1,720,960 research outputs found
Accelerating versus decelerating toward victory in sports: The impact on psychological momentum
No full textIn sports, athletes’ sense of progress toward desired or undesired outcomes shapes their experience of psychological momentum (PM). However, progress in sports is rarely linear, leading to fluctuations in the perceived velocity of progress. In two studies, we examined how acceleration and deceleration in progress toward victory affect PM in cycling races. In Study 1, participants viewed unfolding curves representing the time gap between two cyclists in a race and judged the outcome expectation, a classical PM dimension. In Study 2, participants experienced the race from a first-person perspective in virtual reality and rated several PM dimensions such as outcome expectation, perceived momentum, and confidence. In both studies, the races simulated either catching up to an opponent (moving toward victory) or losing the lead (moving away from victory), with each occurring at an accelerating, linear, or decelerating rate within the same time frame. In both studies, as hypothesized, we found that moving toward victory elicited more PM than moving away from victory. More importantly, acceleration in the movement toward victory led to the most positive PM responses, while deceleration led to the least, despite the average progress being the same. When moving away from victory, this pattern reversed: acceleration led to the lowest PM responses, while deceleration led to the highest. Together, these studies provide support for the idea that changes in the velocity of progress toward or away from victory play an important role in shaping PM in sports. The dataset contains two SPSS files containing the PM responses from both studies. Additionally, we shared videos of what the virtual reality trials looked like for participants in Study 2
Does gaze direction influence cycling effort?
No full textEffort exertion in cycling can be influenced by the speed of the optic flow to which individuals are exposed. The present study tested whether gazing toward proximal (e.g., the road in front) versus distal areas (e.g., the horizon ahead) would influence cycling effort. We expected that gazing toward proximal areas would generate a feeling of “momentum” and thereby increase cycling efforts. Twenty-eight cyclists completed two 20-minute trials on their bicycle in a VR environment, aiming to outperform the power output they exerted during a baseline trial. Their gaze direction was guided through a virtual frame, either aimed at the road immediately in front of the cyclist (proximal) or at the horizon (distal), in counterbalanced order. A repeated measures ANCOVA, with baseline power as a covariate, showed no significant difference in exerted effort between the proximal and distal conditions, and no significant interaction effect between condition and baseline power.
This finding is not in accordance with previous research, in which occlusions of proximal and distal areas of the visual field did influence cycling efforts. Taken together, the results suggest the importance of peripheral vision in speed perception, which may influence cycling effort. (from the paper's ABSTRACT)
Description of data files:
Dataset gaze direction and cycling effort.sav: dataset for statistical analyses
Dataset RM Cor.csv: dataset for repeated measures correlation analyses
201N.xlsx to 232N.xlsx: power output of each participant throughout the baseline trial
201D.xlsx to 232D.xlsx: power output of each participant throughout the distal trial
201P.xlsx to 232P.xlsx: power output of each participant throughout the proximal trial
201N_Gaze.xlsx to 232N_Gaze.xlsx: gaze coordinates of each participant throughout the baseline trial
201D_Gaze.xlsx to 232D_Gaze.xlsx: gaze coordinates of each participant throughout the distal trial
201P_Gaze.xlsx to 232P_Gaze.xlsx: gaze coordinates of each participant throughout the proximal trial<br
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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