130,756 research outputs found
Push/Pull Effect as Driving Force for Different Optical Responses of Azobenzene in a Biological Environment
No full textThe specific relationship between the alkyl tail lengths of four azobenzene probes embedded in DOPC liquid disorder membrane and their (non) linear optical (NLO) properties have been considered in the current study. Using extensive molecular dynamics calculations, the push/pull effect of the alkyl tails on the position and orientation of the probes in the model membrane are discussed. The simulations indicate that with increasing tail lengths the cis isomers are pushed closer to the membrane surface, while the trans ones are rather pulled toward the membrane center. Throughout hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations, the linear and nonlinear optical properties of these compounds have been investigated. The pushing effect of the tails for cis azobenzene is translated in strong responses in the (non) linear I optical spectroscopies, while the opposite is seen for the trans isomers. The cis isomer can be seen as the active state of the azobenzene compound for membrane recognition. The current work highlights the correlation between the tails of photosensitive membrane probes and their NLO properties, and focuses on unexpected behaviors of azobenzene derivatives in biological environments which can be exploited in distinguishing between soft and stiff cellular compartments that are of utmost importance for ion carrier transport.S.O. acknowledges the National Science Centre, Poland, (Grant UMO-2018/31/D/ST4/01475) for the funding. S.K. is grateful to the Czech Science Foundation through Grant 17-21122S. For the computational time, the authors thank the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) for the medium allocations in 2017 (1-16, 1-102) and 2018 (3-397, 3-156, 3396, 3-23), the Interdisciplinary Center for Mathematical and Computational Modelling (ICM, University of Warsaw) under the GA53-8, GA73-16, and GA76-5 computational grants, and the Flemish Supercomputer Centre (VSC) along with the Herculesstichting (Flanders, Belgium) for the access to the Breniac and Genius clusters.Knippenberg, S (reprint author), Hasselt Univ, Theoret Phys, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Theoret Chem & Biol, Sch Engn Sci Chem Biotechnol & Hlth, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Univ Antwerp, Dept Chem, Res Grp PLASMANT, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys Chem, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Osella, S (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Ctr New Technol, Biol Syst Simulat Lab, PL-02097 Warsaw, Poland.
[email protected]; [email protected]
FIGURES 1 in A taxonomic revision of the genus Baldorhynchus (Di Marco & Osella, 2002) stat. n. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)
No full textFIGURES 1'–1'f —Baldorhynchus baldensis (Czwalina, 1875) topotype ♀: 1'—habitus, dorsal view (scale bar: 1 mm); 1'a—habitus, lateral view; 1'b—rostrum, lateral view; 1'c—pronotum; 1'd—elytra punctuation; 1'e—funicle and club; 1'fspermatheca.Published as part of Bello, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2016, A taxonomic revision of the genus Baldorhynchus (Di Marco & Osella, 2002) stat. n. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae), pp. 1-101 in Zootaxa 4070 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4070.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/105442
Baldorhynchus tedeschii Bello & Osella 2016, sp. n.
No full textBaldorhynchus tedeschii Bellò & Osella sp. n. (Figures 15, 15a, 15b, 15c, 15e, 15f, 89, 106) Troglorhynchus prope brixiensis Osella, 1983: 121, 123. Type locality. “Tampa del Ranzù, N° 3 Lo, 670 m, Dosso Ranzone, Concesio, Brescia” (Fig. 139). Diagnosis. A Baldorhynchus of medium size belonging to the B. blesioi group with elytra ogival or elongateoval. Within the species group, it is recognisable by the sub-ogival elongate elytra with ten striae, punctation of the integuments small, pronotum with the maximum width in the middle and evident scutellum. Punctation of the pronotum small, ordered, strongly sparse and deep. Punctation of the eytra small slightly aligned, feebly impressed and isodiametric. Total length: 4.25–4.45 mm. Elytra with length/width ratio 2.00–2.04. Pronotum length 0.85– 0.95 mm with length/width ratio 1.13–1.15. Type series. Holotype female: [transparent label with genitalia] // ♀ [white, printed] // "IT, Lombardia, Concesio, BS, Tampa del Ranzù, N° 3 Lo, 8 II [20]’14, leg. Bodei e Grottolo” [white, printed] // " Baldorhynchus tedeschii sp. n., Holotype, det. Bellò & Osella, 2015" [red, printed] (GOS). Paratypes: "Concesio, BS, Tampa del Ranzù, N° 3 Lo, 14 III [19] ’85, leg. M. Grottolo” (MGR), 1 female; "I, Lombardia, Concesio, BS, Tampa del Ranzù, N° 3 Lo, 4 III 2013, leg. D. Vailati” (DVA), 