6 research outputs found
New frameworks to boost feature selection algorithms in emotion detection for improved human-computer interaction
No full text2nd International Symposium on Brain, Vision and Artificial Intelligence -- OCT 10-12, 2007 -- Naples, ITALYOne of the primary aims in human-computer interaction research is to develop an ability to recognize affective state of the user. Such ability is indispensable to have a more human-like nature in human-computer interaction. However, the researches in this direction are not mature and intensive efforts have only been witnessed recently. This work envisages the possibility of enhancing feature selection phase of emotion detection task to obtain robust parameters which will be determined from verbal information to achieve an improved affective human-computer interaction. As highly informative feature selection is believed to be a more critical factor than classifier itself, recent studies have increasingly focussed on determining features that contribute more to the classification problem. Two new frameworks for multi-class emotion detection problem are proposed in this paper, so as to boost the feature selection algorithms in a way that the selected features will be more informative in terms of class-separability. Evaluation of the selected final features is accomplished by multi-class classifiers. Results show that the proposed frameworks are successful in terms of attaining lower average cross-validation error.ICIP CNR, IISF, EBSA, GIRPR, MARS Ctr, NEATEK SpA, PAN, SINS, Reg CampaniaTUBITAK [104E179]This work has been sponsored by TUBITAK Project under the contract of 104E179. Corresponding author also would like to thank Prof. Dr. J Shawe-Taylor for his hospitality and guidance during the academic visit in the summer of 2006 granted by TUBITAK at University of Southampton and at University College of London
Is Cervicotomy Enough for Removal of Retrosternal Goiters?
No full textOzpolat, Berkant/0000-0002-6203-7306Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical approaches in retrosternal goiters. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 23 patients operated with the diagnosis of retrosternal goiter. Twelve (52%) of the cases were female and 11 (48%) were male. Mean age was 53.8 +/- 10.9 years. Shortness of breath was seen in 12 (52%) of the patients as the most frequent preoperative symptom. On the chest posteroanterior radiography, 18 (78%) cases were found to have tracheal compression. CT images demonstrated retrosternal extension to the level of the aortic arch in all patients. All 23 patients were prepared for a thoracic approach. Results: Among 448 cases operated with the diagnosis of goiter. 23 patients (5.1%) had evidence of retrosternal goiter. Of those 23 patients, only 10 had deep retrosternal extension of the goiter that actually required a thoracic approach. which accounted for 2.2% of all thyroidectomies performed. Total median sternotomy in seven cases, partial sternotomy in two cases and right thoracotomy in one case were performed. Hypoparathyroidism was not detected postoperatively and no hospital mortality occurred. Conclusions: Goiters extending to the mediastinum can be excised successfully by cervical incision. Thoracic approach has an excellent outcome, achieving a safe resection and relieving all symptoms, especially in large or recurrent goiters extending to the mediastinum and with close relation to mediastinal structures
Overcoming bias: Neural Correlates of Judgment Bias and Framing Effects in Cognition of Music
No full textabstract: Prior expectations can bias evaluative judgments of sensory information. We show that information about a performer's status can bias the evaluation of musical stimuli, reflected by differential activity of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Moreover, we demonstrate that decreased susceptibility to this confirmation bias is (a) accompanied by the recruitment of and (b) correlated with the white-matter structure of the executive control network, particularly related to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). By using long-duration musical stimuli, we were able to track the initial biasing, subsequent perception, and ultimate evaluation of the stimuli, examining the full evolution of these biases over time. Our findings confirm the persistence of confirmation bias effects even when ample opportunity exists to gather information about true stimulus quality, and underline the importance of executive control in reducing bias
Esophageal and Gastric Smooth Muscle Activity After Carbon Dioxide Pneumoperitoneum
