1,720,966 research outputs found
FIGURE 3 in On the identity of some taxa of Pertusaria (lichens) described by C.F.E. Erichsen
No full textFIGURE 3. Holotype of Pertusaria jurana var. confluens in HBG.Published as part of Oset, Magdalena, 2021, On the identity of some taxa of Pertusaria (lichens) described by C.F.E. Erichsen, pp. 165-171 in Phytotaxa 497 (2) on page 168, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.497.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/542392
FIGURE 1 in Typification of two Stereocaulon names (Lecanorales, Ascomycota)
No full textFIGURE 1. Type collection of Stereocaulon botryosum in H-ACH. A, lectotype of S. botryosum. B, Cladonia parasitica. C & D, Stereocaulon alpinum. Denotation of specimens following the rules used for the collection in H- ACH. © Botanical Museum (H), FMNH, University of Helsinki.Published as part of Oset, Magdalena & Kukwa, Martin, 2014, Typification of two Stereocaulon names (Lecanorales, Ascomycota), pp. 188-191 in Phytotaxa 181 (3) on page 189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.181.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/514612
Pertusaria jurana var. confluens Erichsen 1935
No full textPertusaria jurana var. confluens Erichsen (1935 [1936]: 678) Type:—[Switzerland] SCHWEIZ, Jura, Neuenburg, an Wegulmen bei Buttes, 800 m., 03.10.1928, leg. E. Frey (367) (holotype HBG!). Figure 3. The thallus of the type specimen of Pertusaria jurana var. confluens in HBG is quite thick, whitish-grey and sorediate, with a whitish to brownish prothallus. Soralia are grey-whitish, abundant, orbicular to irregular, discrete, and separated from each other (see Sipman 2006) (Figure 3). The presence of variolaric acid has been detected by TLC. The type specimen Pertusaria jurana var. confluens is morphologically and chemically concordant with Ochrolechia turneri (Smith 1801: 857) Hasselrot (1945: 130) (Kukwa 2011). Therefore it should be treated as a synonym of the latter name (Turland et al. 2018). According to Kukwa (2011) there are two other corticolous and sorediate Ochrolechia species with variolaric acid, O. alboflavescens (Wulfen, in Jacquin 1791 [1789]: 111) Zahlbruckner (1927 [1926]: 94) and O. microstictoides Räsänen (1936: 226), which resemble O. turneri. Ochrolechia albofavescens has often well-separated soralia, like O. turneri, but it contains in addition to variolaric acid also fatty acids, lichesterinic and protolichesterinic acids. Ochrolechia microstictoides is very variable in thallus morphology, but in general its soralia are irregular and often confluent, but can be distinguished by the presence of lichesterinic acid, which is produced in addition to variolaric acid (Kukwa 2011). Another species which may produce variolaric acid is Varicellaria hemisphaerica (Flörke 1815: 6) I. Schmitt & Lumbsch in Schmitt et al. (2012: 29). The species is characterized by the pale bluish-grey tinged thallus with an often broad white margin and conspicuous, paler or concolorous, convex soralia. It can be, however, easily differentiated by the presence of lecanoric acid giving C+ carmine red reaction of soralia (Tønsberg 1992; Chambers et al. 2009; Schmitt et al. 2012).Published as part of Oset, Magdalena, 2021, On the identity of some taxa of Pertusaria (lichens) described by C. F. E. Erichsen, pp. 165-171 in Phytotaxa 497 (2) on page 169, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.497.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/542392
Pertusaria inopinata Erichsen 1936