1 female". Types are three females. All genitalia were examined. Other material. "IT, Lombardia, Concesio, BS, Tampa del Ranzù, N ° 3 Lo, 8 II [20]’14, leg. Bodei e Grottolo ” (CBE), one female (abdomen); " Lombardia, Brescia, Concesio, m.te Palosso, Tampa del Ranzù, N° 3 Lo, 30 V 1976, leg. D. Vailati ” (GOS), three females (abdomens); "IT, Lombardia, Concesio, BS, Tampa del Ranzù, N° 3 Lo, 2 V 2015, Grottolo leg.” (MGR), two females (abdomens); "I, Brescia, Codolazza, Tampa di Ranzù, 18.3. V [19]81, leg. Kahlen” (TLMF): one female (remains). Holotype. Female. Total length: 4.35 mm. Rostrum elongate, about twice longer than the head; dorsum convex; mesorostrum slightly gibbous, convex in the middle with a short keel; a dozen epistomal setae thin, curved, semi-erect. Antenna slender and elongate with long, semi-erect, thin setae; scape clavate and as robust as funicle. Scape length: 0.90 mm; funicle length: 1.00 mm. Scape length/funicle length ratio: 0.90. Funicle with club ratios as follows: 12: 8: 5: 7: 4: 6: 4: 26 (club); fusiform club with first segment flat, longest of last five funicle segments, at least twice wider than funicle. Head smooth on disc, short, conical. Supraorbital area with dense golden-yellowish pubescence. Vertex width/mesorostrum width: ratio 1.80. Vestigial eyes present, partially covered by golden-yellowish pubescence. Pronotum (length: 0.90 mm, width: 0.78 mm, ratio: 1.15) subcylindrical, sinuate at the base, longer than wide, with maximum width in the middle; short golden erect seta inserted in center of hole; punctation deep, isodiametric and of different widths, uniformly arranged; smooth and shining central area on disc. Scutellum large, excavated, triangular. Elytra convex, elongate with high suture (length: 2.65 mm, width: 1.30 mm, ratio: 2.04), very rounded on sides, widest at basal third and strongly ogive-shaped on declivity. Punctation striae superficial, isodiametric and of the same widths, without setae; interspaces between strial punctation regular and wider than hole. Interstriae wider than striae, flat, smooth with sparse, long and erect setae. Legs thin and elongate, with rather long golden setae. Femora clubbed and edentate. Tibiae with six tooth-like tubercles on inner edge; protibia slightly curved in side view, metatibia and mesotibia straight. Sternite VIII with sides sub-parallel of lamina and with apical margin fused. Spermatheca with cornu developed and ramus and nodulus almost inconspicuous (Fig. 89). Ovipositor weakly sclerotized, gonocoxites tapered, with short styli and several more or less long setae. Variation. All paratypes are similar to the holotype but differ in size. Distribution. See Fig. 129. Italian endemic. Known only from “Tampa del Ranzù” cave at 670 meters of elevation: 45°37’25.43’’N 10°13’26.00’’E on Palosso Mount near Concesio (Brescia). Etymology. Named for the entomologist Michele Tedeschi from Milan as a gift for his companionship. Ecology/Phenology. Interestingly, the specimens were found in the cave along with Baldorhynchus cohabitator, among hanging roots from the ceiling in the first tunnel of the cave (Osella, 1983). The cave opens in limestone of the upper Jurassic (Tithonian—Aptian). It is a horizontal cave with clay soil, 78 meters long (Grottolo in litteris, 2015). Inside it has been reported (Boldori, 1969; Grottolo & Martinelli, 1990; Vailati, 1988) the presence of the following species: Pachydrilus pagenstecheri Ratzel (Enchytraeida), Troglohyphantes ghidinii Lessert (Araneae), Androniscus dentiger calcivagus Verhoeff (Isopoda), Trichoniscus mancinii Brian (Isopoda), Brachydesmus superus Latz. (Myriapoda), Nematophora gen. et sp. (Myriapoda), Polysmus edentulus Koch (Myriapoda), Polymicron latzeli italicum Manfredi (Myriapoda), Heteromurus nitidus Templeton (Collembola), Troglophilus cavicola Kollar (Orthoptera), Mesophylax aspersus Ramb. (Trichoptera), Microptera fissa Mc Lachlan (Trichoptera), Stenophylax permistus Mc Lachlan (Trichoptera), Bolitophila cinerea Meig. (Diptera), Heteromyella atricornis Meig. (Diptera), Limnobia nubeculosa Meig. (Diptera), Rhymosia sp. (Diptera), Allegrettia boldorii Jeannel (Coleoptera), Antisphodrus reissi boldorii Dodero (Coleoptera), Trechus quadristriatus Schr. (Coleoptera), Boldoria aculeata Jeannel (locus classicus) (Coleoptera), Aegopis gemonensis Férussac (Pulmonata). Reproduction. Probably parthenogenetic. Species known only from three females.Published as part of Bello, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2016, A taxonomic revision of the genus Baldorhynchus (Di Marco & Osella, 2002) stat. n. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae), pp. 1-101 in Zootaxa 4070 (1) on pages 46-47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4070.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/105442
Baldorhynchus branchianus Bello & Osella 2016, sp. n.
