49 research outputs found
Column solid phase extraction of gold, palladium and copper at trace levels on modified silica gel for their atomic absorption spectrometric determination
No full textA method for the preconcentration of Au (III), Pd (II) and Cu (II) is proposed using a minicolumn filled with silica gel modified by 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl-amino]propyl group (AEAEAP-SG). The retained analytes on the modified silica gel were recovered with a small volume of KCN (potassium cyanide) solution. The metal ions in the eluent were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Different factors, such as the pH of the sample solution, the sample volume, the flow rate of the sample solution, eluent volume, and matrix effects on preconcentration were examined. The recoveries for the analytes under optimum preconcentration conditions were higher than 99%. The limits of detection (delta) for Au (III), Pd (II) and Cu (II) ions were found to be 0.037, 0.021 and 0.013 mu g ml(-1), respectively. Validation of the preconcentration technique described in this study was carried out against the certified reference material (SARM 7B) by determining gold and palladium content. The results showed good agreement with the certified values. Copper was determined in river and seawater. Au, Pd and Cu were determined with relative errors lower than 10%
Determination of heavy metals in roadside soil from Sapanca Area Highway, Turkey
No full textThis paper describes the determination of lead and nickel in soil samples from Kinali-Sakarya highway side, near Lake Sapanca. Lake Sapanca is the drinking water source for Sakarya city and its environment. This highway runs between Ankara and Istanbul and carries a heavy traffic volume. Soil samples were taken from different distances from the highway once every two months for a year. Three sampling sites are distinguished, located in areas characterized by heavy traffic volumes but away from industrial pollution sources. In the solutions obtained by dissolving each soil sample, the metals are determined by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Lead and nickel concentrations ranged from 0.0 to 47.54 and from 0.0 to 58.67 mg/kg, respectively. Nickel accumulations are lower than the world standard, but lead accumulations are above acceptable limit values. The highest lead levels were observed during September, November and March
Architectural Production in State Offices: An Inquiry into the Professionalization of Architecture in Early Republican Turkey
No full textThe study inquires into the modes of operation, relations of production and forms of institutionalization in the architectural scene of the first half of the 20th century in Turkey, the period that witnessed the professionalization of the discipline in the country in the modern sense of the word. The focus of research is the architectural production in the public offices, especially the design office in the Ministry of Public Works, which is responsible for a major portion of the modern construction program that the country underwent in the early Republican era. The dissertation brings in an approach that has not been widely followed in the present architectural history studies on the modern architecture in Turkey. Instead of focusing on architectural products, architect individuals/groups or discursive and theoretical formations of architectural thought, it inquiries into the institutional forms of architectural production and the occupational practices within the profession, and in this context highlights state employment and the production of state offices, which had not been exclusively discussed or even documented before in the relevant literature before, although a significant portion of the architectural production in the early Republican Turkey had been carried on in such offices. The concept of state employment is not only important in its relevance to the actual production, but also is a major issue in the process of professionalization of architecture in Turkey throughout the late Ottoman and early Republican periods. Therefore, the study does not only try to fill a serious gap in the history of the built environment in Turkey, but also attempts to formulize the issue within the context of professionalization of architecture in the country. The discussion follows on certain issues such as; the effect of the character of the professional practice in state offices on the architectural culture and on the quality of the built environment of the time, the role of the civil servant architects in the process of the professionalization of architecture in Turkey, and the discursive and ideological issues that were in question regarding the process. Thus, it is aimed to reassess the architectural culture that was developed in relation to the modernization process of the Republican era in the perspective of the construction of a professional ideology, which has usually been overlooked in the accentuated relation of the architectural discourse to the modernization ideology.Institute of History of Art, Architecture and UrbanismArchitectur
Technical Analysis of 12th World Universities Wrestling Championship Greco-Roman Style Competition