No full text9th Annual Meeting of the British-Association-of-Paediatric-Endoscopic-Surgeons -- OCT 08-10, 2007 -- Istanbul, TURKEYAydos, Tolga Resat/0000-0002-1832-9336; Soyer, Tutku/0000-0003-1505-6042Background. The metabolic changes associated with carbon dioxide (CO(2)) pneumoperitoneum include metabolic acidosis and lowered intra-abdominal pH values. An experimental study was performed to evaluate the effect of CO(2) pneumoperitoneum on esophageal and gastric smooth muscle sensitivity in response to several agonists. Methods. Wistar albino rats, weighing 200-250 g, were allocated into three groups. After anesthetization with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine, abdominal esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, and gastric fundus were removed via median laparotomy in the control group. In the oxygen (O(2)) group, a 16G catheter was inserted into the abdomen above the umbilicus and insufflated with 95% O(2) and 5% CO(2) with a pressure of 10 mm Hg. In the CO(2) group, CO(2) was insufflated at the same pressure within the same time and the tissues were removed at the end of a 60 min period of pneumoperitoneum. Abdominal esophageal segment (n:6), gastroesophageal junction (n:6) and gastric fundus (n:12) were suspended under 0.5 to 2 g resting tension in Tyrode solution in organ baths. Contraction responses were obtained by carbachol and serotonin and relaxation responses were evaluated by isoproterenol in each group. All the responses were compared by nonparametric Kruskal Wallis test. Results. Carbachol and serotonin induced contractile responses of abdominal segments, gastroesophageal junction, and gastric fundus showed no difference between the control, O(2), and CO(2) groups (P > 0.05). Isoproterenol relaxation responses of the three groups were also not statistically different from each other (P > 0.05). Conclusion. CO(2) pneumoperitoneum of 60 min has no influence on esophageal and gastric smooth muscle responses to different agonists in rats. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.British Assoc Paediat Endoscop Sur
Boosting selection of speech related features to improve performance of multi-class SVMs in emotion detection
No full textThis paper deals with the strategies for feature selection and multi-class classification in the emotion detection problem. The aim is two-fold: to increase the effectiveness of four feature selection algorithms and to improve accuracy of multi-class Classifiers for emotion detection problem under different frameworks and strategies. Although, a large amount of research has been conducted to determine the most informative features in emotion detection, it is still an open problem to identify reliably discriminating features. As it is believed that highly informative features are more critical factor than classifier itself, recent Studies have been focused oil identifying the features that contribute more to the classification problem. In this paper, in order to improve the performance of multi-class SVMs in emotion detection, 58 features extracted from recorded speech samples are processed in two new frameworks to boost the feature selection algorithms. Evaluation of the final feature sets validates that the frameworks are able to select more informative Subset of the features in terms of class-separability. Also it is found that among four feature selection algorithms, a recently proposed one, LSBOUND, significantly outperforms the others. The accuracy rate obtained in the proposed framework is the highest achievement reported so far in the literature for the same dataset. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.TUBITAK Project [104EI79]This work has been sponsored by TUBITAK Project under the contract of 104EI79. Corresponding author also Would like to thank Prof. Dr. J Shawe-Taylor for his hospitality and guidance during the academic visit in the Summer of 2006 granted by TUBITAK at University Of Southampton and at University College of London. We would also like to thank Dr. S. Szedmak for providing the MMR algorithm
Oblique parameters and extra generations via OPUCEM
No full textRecent improvements to OPUCEM, the tool for calculation of the contributions of various models to oblique parameters, are presented. OPUCEM is used to calculate the available parameter space for the four family Standard Model given the current electroweak precision data. It is shown that even with the restrictions on Higgs boson and new quark masses presented in the 2011 Autumn conferences, there is still enough space to allow a fourth generation with Dirac type neutrinos. For Majorana type neutrinos, the allowed parameter space is even larger. The electroweak precision data also appear to favor non-zero mixing between light and fourth generations, thus effectively reducing the current experimental limits on the masses of the new quarks, which assume that the mixing with the third generation is dominant. Additionally, disregarding the lack of a clear Higgs signal from the LHC and focusing only an electroweak precision data comptability, calculations with OPUCEM show that, the existing electroweak data are compatible with the presence of a 5th and also a 6th generation in certain regions of the parameter space. © 2012 The Author(s)
