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    Chlinocephalus Ristori 1886

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    Genus <i>Chlinocephalus</i> Ristori, 1886 <p> TYPE SPECIES. — <i>Chlinocephalus demissifrons</i> Ristori, 1886, by monotypy.</p> <p>INCLUDED FOSSIL SPECIES. — The sole type species.</p>Published as part of <i>Charbonnier, Sylvain, Garassino, Alessandro, Pasini, Giovanni & Chény, Cédric, 2024, Review of brachyuran crabs from the late Miocene (Messinian) of Oran, Algeria, pp. 13-29 in Geodiversitas 46 (2)</i> on page 22, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2024v46a2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10566276">http://zenodo.org/record/10566276</a&gt

    Il divieto di licenziamento dopo il Decreto “agosto” e il Decreto “ristori”

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    Il legislatore nazionale attraverso il D.L. n. 104/2020, c.d. Decreto “agosto”, e, successivamente con il D.L. n. 137/2020, c.d. Decreto “ristori”, torna sul divieto di licenziamento disposto a causa dell’emergenza epidemiologica da Covid-19. Il divieto di licenziamento per motivi oggettivi previsto dalla precedente normativa ha avuto fine il 17 agosto 2020 e i citati decreti hanno disposto successive proroghe del divieto con modalità differenti. Il divieto non opera, come nella previgente normativa, in caso di riassunzione per subentro di nuovo appaltatore, nonché, ora, in caso di cessazione definitiva dell’attività di impresa. Su tali novità si incentra la presente analisi