No full textBackground. The purpose of this study was to carry out technical analysis of the 12th World Universities Wrestling Championships Greco-Roman style competition. Methods. There were 70 participants from 18 countries participating in Corum, Turkey. The observation form was prepared before the competitions and recorded by two researchers; technical analysis of the recordings was carried out. During the competitions, the scores obtained, warnings, winning types, successful techniques were recorded in the technical analysis form. In statistical analysis, the percentage distributions for each parameter and match percentage rates were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed by One Way ANOVA and LSD analysis of variance in group comparisons. Results. In the championships all the wrestlers applied 341 technics and collected 535 points. The Light weight groups applied 157 technics and collected 245 points in the 36 matches. The most number of points were collected and made in the light weight group. The heavyweight groups applied 63 technics and collected 116 points in the 19 matches. The least number of points were collected and made in the heavyweight groups. There was a significant difference between the technical and score points according to weight groups (p < .05 and p < .001). The highest number of victories was taken (won by score) in the heavyweight group (83%); the highest number of victories was taken (won by technical pin) in the lightweight group (21%). The highest score was made with passive punishment point in lightweight group (28%), middleweight group (38%) and heavyweight group (33%). The highest scores in the second row were obtained from the techniques of snap down spin behind with (16%) at light weight, high dive takedown at 16.5% in middle weight, and move out of the mat and high dive takedown score at 22% in heavyweight groups. The ratio for one competition (ROC) was received by the number of technical 4.01 and 6.67 points. Conclusion. As a result, the most effective technique in Greco-Roman style given by the referee was passive punishment point in all weight groups. In this case, the wrestlers need to be more active in the standing position around the zone area. In particular, it is suggested to fght tempo wrestling with their arms and chest by fighting against each other and struggle in the standing position.Keywords: World Universities Wrestling, Greco-Roman style, competition analysis
Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin liderlik yönelimlerinin belirlenmesi ve kişilik özellikleri ile ilişkilerinin incelenmesi
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin liderlik yönelimlerinin bazı parametrelere göre araştırılması ve kişilik özellikleri ile ilişkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışma yaşları 18-30 yaş arasında değişen Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinde okuyan öğrencilerden bir grubu (n=362) kapsamaktadır. Çalışmada ölçüm aracı olarak Liderlik Yönelimleri ve Beş Büyük Kişilik Özellikleri anketleri kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel işlemlerde t- test, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve LSD testleri kullanılmıştır. Liderlik ölçeği alt boyutlu olan insana yönelik liderlik birbirine benzer iken, yapısal liderlik, dönüşümsel liderlik ve karizmatik liderlik alt boyutlarında cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Cinsiyete göre beş büyük kişilik özelliklerinde dışa dönüklük ve duygusal denge alt boyutlarında anlamlı farklılık göstermezken, uyumluluk, sorumluluk ve zekâ/hayal özelliği içeren boyutlarda anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur. Spor yaşı değişkenine göre liderlik yönelimleri tüm alt boyutlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur. İnsana yönelik, yapıya yönelik, dönüşümsel liderlik ve karizmatik liderlik yönelimlerinin duygusal dengesizlik ile negatif yönde anlamlı ilişkisi bulunmuştur. Spor fakültesi öğrencilerinin liderlik yönelimleri cinsiyete göre, yarışmacı olma durumuna ve spor yaşına göre değiştiği, buna karşılık okudukları bölüme göre değişmediği sonucuna varılmıştır. Spor fakültesi öğrencilerinin liderlik özellikleri ve olumlu kişilik özelliklerinin daha iyi olması için yarışmalara aktif katılım düzeylerinin artırılması yanında onların yaptıkları spora daha erken yaşlarda başlamaları önerilir
Investigation of Leisure Strategies of Sports Educated Students
No full textIn this study, it was aimed to investigate Leisure time strategies of sports educated students, who going to Fitness Centers. In addition to sports training, the effect of whether or not to compete as a contestant was also examined for Leisure Strategies. A total of 543 men on fitness centers filled up the Scala “Leisure Strategy Scale” before training. Independent t-test in paired comparisons and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) in multiple comparisons and LSD tests were used to determine the difference. A statistically significant difference was found in the leisure strategy subscales and total score according to the age category of University of students (p <0.05). In leisure friendship, the scores of 20 years and under and 21-23 age groups are higher than in the 24 years old and above age group in case of temporary coping and mood improvement. A significant difference was found in all subscales and total scale scores in comparison of leisure strategy subscale and total scores according to income (p <0.05).Conclusion: In addition to sports education, leisure strategies of university students doing sports in Fitness centers differ according to age category and income status. It has that whether or not participating in competitions in sports training students, who going fitness Center does not have a different effect in terms of leisure strategies. In terms of leisure strategies, this study is recommended to be done according to the status of being an amateur and professional athlete in sports-inclined students