No full text<i>Baldorhynchus branchianus</i> Bellò & Osella sp. n. <p>(Figures 33, 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 33e, 33f, 63, 122)</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> “Camorelli, 1210 m, Rogno, Bergamo” (Fig. 138).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> A <i>Baldorhynchus</i> species of large size and oval shape belonging to the <i>B. moczarskii</i> group. Within the species group, it is distinguished by elytra sub-ovate, integument reddish-brown and disc of the pronotum plan and shiny. Punctation on the pronotum small, sparse and deep. Elytral punctution small, isodiametric, sparse, deep and perfectly aligned. Total length: 4.95–5.20 mm. Elytra with length/width ratio 1.93– 2.00. Pronotum length 1.00– 1.10 mm with length/width ratio 1.13–1.20.</p> <p> <b>Type series.</b> Holotype, female: [transparent label with genitalia] // ♀ [white, printed] // " Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Rogno, 1210 m, Miniera sotto Camorelli, 26 X 2014, leg. Pedersoli D. " [white, printed] // " <i>Baldorhynchus branchianus</i> sp. n., Holotype, det. Bellò & Osella, 2015" [red, printed] (GOS).</p> <p> <i>Paratypes</i>: " Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Rogno, 1210 m, Miniera sotto Camorelli, 26 X 2014, leg. Pedersoli D." (MGR): one female; "IT, Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Rogno, 1210 m, Miniera sotto Camorelli, 19 X 2014, leg. Pedersoli D." (CBE, DPE): two females; "IT, Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Rogno, 1210 m, Miniera sotto Camorelli, 19 X 2014, leg. Pedersoli D." (CBE, GOS, MGR): 18 females (abdomens); "IT, Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Rogno, 1210 m, Miniera sotto Camorelli, 31 I 2015, leg. Pedersoli D." (MGR): one female; "IT, Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Rogno, Miniera sotto Camorelli, 29 VII 2015, D. Pedersoli legit" (CBE, MGR): two females. Types are twenty-five females and genitalia of seven of them were examined.</p> <p> <i>Other material.</i> "IT, Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Rogno, 1210 m, Miniera sotto Camorelli, 19 X 2014, leg. Pedersoli D. " (CBE): four females (remains).</p> <p> <b>Holotype.</b> Female. Total length: 4.95 mm. Rostrum elongate and covered by dense golden-yellowish pubescence, about twice longer than the head; dorsum convex; mesorostrum rather gibbous; about ten epistomal setae thin, curved, semi-erect. Antenna elongate with long, semi-erect, thin setae; scape clavate and thin as funicle. Scape length: 1.00 mm; funicle length: 1.05 mm. Scape length/funicle length ratio: 0.95. Funicle with club ratios as follows: 13: 9: 6: 8: 5: 6: 5: 29 (club); fusiform club with first segment flat, shorter than last five funicle segments, at least twice wider than funicle. Head smooth on disc, short, conical. Supraorbital area partially covered by dense golden-yellowish pubescence. Vertex width / mesorostrum width: ratio 2.00. Vestigial eyes present, barely visible, covered by dense golden-yellowish pubescence. Pronotum (length: 1.00 mm, width: 0.88 mm, ratio: 1.13) subcylindrical, sinuate at the base, wider in the middle; short golden erect seta inserted in center of hole; deep punctation of different widths and uniformly arranged; smooth little central and longitudinal area on disc. Scutellum small, slightly excavated, triangular. Elytra convex, sub-oval with high suture (length: 2.90 mm, width: 1.50 mm, ratio: 1.93), strongly rounded on sides, widest on basal third and oval shaped on declivity.. Punctation of striae deep, isodiametric, only some with a minute and short seta; interspaces between strial punctation regular and wider than hole. Interstriae more or less as striae, flat, smooth with sparse, short and erect setae.</p> <p>Legs thin and elongate, with rather long golden setae. Femora clubbed and edentate. Tibiae with seven toothlike tubercles on inner edge; protibia slightly curved in side view, metatibia and mesotibia straight.</p> <p>Spiculum ventrale sub-parallel sides of lamina with apical margin fused. Spermatheca with cornu developed, ramus and nodulus inconspicuous (Fig. 63). Ovipositor weakly sclerotized, gonocoxites tapered, with short styli and several more or less long setae.</p> <p> <b>Male.</b> Not known.