No full textPertusaria inopinata Erichsen (1936: 99) Type:—[GERMANY, Schleswig-Holstein] Bramsted, erratische Blöcke bei Bimöhlen, auf einer Weide, 27.05.1915, leg. Erichsen (lectotype HBG —designated here, Mycobank MB 10000452). Figure 1. The type specimen of Pertusaria inopinata is characterized by a hardly rimose, dark grey to olive-greenish, not areolated thallus, with numerous irregular, rounded, 0.2–0.3 mm wide, grey-whitish to olive-greenish soralia (Figure 1). According to Erichsen (1936) the thallus reacts P+ yellow, K+ yellow, C–and I–. Norstictic acid and traces of lecanoric and gyrophoric acids were detected by own chemical analyses. This name was reported from Denmark (Søchting & Alstrup 2002), Germany (Erichsen 1936) and Poland (Alstrup & Olech 1992). The type of Pertusaria inopinata is morphologically and chemically concordant with Lepra excludens (Nylander 1885: 296) Hafellner, in Hafellner & Türk (2016: 172) (syn. Pertusaria excludens Nyl.). Therefore P. inopinata should be considered as a synonym of L. excludens. During herbarium studies three original specimen of P. inopinata were found in HBG, one collected by Erichsen and annotated as ‘Typus’ consists of two pieces of stone with the same thallus (Figure 1). The other two were cited in the protologue, but collected by Lettau and Schade. All samples studied correspond in morphological and anatomical characters with the description provided by Erichsen (1936). The chemistry of the type specimen annotated as ‘typus’ and other samples were checked by P. James and norstictic acid and traces of lecanoric and gyrophoric acid were detected (Hanko 1983). The presence of these secondary metabolites is confirmed by own research. Hanko (1983) cited as a ‘typus’ the specimen collected by Schade (“ DDR. Sachsen: Leusitzer Niederung 7.1936, Schade, HBG-1213”), but the data presented by Hanko (1983: 201) do not match those given in the protologue by Erichsen (1936: 99), therefore, his typification cannot be considered effective, and consequently, a new lectotype of P. inopinata is designated (Turland et al. 2018). Syntypes of P.inopinata examined. [Germany] Thüringen: Manebach im Thüringer Wald, auf Porphyrsteinchen eines begrasten Waldweges, 750 m, leg. G. Lettau (HBG). [Sachsen] Krs. Bischofswerder, Oberputzkau, 325 m, 29.12.1936, leg. G. Schade (HBG).Published as part of Oset, Magdalena, 2021, On the identity of some taxa of Pertusaria (lichens) described by C. F. E. Erichsen, pp. 165-171 in Phytotaxa 497 (2) on pages 166-167, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.497.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/542392
Pertusaria jurana Erichsen 1935
No full textPertusaria jurana Erichsen (1935 [1936]: 677) Type:—[Switzerland] SCHWEIZ, Jura, Neuenburg, Val Travers, Buttes am Sorbus einer Allé, 850m., 03.10.1928, leg. E. Frey 1294 (lectotype HBG —designated here, Mycobank MB 10000525). Figure 2. The type is characterized by whitish thallus with semiglobose, in part sorediate, scattered or crowded warts. The thallus is zoned at the margin. Soralia with granular soredia are very frequent, whitish to greenish grey (Figure 2). The analysis of secondary metabolites (TLC) showed the presence of fatty acids. Pertusaria jurana was described from Switzerland and the name has later been reported from Europe only (Erichsen 1935 [1936]; Hocevar et al. 1995; Fałtynowicz 2003; Clerc 2004; Knežević & Mayrhofer 2009). It is chemically and morphologically concordant with the present circumscription of Lepra albescens (Hudson 1762: 445) Hafellner (in Hafellner & Türk, 2016: 171) (Chambers et al. 2009) and is thus considered synonymous here. In the protologue Erichsen cited four specimens of Pertusaria jurana, but did not determine any specimen as a holotype. Three of them are deposited in HBG. One sheet collected from Schwiez is annotated as ‘Typus’ with handwritten notes of Erichsen and in this case it should be designated as lectotype (Turland et al. 2018). The type of Pertusaria jurana consists of two pieces of bark with the same thallus. Morphological characters of both correspond to the description in the protolouge. Lepra albescens can be mistaken for the chemically and, when young, also morphologically similar L. ophthalmiza (Nylander 1861: 180) Hafellner (in Hafellner & Türk, 2016: 173). Both species produce fatty acids, but they predominantly differ in the thallus characters: L. albescens produces true soralia with granular soredia, whereas the sorediate warts of L. ophthalmiza contain apothecia (Oset & Kukwa 2010 and literature cited therein). Another similar species is Pertusaria krogiae