1,721,049 research outputs found
The Languages Spoken in the Nippo-Brazilian Rural Communities of the State of São Paulo and the Perceptions of Three Generations about the “Languages Mixture”
No full textサンパウロ大学, 2008年10月13日-15
Fundamental categories of documents from Japanese scholarly periodicals
No full textNos últimos anos, os estudos de língua japonesa acadêmica mulplicaram-se, dando forma a um novo domínio de pesquisa. Apesar dos avanços no conhecimento de japonês acadêmico, há uma lacuna quanto às categorias de documentos encontradas em periódicos acadêmicos do Japão. Pesquisas passadas privilegiaram documentos do tipo ronbun (artigo), deixando de lado a existência de outras categorias relevantes de publicação. O presente estudo dirige-se a essa lacuna. A fim de identificar as principais categorias de documentos de revistas acadêmicas japonesas, examinaram-se instruções aos autores de periódicos do Japan Science and Technology Information Aggregator, Electronic (J-Stage), base eletrônica de acesso aberto do Japão. Como resultado, seis categorias foram identificadas: ssetsu (teoria compreensiva), shiry (material), kaisetsu (explicação), gencho ronbun (artigo original), shohy (crítica de livro) e tanp (relatório curto). O modo pelo qual as revistas do J-Stage descrevem essas categorias foi retratado mediante a compilação de conteúdo de instruções aos autores. Além disso, as categorias foram caracterizadas quanto à estrutura e ao propósito fundamental aparente por meio do exame de uma amostra de documentos publicados em revistas do J-Stage. Traços linguísticos gerais de documentos de periódicos acadêmicos japoneses foram ainda descritos com base em orientações encontradas em instruções aos autores.In recent years, the body of research on academic Japanese has grown considerably, and a new research domain has emerged. Despite the advances in knowledge of academic Japanese, there is a gap concerning publication categories found in scholarly periodicals from Japan. Past studies focused on documents of the ronbun (article) type, ignoring the existence of other relevant categories. The present study addresses this gap. In order to identify the main publication categories from Japanese scholarly journals, instructions to authors from periodicals found in the Japan Science and Technology Information Aggregator, Electronic (J-Stage)an open-access, electronic database from Japanwere examined. As a result, six categories have been identified: ssetsu (general theory), shiry (material), kaisetsu (explanation), gencho ronbun (original article), shohy (book review), and tanp (short report). The way by which journals from J-Stage describe these categories was depicted by the compilation of descriptions extracted from instructions to authors. Furthermore, the six categories were characterized in terms of structure and visible fundamental purpose by means of an analysis of a sample of documents published in journals from J-Stage. Additionally, general linguistic features of Japanese journal documents were described based on directions found in instructions to authors
The lexical approach in the systematic and explicit teaching of the lexicon for Japanese language learners in regular education setting and as a compulsory subject
No full textA Abordagem Lexical (LEWIS, 1993) se distingue por conferir ao léxico a posição de elemento central no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira. É constituída por princípios que propõem reavaliar a importância do léxico e o tipo de tratamento dado a esse elemento pelos professores e aprendizes durante o processo de aprendizagem da língua-alvo. De fato, esse elemento da língua tem um alto valor, uma vez que perpassa as quatro habilidades linguísticas, configurando-se em fator determinante para a comunicação. No entanto, a complexa natureza multifacetada das palavras e a realidade fluida do léxico dificulta a aprendizagem, acarretando em defasagem da competência lexical. O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar as contribuições do ensino sistematizado e explícito de vocabulário norteado pelos princípios da Abordagem Lexical para a aprendizagem do léxico em língua japonesa, a curto e longo prazo, tanto quantitativamente quanto qualitativamente. Buscamos averiguar se complementar a aquisição incidental com o ensino sistematizado e explícito do léxico norteado pelos princípios da Abordagem Lexical contribui para o desenvolvimento da competência lexical do aprendiz de língua japonesa. Se sim, de que forma e em que medida? Trata-se de uma pesquisa empírica, de natureza aplicada, descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa e delineamento quase-experimental. Para responder ao problema de pesquisa, realizou-se um experimento com duas turmas do sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola particular da região da Grande São Paulo. Um grupo de participantes compôs o grupo experimental e outro o grupo controle. Elaborou-se uma sequência didática desenvolvida nos dois grupos, com a adição de quatro intervenções pedagógicas elaboradas com base nos princípios da Abordagem Lexical apenas no grupo experimental, sendo elas: a) uma aula sobre o conceito de chunks e outra sobre os tipos de itens lexicais; b) exercícios complementares com foco lexical; c) atividades complementares com foco lexical; e d) elaboração de um caderno lexical. Logo após o término da sequência didática e trinta dias depois, os participantes de ambas os grupos responderam ao teste VKS (Vocabulary Knowledge Scale) (WESCHE; PARIBAKHT, 1993). Os dados coletados passaram por um tratamento estatístico e foram analisados descritivamente. Realizou-se também uma análise das respostas escritas, visando identificar evidências de um possível efeito das intervenções pedagógicas no desempenho dos aprendizes. Os resultados das análises indicaram que o grupo experimental teve um desempenho superior ao grupo controle. Com base nisso, concluiu-se que o ensino sistematizado e explícito norteado pelos princípios da Abordagem Lexical contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da competência lexical do aprendiz de língua japonesa no contexto de ensino contemplado nesta pesquisa.The Lexical Approach (LEWIS, 1993) is distinguished by giving the lexicon the central element position in the teaching and learning process of a foreign language. It