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> See Fig. 132. Italian endemic. Known only from an old iron mine “Miniera sotto Camorelli” old mine at 1210 meters of elevation: 45°51’19.58’’N 10°6’6.34’’E in Camorelli near Rogno (Bergamo).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Named after Giancarlo Branchi, passionate of minerals, as a gift for the valuable information about the location of several old mines.</p> <p> <b>Ecology/Phenology.</b> The specimens were found in an old mine at 1210 meters of elevation. <i>B. branchianus</i> confirms a wider spread of the <i>B. moczarskii-</i> group even at higher elevations in the Orobian Pre-Alps, as observed for <i>B. baldensis</i> on Monte Baldo.</p> <p> <b>Reproduction.</b> Parthenogenetic.</p>Published as part of <i>Bello, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2016, A taxonomic revision of the genus Baldorhynchus (Di Marco & Osella, 2002) stat. n. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae), pp. 1-101 in Zootaxa 4070 (1)</i> on pages 78-80, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4070.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1054428">http://zenodo.org/record/1054428</a>
Baldorhynchus pedersolii Bello & Osella 2016, sp. n.
No full textBaldorhynchus pedersolii Bellò & Osella sp. n. (Figures 36, 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f, 83, 125) Type locality. “Monte Vaccareggio Ovest, 1250 m, Dossena, Bergamo” (Fig. 144). Diagnosis. A Baldorhynchus species of oval shape and large size species belonging to the B. moczarskii group. Within the species group, it is distinguished for an intermediate body size, the elytra with ten striae, the second funicle segment strongly stretched (almost twice longer than seventh) and the antennal club short. Punctation on the pronotum dense, dull, wrinkled, and quite regularly arranged. Elytral punctation coarse, isodiametric, not dense, deep and regularly aligned. Total length: 5.00– 5.30 mm. Elytra with length/width ratio 1.95–2.00. Pronotum length 1.00– 1.05 mm with length/width ratio 1.11–1.17. Type series. Holotype female: [transparent label with genitalia] // ♀ [white, printed] // "IT-Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Dossena, M.[onte] Vaccareggio Ovest, m 1250, miniera, 12.VIII. [20]14, leg. Pedersoli" [white, printed] // " Baldorhynchus pedersolii sp. n., Holotype, det. Bellò & Osella, 2015" [red, printed] (GOS). Paratypes: "IT-Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Dossena, M.[onte] Vaccareggio, m 1250, miniera vs W., 1.XI. [20]14, leg. Pedersoli D."(DPE): one female; "IT-Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Dossena, M.[onte] Vaccareggio, m 1250, miniera vs W., 1.XI. [20]14, leg. Grottolo M."(CBE, ECO, MGR): four females (three abdomens and a whole); "IT-Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Dossena, Miniera vs W M.[onte] Vaccareggio, m 1250, 29.XI. [20]14, Grottolo M." (MGR): one female (legs and funicle segments partially present); "IT-Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Dossena, Miniera vs W M.[onte] Vaccareggio, m 1250, 28.III. [20]15, Grottolo legt" (MGR): one female (legs and funicle segments partially present); "IT-Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Dossena, M.[onte] Vaccareggio, m 1250, miniera vs W., 12.IX. [20]15, leg. Pedersoli D."(CBE, MGR): two females. Types are ten females. Genitalia of three were examined. Holotype. Female. Total length: 5.30 mm. Rostrum elongate and covered by brown-yellowish pubescence; about twice longer than the head; dorsum convex; mesorostrum rather gibbous; a dozen epistomal setae thin, curved, semi-erect. Antenna strongly slender and elongate with long, semi-erect, thin setae; scape clavate and thin as funicle. Scape length: 1.10 mm; funicle length: 1.15 mm. Scape length/funicle length ratio: 0.96. Funicle with club ratios as follows: 13:9:7:8:5:6:5: 26 (club); fusiform club with first segment flat, longest of last four funicle segments, at least twice wider than funicle. Head smooth on disc, short, conical. Supraorbital area partially covered by brown-yellowish pubescence. Vertex width / mesorostrum width: ratio 2.00. Vestigial eyes present, barely visible, partially covered by brown-yellowish pubescence. Pronotum (length: 1.05 mm, width: 0.95 mm, ratio: 1.11) sub-square, sinuate at the base, wider