Archer et al. (2009: 316) from Africa (Archer et al. 2009). The species is characterized by a grey thallus with numerous grey-whitish, raised to subtuberculate soralia; and the presence of lichesterinic, protolichesterinic and allo-protolichesterinic acids and sometimes atranorin. All species listed above are corticolous (Hanko 1983; Archer et al. 2009). Syntypes of P. jurana examined. Montenegro, Lověen, an Rinden, 1929, leg. M . Servít (HBG). [Poland], Ostpreussen, Masuren, Angerburg, an Wegeschen nach dem Heldenfriedhof hin 20.09.1931, leg. C . F.E. Erichsen (HBG).Published as part of Oset, Magdalena, 2021, On the identity of some taxa of Pertusaria (lichens) described by C. F. E. Erichsen, pp. 165-171 in Phytotaxa 497 (2) on pages 167-168, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.497.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/542392
Stereocaulon condensatum Hoffmann 1796
No full textStereocaulon condensatum Hoffmann (1796: 130) Type: —[Germany, Saxony] Rosswein: auf Halden an der Silberwäsche bei Gersdorf im Tal der Freiberger Mulde., October 1931, W. Flössner in Schade, Stolle & Riehmer, Lich. Saxon. Exs. 496 (neotype B–600184305!, designated here). Chemistry: As stated by Lamb (1977) and Oset (2008), the species usually contains atranorin and lobaric acid, but in some collections lobaric acid is lacking (Lamb 1977; Oset 2008). In very few specimens (only known from Poland) atranorin is absent (Oset 2008). In the selected neotype collection atranorin and lobaric acid are present. Comments: Stereocaulon condensatum is characterized by the persistent primary thallus of warty or cylindrical, grey, sometimes bluish, squamulose phyllocladia, the hemispherical, scabrid, brown to black cephalodia containing Stigonema, dark brown apothecia present on the basal phyllocladia or on pseudopodetia and the common production of atranorin and lobaric acid. Pseudopodetia are infrequent, simple or sparingly branched, ± tomentose and up to 1(–2) cm tall (Lamb 1977; Dombrovskaya 1996; Oset 2008). Neither Lamb (1977) nor we could locate the authentic material of Stereocaulon condensatum in herbaria where Hoffmann’s collections are stored at present and thus it should be considered lost. In such a case, the original illustration could be selected as lectotype, however, Hoffmann (1796) did not publish any illustration of S. condensatum in his work. Therefore, a neotypification of this name is required. The species was introduced in Hoffmann’s book dealing with German flora, and for this reason we decided to select a specimen distributed in Schade, Stolle & Riehmer, Lichenes Saxonici Exsiccati. This material conforms to the present circumscription of the species presented by Lamb (1977), Dombrovskaya (1996) and Oset (2008). Selected exsiccatae examined. Asahina, Lich. Japon. Exs. 293 (H). Cummings, Williams & Seymour, Lich. Bor.– Amer. 159 (H). Fałtynowicz & Miądlikowska, Lich. Polon. Exs. 13 (B, BM, H, LBL, LOD, UGDA, UPS). Fries, T., Lich. Scand. Rar. Critic. Exs. 64 (BM). Hansen, Lich. Groenl. Exs. 173 (H). Harmand, Lich. Gall. Rar. Exs. 26 (H). Hakulinen, Lichenoth. Fenn. 1082 (H). Krawiec, Lichenoth. Polon. 71 (BM, LBL, TRN, WA, WRSL). Schaerer, Lich. Helvet. Exs. 828 (WA). Magnusson, Lich. Sel. Scand. Exs. 155 (B, BM, H, sub S. condensatum var. condyloideum). Malme, Lich. Suec. Exs. 486 (H). Nowak, Lich. Polon. Merid. Exs. 59 (BM, BP, H, LBL, LOD, UPS). Suza, Lich. Bohemoslov. 65 (BM, H). Thøgersen, Lich. Norveg. Medit. Exs. 20 (H). Vězda, Lich. Sel. Exs. 143 (BP, H). Vězda, Lich. Sel. Exs. 414 (BM, H).Published as part of Oset, Magdalena & Kukwa, Martin, 2014, Typification of two Stereocaulon names (Lecanorales, Ascomycota), pp. 188-191 in Phytotaxa 181 (3) on pages 189-190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.181.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/514612
Validation of the typifications of Pertusaria atropallida and P. uralensis
