.16). Increasing global interstitial disease extent (HR 1.02, P = 0.02, 95%CI 1.00-1.03), microcystic honeycombing (HR 1.09, P = 0.019, 95%CI 1.01-1.17) and macrocystic honeycombing (HR 1.06, P < 0.01, 95%CI 1.01-1.10) were also independent predictors of mortality. In contrast, no individual PFT variable was predictive of mortality once HRCT patterns were accounted for.
CONCLUSION: HRCT patterns, in particular, severity of traction bronchiectasis and extent of honeycombing are superior to pulmonary function tests for predicting mortality in patients with CHP.
KEY POINTS: • HRCT is increasingly used to assess chronic fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. • HRCT patterns are superior to pulmonary function tests for predicting mortality. • Extensive traction bronchiectasis strongly predicts poor survival in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Effects of APOE isoforms in diabetic nephropathy patients of South India
No full textBackground: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a grave complication and the most common renal dysfunction of diabetes mellitus. Genetic factors, including Apolipoprotein E (APOE) isoforms, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of DN. Methods: A total of 577 type 2 Diabetes mellitus subjects were categorized into diabetes non-nephropathic (Controls: n = 321), diabetes nephropathic (DN: n = 256) groups. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters including age, BMI, lipid profiles (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG), glucose metabolism (plasma glucose, HbA1c, serum insulin), renal function (UACR, PCR), and blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were assessed. APOE variant frequencies were determined using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, validated against Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), and statistically correlated with each clinical and biochemical parameter. Results: The DN group had an increased prevalence of hypertension, fatty liver, and dyslipidemia compared to the Control group. Biochemical analyses revealed elevated levels of TC (213.41 mg/dL vs. 189.32 mg/dL), LDL-C (134.46 mg/dL vs. 107.56 mg/dL), and reduced HDL-C (58.13 mg/dL vs. 65.32 mg/dL) in DN cases compared to Controls (all p < 0.0001). The APOE variants distribution showed a significant increase in E2 allele frequency (69.1% vs. 15.3%) and corresponding homozygous genotype (E2/2: 42.2% vs. 5.6%) in DN cohorts. Conclusion: The study found a higher frequency of E2 allele in the DN group compared to Controls, though no statistically significant risk of DN was linked to this allele. The results suggest a potential association for APOE polymorphisms, requiring broader studies to clarify the role of APOE polymorphisms in DN susceptibility
Reconstruction from local discrete averages on the plane
No full textAbstractThe aim of the paper is to construct a solution for the equation f⋆μ=g, where f⋆μ is the convolution of f and μ given by ∫R2f(x¯−y¯)dμ(y¯), g is an arbitrary continuous function and μ is a finitely supported measure on the plane
Parasitoids of Asphondylia Pongamiae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), the flower gall inducer of Pongamia Pinnata and their roles in biological control
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