1,720,954 research outputs found
Development and characterization of a capillary electrophoresis fluorimeter based on two-photon excitation
No full textA capillary electrophoresis fluorimeter has been built based on two-photon excitation. Signal-to-noise enhancements have been investigated in three areas: electronic, optical, and chemical. Major findings include the nonideal behavior in the two-photon detection volume size, the presence of a two-photon absorbing impurity in the walls of quartz capillaries, and the discovery of enzymatic tags suitable for two-photon excitation. The two-photon detection volume was measured by photography and by fitting the fluorescence to a cumulative distribution function and was found to be a factor of seven larger than the size predicted by Gaussian optics. When two-photon excitation was applied to microbore capillaries, a significant chemical blank was observed which originated from the walls of the capillary. The background fluorescence was eventually removed with a spatial filter. Using a 90\sp\circ excitation/collection arrangement with 0.25 numerical aperture microscope objectives, it was determined that the two-photon detection volume was larger than the inner diameter of a 75- i.d. capillary. The truncation allowed the observation of less than 15% of the total observable fluorescence. Six amine-containing fluorophores were evaluated for their use in enzymatic assays using two-photon excitation. After investigating the spectral and chemical properties of 2-naphthylamine, 4-methoxy-2-naphthylamine, 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin, 2-aminoacridone, 6-aminoquinoline, and 5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, it was found that the coumarin tag provided the highest absolute sensitivity while providing the spectral characteristics to allow the rejection of much of the interference caused by the a tagged substrate
Identification and Quantification of Atrazine in the North River Using SPE and HPLC
Get PDFHigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is utilized for the separation, purification, and quantification of viscous and complex analyte mixtures. It is important in that it can analyze and detect low analyte concentrations, which can be useful in many industries, such as food and pharmaceutical industries, as well analyzing environmental samples. The purpose of this project was to identify and quantitate atrazine, an herbicide, in a water sample from the North River (Bridgewater, VA) using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and HPLC
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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