consists of principles that propose to reevaluate the importance of the lexicon and the type of treatment given to this element by teachers and learners during the process of learning the target language. In fact, this element of the language is important, since it pass through the four linguistic abilities, being configured in determinant factor for the communication. However, the complex multifaceted nature of words and the fluid reality of the lexicon make learning difficult, resulting in a lag of lexical competence. The aim of this research is to verify the contributions of systematized and explicit vocabulary teaching guided by the principles of the Lexical Approach to lexical learning in Japanese, in the short and long term, both quantitatively and qualitatively. We seek to ascertain whether complementing the incidental acquisition with the systematized and explicit teaching of the lexicon guided by the principles of the Lexical Approach contributes to the development of the lexical competence of the Japanese language learner. If so, how and to what extent? It is an empirical research of applied nature, descriptive, with quantitative approach and quasi-experimental design. In order to answer the research problem, an experiment was carried out with two classes of the sixth grade of Elementary School II of a private school in the region of Greater São Paulo. One group of participants was the experimental group and the another was the control group. A didactic sequence developed in both groups was elaborated, with the addition of four pedagogical interventions elaborated based on the principles of the Lexical Approach only in the experimental group, which were: a) a class on the concept of chunks and another on the types of lexical items; b) complementary exercises with lexical focus; c) complementary activities with lexical focus; and d) development of a lexical notebook. Shortly after the end of the didactic sequence and thirty days later, participants in both groups responded to the VKS (Vocabulary Knowledge Scale) test (WESCHE; PARIBAKHT, 1993). The data collected underwent to a statistical treatment and were analyzed descriptively an analysis of written responses was also carried out to identify evidence of a possible effect of pedagogical interventions on the performance of learners. The results of the analyzes indicated that the experimental group performed better than the control group. Based on this, it was concluded that systematized and explicit teaching guided by the principles of the Lexical Approach contributed to the development of lexical competence of the Japanese language learner in the context of teaching contemplated in this research
A study on Japanese onomatopoeia: emphasis on reduplicative forms
No full textA onomatopeia é conceptualizada na língua portuguesa como uma figura de linguagem empregada para reproduzir sons de ações humanas, animais e objetos. Na língua japonesa, contudo, além da perspectivação de ações, situações, fatos e fenômenos meteorológicos, a descrição de estados, sejam eles referentes a elementos concretos ou abstratos, é um traço peculiar das onomatopeias. O problema central reside na compreensão desse fenômeno na língua japonesa e a sua relevância para os estudos japoneses no Brasil. Por esse motivo, esta pesquisa teve como objetivos teóricos: estudar alguns processos de conceptualização segundo a premissa da Linguística Cognitiva, discutir a relação e integração entre som e significado das onomatopeias pela análise de corpus, explorar algumas das várias características presente na modalidade escrita e debater questões terminológicas em face dos diferentes termos possíveis aplicados a onomatopeia. 61 frases foram selecionadas e extraídas de vários materiais. A composição desse material foi efetuada baseada no uso desses termos na língua japonesa. Como resultados, foi possível: 1- Analisar a conceptualização das onomatopeias a partir de pressupostos da Linguística Cognitiva; 2 - Aprofundar o estudo da fonossemântica em relação à integração entre som e significado das onomatopeias; 3 - identificar, analisar e debater algumas das várias características das onomatopeias que as distinguem de termos não considerados como onomatopeias na língua japonesa; 4 - estudar e debater a aplicabilidade de vários outros termos empregados para descrever o mesmo fenômeno referenciado tradicionalmente como onomatopeia. A conclusão do trabalho foi um melhor esclarecimento desse mesmo fenômeno à luz das teorias abordadasOnomatopoeia is conceptualized in the Portuguese language as a figure of speech used to reproduce the sounds of human actions, animals, and objects. In the Japanese language, however, in addition to the perspective of actions, situations, facts, and meteorological phenomena, the description of states, whether referring to concrete or abstract elements, is a peculiar feature of onomatopoeia. The central problem lies in understanding this phenomenon in the Japanese language and its relevance for Japanese studies in Brazil. Therefore, this research had the following theoretical objectives: to study some conceptualization processes based on the premise of Cognitive Linguistics; to discuss the relationship and integration between sound and meaning of onomatopoeia through corpus analysis; to explore some of the various characteristics present in written language; and to discuss terminological issues regarding the different possible terms applied to onomatopoeia. Sixty-one sentences were selected and extracted from various materials. The composition of this material was based on the use of these terms in the Japanese language. As a result, it was possible to: 1. Analyze the conceptualization of onomatopoeia based on assumptions of Cognitive Linguistics; 2. Deepen the study of phonosemantics in relation to the integration between sound and meaning of onomatopoeia; 3. Identify, analyze, and discuss some of the various characteristics of onomatopoeia that distinguish them from terms not considered onomatopoeia in the Japanese language; 4. Study and discuss the applicability of several other terms used to describe the same phenomenon traditionally referred to as onomatopoeia. The conclusion of the work was a better understanding of this phenomenon in light of the theories discusse
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