    Chlinocephalus demissifrons Ristori 1886

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    <p> <i>Chlinocephalus demissifrons</i> Ristori, 1886 (Figs 5; 6; 7 A-C)</p> <p> <i>Chlinocephalus demissifrons</i> Ristori, 1886: 101-103, pl. 2, figs. 5, 6. — Glaessner 1929: 113. — Delle Cave 1981: 46. — Karasawa & Kato 2003: tab. 5. — Garassino <i>et al.</i> 2004: 275-278, figs. 15, 16. — De Angeli & Garassino 2006: 64. — Pasini & Garassino 2013: 321, fig. 2. — Baldanza <i>et al.</i> 2018: 27, fig.7. — Pasini <i>et al.</i> 2020: 54, fig. 3c-d.</p> <p> <i>Geryon latifrons</i> Van Straelen, 1937: 477, 478, pl. 33, fig. 4, <b>n. syn.</b> — Vía 1948: 145, fig. 4. — Imaizumi 1961: 165. — Saint Martin & Müller 1988: 251. — Moissette & Müller 1990: 758. — Karasawa & Schweitzer 2006: 60. — Hyžný & Dulai 2021: 228, fig. 89.5.</p> <p> <i>Geryon</i> cf. <i>latifrons</i> – Müller 1984: 96, pl. 93, fig.1. — Hyžný 2016: 477.</p> <p> TYPE MATERIAL. — Ristori (1886: 103) reported “ <i>specimens collected in the Pliocene marls</i> ”, but he figured just one sole specimen (pl. 2, figs. 5, 6), considered as the unique survived syntype. Indeed, Delle Cave (1981) reported this syntype with the catalogue number IGF 628E. The other syntypes were not found in the palaeontological collection of IGF (S. Dominici, pers. comm. 2023). Therefore, the specimen IGF 628E is herein designated as the lectotype (see Fig. 5).</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. —? Fornaci (Savona, Liguria, north-west Italy). Ristori (1886) recorded Fornaci as the type locality of the type material. Fornaci is a hamlet of municipality of Savona so named because of the presence of several kilns (= fornaci in Italian language) now dismantled. Mainly bricks were produced in these kilns, using clays excavated at different localities in Savona province and maybe from the southern Piedmont, but there is no historical evidences of outcropping Pliocene clays at this locality. We could suppose that the type material could be collected during some digging works close to Fornaci hamlet. In conclusion, the locality that yielded the only available specimen of the type material remains unknown.</p> <p>TYPE AGE. — Pliocene.</p> <p>STRATIGRAPHIC RANGE. — Late Miocene (late Messinian)-early Pleistocene.</p> <p> ADDITIONAL MATERIAL. — <b>Algeria</b>. Type material (Arambourg coll.) of <i>Geryon latifrons</i> Van Straelen, 1937 from Les Planteurs quarry, holotype MNHN.F.R03977 (figured by Van Straelen 1937: pl. 33, fig. 4) and three paratypes MNHN.F.R65071, R66625, R67112. — 10 historical specimens MNHN.F.A51751, A51752, A51753, A51754, A51755, A51756, A51757, A51758, A51759, A51760 (Arambourg coll.) from Les Planteurs quarry. — Three new specimens MNHN.F.A57345, A87800, A87801 (Geslin coll.) from Ravin Blanc quarry.</p> <p> <b>Italy</b>. MUSNAF /GEO/7179 a, b, figured by Pasini <i>et al.</i> (2020: fig. 3c, d), Miocene of Valmarecchia, Emilia-Romagna. — PU 41187 figured by Garassino <i>et al.</i> (2004: fig. 16), Pliocene of Cossato, Piedmont. — MSNM i22756 figured by Pasini & Garassino (2013: fig. 2), Pliocene of Castellarano, Emilia-Romagna. — MUAL 2, 10, 11-12 figured by Baldanza <i>et al.</i> (2018: fig. 7.2, 7.3), early Pleistocene of Bargiano, Umbria.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p> <i>Carapace</i></p> <p>Suboval carapace convex longitudinally and transversally, longer than wide; wide front extended beyond orbits; straight frontal margin with small, short median fissure (as preserved); rimmed frontal margin; wide orbits oblique to frontal margin marked by narrow incision at inner orbital angle; concave supraorbital margin with one fissure and one short outer-orbital tooth; divergent anterolateral margins with two sharp spines, one at level of hepatic margin and the second, longer than the first one, at level of epibranchial angle; convex, smooth posterolateral margins; wide, straight, and rimmed posterior margin; first transverse, curved, and raised carina crossing whole carapace width at level of epibranchial region; second transverse, curved, and raised carina crossing whole carapace width at level of metabranchial regions; indistinct dorsal carapace regions; urogastric and cardiac regions marked by weak branchiocardiac grooves; short, wide urogastric region; suboval cardiac region; depressed intestinal region; smooth dorsal surface of carapace.</p> <p> <i>Thoracic appendages</i></p> <p>Well-developed P 1; subcylindrical P 1 propodus, longer than wide, narrowing posteriorly; P 1 merus and carpus poorly preserved; elongate fingers; poorly preserved straight fixed finger with several teeth on occlusal margin; curved, pointed dactylus, with almost four strong teeth on occlusal margin; P 2- P 5 poorly preserved.</p> <p> <i>Thoracic sternum</i></p> <p>Thoracic sternum wide; thoracic suture 2/3 complete, straight, close to anterior margin of sternum; suture 3/4 deep, short, interrupted; sutures 4/5, 5/6, 6/7, 7/8 apparently interrupted. Sterno-pleonal cavity of male deep, long, nearly reaching anterior margin of sternite 4.