1,720,962 research outputs found
Usefulness of fine-needle aspiration in parotid diagnostics.
No full textPURPOSE: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a safe diagnostic technique that is widely employed for lesions of the head and neck. Among head and neck sites, the parotid gland is unique in the number, diversity, and peculiarity of its pathological processes. This complexity has prompted a great deal of discussion regarding the application of FNA to parotid masses, primarily focusing on the reliability of FNA as a diagnostic tool in guiding patient management. METHODS: This review presents an analysis of the usefulness of FNA in differential diagnosis of parotid pathologies. RESULTS: Recent studies have confirmed a wide range of accuracy rates for FNA evaluation of parotid masses, varying from 79\% to 97\%. These data cannot be uniformly anticipated across all diagnostic scenarios. FNA is notoriously unreliable in recognising the malignant nature of parotid carcinoma providing its precise classification and establishing its grade. A few malignant neoplasms are particularly prone to diagnostic error: acinic cell carcinoma is frequently interpreted as benign, and low-grade lymphomas are often discounted as inflammatory processes. CONCLUSIONS: FNA cytology is useful in avoiding surgery (inflammatory lesions) or limiting surgical procedures (benign tumours). For planning the extent of surgery of malignant parotid tumours, the histological subtype and/or grade should be determined; therefore, a histological diagnosis by frozen section analysis is required. Moreover, reliance on FNA findings at the expense of clinical, radiographic, and intraoperative findings is unwarranted. Regardless of whether FNA is used routinely or selectively in patients with parotid masses, the findings should contribute to, and not replace, the overall diagnostic impression
Microstruttura e funzione del tessuto osseo. Parte I: meccanismi di adattamento.
Full text linkObiettivi : Scopo del lavoro è compiere una revisione
dei meccanismi di adattamento e funzione
della microstruttura ossea in relazione alle applicazioni
odontoiatriche.
Materiali e metodi : Sono stati presi in considerazione
gli aspetti microanatomici del tessuto
osseo e messi in relazione con i progressi teoretici
sulla fi siologia ossea.
Risultati : La moderna teoria sulla fi siologia del
tessuto osseo contempla una mutua integrazione
tra “fenomeno di accelerazione locale”, paradigma
dello Utah e teoria meccanostatica. Modellamento
e rimodellamento osseo rispondono a
stimoli pleiotropici, fra cui spiccano l’attivazione
quantica delle cellule e la presenza di un carico
dinamico. Infi ne, nel caso di impianti inseriti in tessuto
osseo rigenerato con xenomateriali non completamente
riassorbibili, deve essere considerata
la riduzione di competenza meccanica dell’osso.
Conclusioni : Il carico statico, entro i limiti di proporzionalità,
non è responsabile del riassorbimento
osseo. Al termine della preparazione del sito
implantare e durante l’inserimento dell’impian to
è necessario preservare il coagulo in formazione,
evitando lavaggi con sostanze estranee al sangue
del paziente per favorire il “fenomeno di accelerazione
locale”. Gli impianti inseriti in tessuto
osseo rigenerato con biomateriali a incompleto
riassorbimento dovrebbero essere sottoposti a
procedure di carico progressivo
Tracheostomy in maxillofacial surgery: a simple and safe technique for residents in training.
No full text: Tracheostomy is a frequently performed surgical procedure and may be required under emergency, semiurgent, or elective conditions. In maxillofacial surgery, it is indicated in congenital, inflammatory, oncologic, or traumatic respiratory obstruction and prolonged intubation. This article presents a simplified tracheostomy procedure based on anatomic markers that gives the best compromise between minimum invasiveness and safety.: A retrospective study analyzed the clinical aspects, treatment methods, and clinical course of 198 patients who underwent tracheostomies performed by residents in training under the supervision of surgeons between October 2002 and December 2007 at the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova, and the Maxillofacial Unit, Head and Neck Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy. Tracheostomies were performed in 127 patients (64.14\%) with neoplastic diseases (tumors of the tongue base, tonsils, and oral and pharyngeal regions) and in 71 patients with trauma (35.86\%). The patients were followed up for 3 to 65 months.: Acceptable clinical healing and outcomes were obtained in all patients. Intraoperative complications occurred in 35 patients (17.7\%): bleeding in 32 patients (16.2\%) and pretracheal or paratracheal tube placement in 3 patients (1.51\%). Postoperative complications after tracheostomy closure included tracheostomy dehiscence in 5 patients (2.52\%) and subcutaneous emphysema in 26 patients (13.12\%). Tracheostomy dehiscence occurred in 3 patients with neoplasia (1.51\%) and in 2 patients with trauma (1.01\%). No symptomatic tracheal stenosis developed.: The standardized surgical technique presented here reduces the associated surgical risk when the correct anatomic markers are used and important structures are recognized and handled correctly
New surgical technique and distraction osteogenesis for ankylosed dental movement.