Determination of gold, palladium and copper by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after preconcentration on silica gel modified with 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl group
No full textA preconcentration method of gold, palladium and copper based on the sorption of Au (III), Pd (II) and Cu (II) ions on a column packed with 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl bonded silica gel is described. The modified silica gel was synthesized and characterized by FTIR and C, H, N elemental analysis. At column preconcentration, the effects of parameters such as pH, volume, flow rate, matrix constituents of solutions and type of eluent on preconcentration of gold, palladium and copper were studied. The recoveries of Au (III), Pd (II) and Cu (II) were 98.93 +/- 0.51, 98.81 +/- 0.36 and 99.21 +/- 0.42 % at 95 % confidence level, respectively. The detection limits (b) of the elements were 0.032, 0.016 and 0.012 mu g ml(-1), respectively. The preconcentration method was applied for determination of gold and palladium in certified reference material BARM 7B and copper in river and synthetic seawater by FAAB. Gold, palladium and copper were determined with relative error lower than 10 %. (C) Central European Science Journals. All rights reserved
PREDICTION OF WATER CONSUMPTION IN ISTANBUL BY MEANS OF STATISTICAL FORECASTING MODELS & GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)
No full textEnvironmental pollution and future scenarios associated with increasing population foresees the water shortage even water scarcity in parallel to climatic conditions. In large cities, municipalities have to plan and expand their infrastructure investments based on the projects related with water consumption values which are estimated according to population growth using prediction methods. Thus water consumption is vital in large metropolitan city planning. In this study, water consumption of the 39 districts of Istanbul was investigated during the period of 2010-2014. However, in 18 districts of Istanbul, there is no statistically significant established pattern. Main reasons of failures of modelling are considered as migration, restructuring of the administrative borders, and re-planning of the districts as either industrial or commercial districts. In the study, water consumption values of Istanbul are determined by means of statistical forecasting models. The ratio model results are found close to logistic model outcomes. In addition, different properties of the changes in water consumption are evaluated based on periods of years. However, due to the possible differentiations in the scale and development level, similar districts are separated by cluster analysis. Four different water consumption patterns are obtained after the process. Thus, determination of the different patterns is turned out to be more meaningful and their relationships with other parameters are defined for interpretation. When the results were analyzed, extreme changes in 8 districts were figured out. In addition, by using two-phase least mean square method and only by accepting water consumption statistics as associated sequentially; it is possible to obtain and determine units which are not suitable to be used the model. This application presented that, 3 districts whose administrative boundaries were changed, are different from the others. Statistical results were visualized using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Planning can be done using mathematical methods especially in developing cities. As such, effective investment can be considered and supported
Effects of Long-Term Intensive Training in Teenage Male Wrestlers Aged between 12 to 14 Years
No full textThe aim of the study was to investigate the effects of long-term intensive training on biochemical blood parameters of teenage male wrestlers. Material and Methods: 32 healthy boys (12.93 +/- 0.25) were grouped as athletes (A) and control (C). The athlete group joined an intensive training program with a controlled diet for 8 months, whereas control group did not receive any training or diet. Pre- posttest results were analyzed with Paired sample t test and Mann Whitney U test by SPSS 15.0. Development of athletes and control group were alike in terms of height, weight and BMI. Glucose and insulin serum levels decreased in the athlete group, whereas leptin serum levels did not differ among groups in pretest and posttest results. There were no significant differences between pretest and posttest results in terms of cholesterol, triglyceride, creatine and LDL levels, whereas HDL levels (p <= 0.05) were decreased in the athlete group after 8 months training period. Statistically significant increase was observed in uric acid, phosphorus serum levels and platelets (p<0.01) in athlete group. It was concluded that the low-fat diet together with intense training program caused decreased HDL levels and increased uric acid levels in serum which may serve as biomarkers for cardiovascular disease. The intense training program did not cause any muscle damage since creatine levels were not altered but increase in uric acid levels and phosphorus in serum were explained with high oxidative stress as a result of training