</p> <i>Pleon (male)</i> <p>Male pleon typically narrow, slender (T-shaped), lateral margins of s4-s6 abruptly narrowing from s3 to narrow telson; telson slender, slightly longer than wide; s5 as long as wide; s6 much longer than wide.</p> <p>DISCUSSION</p> <p> After Van Straelen (1937), only two doubtful records of <i>Geryon</i> cf. <i>latifrons</i> were reported from the Miocene of Spain (Vía 1948) and Hungary (Müller 1984), whereas Saint Martin & Müller (1988) and Moissette & Müller (1990) simply listed the species without a critical systematic discussion.</p> <p> According to Karasawa & Schweitzer (2006: 60), <i>G. latifrons</i> cannot be considered as a Geryonidae Colosi, 1923 and they proposed to move it in <i>Chlinocephalus</i> Ristori, 1886 though it apparently lacks the arcuate carinae on the dorsal carapace evident on <i>Chlinocephalus</i> (Garassino <i>et al.</i> 2004: fig. 16).</p> <p> Ristori (1886) described <i>Chlinocephalus demissifrons</i> based on one complete carapace (Fig. 5). Later Garassino <i>et al.</i> (2004: 276, figs 15, 16) updated the morphological description and proposed a careful reconstruction of the carapace based on a very well-preserved specimen from the Pliocene of Piedmont (NW Italy).</p> <p> After direct observation of the type material of <i>G. latifrons</i> and additional specimens, we observed the presence of two transverse arcuate carinae on the dorsal carapace, concurring with the generic placement in <i>Chlinocephalus</i>.</p> <p> The specimens from Oran do not preserve or have poorly preserved carapace dorsal cuticle. They result as inner molds partially washed and eroded, not allowing a detailed evaluation of some dorsal characters. Indeed, the studied specimens seem not to have apparently the distinct weak median incision of the frontal margin due to the poorly preserved compressed carapace frontal margins. Anyway, the apparently lacking of these characters do not justify the description of a new species for the Algerian specimens, since the main dorsal and pleonal characters fit well those of <i>Chlinocephalus demissifrons</i>. Moreover, the variability of the shape of the carapace outline is a character discussed by Baldanza <i>et al.</i> (2018: 11) and considered related to the different stages of growth and/ or to intraspecific sexual difference. The studied specimens seem to confirm the high variability of the carapace shape in this species.</p> <p> In conclusion, we consider <i>G. latifrons</i> as a junior synonym of <i>C. demissifrons</i> sharing the main morphological characters of the type species, such as the straight, rimmed front with a small median incision, the supraorbital margin with one fissure, the anterolateral margin with two spines, and the two transverse, arcuate carinae.</p> <p> <i>Chlinocephalus demissifrons</i> had a stratigraphic range from the Miocene (Italy and probably Spain and Hungary) to the early Pleistocene (Italy). Its report in North Africa enlarges its palaeobiogeographic range around the Proto-Mediterranean Basin.</p>Published as part of <i>Charbonnier, Sylvain, Garassino, Alessandro, Pasini, Giovanni & Chény, Cédric, 2024, Review of brachyuran crabs from the late Miocene (Messinian) of Oran, Algeria, pp. 13-29 in Geodiversitas 46 (2)</i> on pages 23-25, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2024v46a2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10566276">http://zenodo.org/record/10566276</a&gt

    A statistical prescription to estimate properly normalized distributions of different particle species

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    We describe a statistical method to estimate the composition of a sample of particle tracks in terms of the species of these particles. We consider the case when the particle identification information strongly depends on some kinematical variables, whose distributions are poorly known and different for each particle species. We show that the proposed procedure provides a properly normalized estimate of the unknown distributions with minimal assumption on their functional form. Moreover, we show that the method can be generalized to any kinematical distribution of the particles. Published by Elsevier B.V

    Adelaide Ristori. Världsstjärnan som ideal eller avskräckande exempel

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    This article deals with the famous Italian actress Adelaide Ristori (1822–1906) who toured all over the world during the second half of the 19th Century. Her celebrated performan- ces in Stockholm in 1879 and 1880 are witnessed in contem- porary memories, diaries, and biographies, but also in fiction during the 1880s by autors like Emilie Lundberg Elin Améen, Frans Hedberg, and Josefina Wettergrund. While the more biographical articles discuss Ristori’s performances and greatness as an artist, her function in the fictional stories is more symbolic and she is regarded as either a threat or an enticement.</p

    Adelaide Ristori. Artisti drammatici / [reprod. photomécanique d'une lithogr.] Milano, P. Bertotti

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