No full textDental ankylosis often presents a significant vertical alveolar defect that is an esthetic problem for prosthetic rehabilitation. Moreover, surgical-orthodontic treatment by corticotomies and distraction devices provides special attention to avoid the loss of blood supply to the segment; furthermore, gingival recessions may appear because the gingival tissues cannot proliferate as fast as the immediate repositioning of the tooth. This case report presents a surgical technique for buccal, palatal, and vertical movements, and examines the effects of a tooth/arch-borne tooth distractor appliance, for the alignment of ankylosed teeth. The slow movements of tooth and bone block and fine cut simplifies orthodontic treatment in patients and makes it possible to achieve complex movements in a relatively short period. The reported dislocation procedure allows a use of buccal-lingual vertical osteotomy with horizontal osteotomy to correct tooth positions via bony block movement maintaining gingival tissues in position. The used sonic saw have proven to be a valuable alternative to manual or rotating tools, oscillating saws, or piezoelectric units because it is faster and easier for surgical approach
Microstruttura e funzione del tessuto osseo. Parte II: carico immediato e biomateriali
No full textObiettivi : Scopo del lavoro è fare una revisione
sull’adattamento della microstruttura ossea
agli impianti in relazione al carico e all’uso di
biomateriali.
Materiali e metodi : Le evidenze istologiche più
signifi cative raccolte negli ultimi 10 anni di attività
di ricerca condotta sia su modello animale
sia sull’uomo offrono lo spunto per una valutazione
comparativa sull’architettura funzionale
dell’osso. In particolare, sono valutati l’effetto
del carico immediato sull’orientamento delle fi -
bre collagene nella matrice ossea mineralizzata;
il processo di osteointegrazione implantare alla
presenza di biomateriali inseriti contemporaneamente
agli impianti; le differenze microstrutturali
fra l’osso di alcuni modelli animali usualmente
impiegati nella ricerca e l’osso umano.
Risultati : L’applicazione del carico immediato
consente di ottenere una migliore organizzazione
della matrice ossea peri-implantare. In
particolare, si ha una prevalente disposizione
trasversale delle fi bre collagene che, di conseguenza,
determina nell’osso un incremento
della resistenza ai carichi compressivi. Inoltre,
se lo stimolo meccanico peri-implantare è adeguato,
si ottiene anche un processo vero e proprio
di corticalizzazione ossea. Il contestuale
inserimento di impianti e biomateriali porta a
una rigenerazione ossea prevalente intorno alle
particelle di biomateriale, mentre l’osteointegrazione
degli impianti è di tipo “focale”. Lamicrostruttura e i meccanismi di adattamento e rigenerazione ossea nei modelli animali più
usati nella ricerca presentano marcate differenze
con quelli umani.
Conclusioni : Il carico immediato, in presenza
di adeguata stabilità primaria, migliora la
qualità dell’osteointegrazione. Negli impianti
inseriti contestualmente a biomateriali, dopo la
seconda fase chirurgica, si dovrebbe applicare
un carico progressivo. Nella sperimentazione in
vivo su modelli animali la scelta del modello da
impiegare dovrebbe essere circostanziata dagli
obiettivi da testare e sottoposta a considerazioni
etiche
VALUTAZIONE IMMUNOISTOCHIMICA DELLA NEOANGIOGENESI IN INNESTI DI CALVARIA: STUDIO LONGITUDINALE A LUNGO TERMINE
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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