Get PDFThe issue of valid publication and typification of Pertusaria atropallida and P. uralensis is discussed. According to Art. F.5.4 ICN the names were published in 2021 invalidly because the author did not provide a registration number in MycoBank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Stereocaulon botryosum Acharius 1810
No full text<i>Stereocaulon botryosum</i> Acharius (1810: 581) <p> <b>Type:</b> —[Switzerland] ‘ Helvetia’, [<i>Schleicher</i>] <i>930</i> ([first-step] lectotype H-ACH 1768!, designated by Lamb [1977: 207]; [second-step] lectotype H-ACH 1768A!, designated here; isolectotype BM-ACH 773!, left-hand specimen).</p> <p> <i>Chemistry:</i> As stated by Lamb (1977) the species contains atranorin and porphyrilic acid and these substances are present in the original material.</p> <p> <i>Comments: Stereocaulon botryosum</i> is characterized by evanescent primary thallus, 1.5 <b>–</b> 2.5 cm tall, branched from the base pseudopodetia, which become fastigiate and cauliflower-like at the tips, glaucous or whitish-grey, grainlike, verrucose or subsquamulose phyllocladia, dark brown cephalodia containing <i>Nostoc</i>, apothecia formed at the end of phyllocladia and the production of atranorin and porphyrilic acid (Lamb 1951, 1977).</p> <p> <i>Stereocaulon botryosum</i> was introduced by Acharius (1810). The main part of his lichen collection is stored at the University of Helsinki, where we found one herbarium sheet (H-ACH 1768) annotated by Acharius as <i>S. botryosum</i> (Figure 1). It consists of four specimens with the note ‘Helvetia’, which corresponds to the information included in the protologue: ‘Habitat ad montes Helvetiae. Schleicher’ (Acharius 1810). The collection is, however, heterogeneous and only one specimen (as H-ACH 1768A) represents <i>S</i>. <i>botryosum</i> as currently understood. The other specimens are <i>Cladonia parasitica</i> (Hoffmann) Hoffmann (1796: 127) (H-ACH 1768B) and <i>Stereocaulon alpinum</i> Laurer in Funck (1827: 6) (H-ACH 1768C and 1768D; both specimens contain atranorin and lobaric acid).</p> <p> The entire gathering in H-ACH was cited by Lamb (1977) as the lectotype, but he did not refer to any of these specimens more directly. There is no Lamb’s annotation label attached to this collection and we suspect that he did not examine it by himself, but possibly saw only the photograph of <i>Stereocaulon botryosum</i> cited in Frey (1933) as ‘Original im Herb. Acharius’. The heterogeneity of the collection was also briefly discussed by Frey (1933), but Lamb (1977) did not refer to repeat that information. Nevertheless, the designation of H-Ach 1768 as lectotype by Lamb (1977) must be accepted. However, as the gathering consists of more than one specimen and moreover it is heterogeneous, the subsequent second-step lectotypification is proposed here in accordance with Art. 9.17 of ICN (McNeill <i>et al.</i> 2012), and the specimen H-ACH 1768A is here selected as the definite lectotype.</p> <p> The collection in BM-ACH also includes original material of this species. The gathering BM-ACH 773 consists of three specimens with the note: ‘ <i>Stereocaulon botryosum</i>. Achar. Lichenogr. Univers.’, but no additional details are provided. Only one of them (left-hand specimen) belongs to <i>S</i>. <i>botryosum</i>. The specimen is morphologically very similar and seems to be part of the material deposited in H-Ach; it is here considered an isolectotype.</p> <p> <i>Selected exsiccatae examined.</i> Arnold, Lich. Exs. 1575 (H, sub <i>S</i>. <i>alpinum</i>). Hansen, Lich. Groenl. Exs. 208 (B–46358), 440 (B–90838, BM), 632 (B–116761), 792 (B–130962). Malme, Lich. Suec. Exs. 979 (B–158701, sub <i>S</i>. <i>fastigiatum</i> var. <i>dissolutum</i>), 979A (H, sub <i>S</i>. <i>fastigiatum</i>). Petrak, Crypt. Exs. Vindob. 3664 (H, sub S. <i>fastigiatum</i> var. <i>dissolutum</i>).</p>Published as part of <i>Oset, Magdalena & Kukwa, Martin, 2014, Typification of two Stereocaulon names (Lecanorales, Ascomycota), pp. 188-191 in Phytotaxa 181 (3)</i> on pages 188-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.181.3.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5146121">http://zenodo.org/record/5146121</a>
- …