in the middle; short golden erect seta inserted in center of hole; punctation strongly deep, isodiametric but of different widths and not uniformly arranged; smooth little central area on disc. Scutellum small, slightly excavated, triangular. Elytra convex, elongate-oval with high suture (length: 3.20 mm, width: 1.60 mm, ratio: 2.00), strongly rounded on sides, widest at basal third and ogive-shaped on declivity. Punctation of striae deep, isodiametric but of different widths, only some with a minute and short seta; interspaces between strial punctation regular and less wide than hole. Interstriae less wide than striae, flat, smooth with sparse, short and erect setae. Legs thin and elongate, with rather long golden setae. Femora clubbed and edentate. Tibiae with seven/eight tooth-like tubercles on inner edge; protibia slightly curved in side view, metatibia and mesotibia straight. Sternite VIII with sides sub-parallel of lamina and with apical margin fused. Spermatheca with cornu developed, ramus and nodulus inconspicuous (Fig. 83). Ovipositor weakly sclerotized, gonocoxites tapered, with short styli and several more or less long setae. Male. Not known. Distribution. See Fig. 132. Italian endemic. Known only from an old mine on “Monte Vaccareggio” at 1250 m near Dossena, Bergamo. Etymology. Named after our young colleague Davide Pedersoli as a gift for his ability to discover this interesting new species and for his valuable collaboration on researches in the caves. Ecology/Phenology. Specimens were collected in an iron mine. B. pedersolii confirms a wider spread of the moczarskii- group even at higher elevations in the Orobie Pre- Alps, as observed for B. baldensis on Monte Baldo. Reproduction. Probably parthenogenetic. Species known only from ten females.Published as part of Bello, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2016, A taxonomic revision of the genus Baldorhynchus (Di Marco & Osella, 2002) stat. n. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae), pp. 1-101 in Zootaxa 4070 (1) on pages 84-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4070.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/105442
Solariola obsoleta Bello' & Osella & Baviera 2019, sp.n.
No full textSolariola obsoleta Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. (Figs 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 45i, 70, 70 ’, 113, 156, 199) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4A2AA2E2-0225-4BDB-AB7B-9B2C3AE16D30 Type locality. Calabria, Catanzaro, Le Serre Mountains, Cardinale, 620m (Fig. 250). Diagnosis. A small size Solariola (TL: 2.5 2–2.80 mm; BL: 2.10–2.30 mm) belonging to the gestroi group with more robust body shape. Within the species group, it is recognisable by black–brownish cuticle, elytra sub-parallel to sides, pronotum a lot longer than wide, legs short and robust. Rostrum tapered (RL: 0.35–0.45 mm, RW: 0.20–0.30 mm, RL/RW: 1.50–1.75). Mesorostrum carinae slightly divergent to sides. Forehead convex and wide (FW/MW: 2.00–2.00). Submentum with whitish, flattened, and short pappolepida. Antennae with scape and funicle quite short and thin (SL: 0.50–0.55 mm, FL: 0.65–0.75 mm, SL/FL: 0.73–0.77). Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.60–0.67 mm, PW: 0.50–0.58 mm, PL/PW: 1.16–1.20) without echinopappolepida at base. Small elytra elongate, sub-parallel to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.40–1.67 mm, EW: 0.76–0.90 mm, EL/EW: 1.84–1.86) with elytral setae elongate, semi-erect. Type series. Holotype male with following labels: [genitalia in DHMF] [transparent label] / ♂ [w, p] / Calabria, CZ, Cardinale, 22. V. 2012, leg. Baviera C. [w, hw] / leg. Ruffa D., Sito 3, 22. V. 2012 [w, hw] / Collezione Cesare Bellò, Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] / Solariola obsoleta Holotype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] (CBE). Paratypes. Six specimens (4 males and 2 females) with following labels: Calabria, CZ, Cardinale, 22. V. 2012, leg. Baviera C. [w, hw] / leg. Ruffa D., Sito 3, 22. V. 2012 [w, hw] / Collezione Cesare Bellò, Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] (1 male, CBA); Italy, Calabria, Catanzaro, Cardinale, 620m, sito A, 38°38.951’N 16°24.610’E, 3-22.V.2012, Ruffa D. leg. [w, p] / Collezione Cesare Bellò, Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] (1 male, 1 female CBA; 2 males, 1 fermale CBE). All with label: Solariola obsoleta paratype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p]. Holotype description. Male. See Figs 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e. Elongate–cylindrical body (T L: 2.52 mm, BL: 2.10 mm). Black–brownish cuticle. Rostrum slender (RL: 0.35 mm, RW: 0.20 mm, RL/RW: 1.75), conical to sides with pterygium expanded. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae slightly divergent to sides. Submentum with some pappolepida, whitish, short and not visible around mesorostrum. Interocular pit not visible. Forehead convex and wide (FW/MW: 2.00). Vestigial eyes convex, not small and well visible. Antennae with scape and funicle quite short and thin (SL: 0.50 mm, FL: 0.65 mm, SL/FL: 0.77); AS ratio: 6.5.4.3.3.3.4.10. Scape clubbed, more robust than funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle segments with elongate and thin setae. Club three-segmented, oval, in length less than twice the width, densely covered by thin setae. Pronotum elongate (PL: 0.60 mm, PW: 0.50 mm, PL/PW: 1.20), wider in the middle and without echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible. Elytra oval-elongate and sub-parallel to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.40 mm, EW: 0.76 mm, EL/EW: 1.84), wider at middle with slightly convex suture. Humeri rounded. Striae with 12–13 punctures, catenulate. Interstriae slightly convex, with thin and elongate setae semi-erect. Elytral declivity>60 degrees. Legs short and robust with femora clubbed. Protibia with seven acute spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia slightly sinuous on inner edge and slightly curved in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw. Male genitalia. See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 70; apex of penis Fig. 70 ’; IX sternite Fig. 113. Female genitalia. See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 156; VIII sternite Fig. 199. Sexual dimorphism. Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed. Paratypes variability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotype but differs in size. Distribution. See Figs. 222, 222a. Italian endemic. Known only from Catanzaro, “Le Serre” Mountains, and Cardinale locality at 600–700 meters of elevation. Etymology. Named from Latin word “obsoleta”, damaged in English. Ecology and Phenology. S. obsoleta specimens were collected by Winkler or Berlese extractors from soil obtained sifting the leaf litter of a forest of Quercus sp. with Hedera sp. in May. Main soil type. Dystrict Cambisol (European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012). Reproduction. Amphigonic. Associated species. Sympatric with Pseudomeira erinacea Bellò & Baviera, 2011.Published as part of Bello', Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2019, A taxonomic monograph of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), pp. 1-261 in Zootaxa 4676 (1) on pages 134-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4676.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/346894
Solariola venusta Bello' & Osella & Baviera 2019, sp.n.
No full textSolariola venusta Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. (Figs 28, 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d, 28e, 45m, 74, 74 ’, 117, 160, 203) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 485C0F5E-A760-4087-AFC9-F2B738418A35 Type locality. Calabria, Vibo Valentia, Le Serre Mountains, Spadola, 790m (Fig. 254). Diagnosis. A small–medium size Solariola (TL: 2.5 8– 3.20 mm; BL: 2.15–2.75 mm) belonging to the gestroi group with more robust body shape. Within the species group, it is easily recognisable by black–darkish cuticle, the quite stubby elytra sub-parallel to sides with elytral setae elongate and raised or semi-erect. Rostrum short (RL: 0.35–0.50 mm, RW: 0.27–0.35 mm, RL/RW: 1.30–1.43). Mesorostrum carinae divergent to sides. Forehead convex and wide (FW/MW: 2.00–2.00). Submentum with yellowish, flattened, and short pappolepida. Antennae with scape and funicle elongate and thin (SL: 0.45–0.60 mm, FL: 0.70–0.80 mm, SL/FL: 0.64–0.75). Pronotum more long than wide (PL: 0.57–0.75 mm, PW: 0.52–0.70 mm, PL/PW: 1.07–1.10) without echinopappolepida at base. Elytra elongate–oblong (EL: 1.50–1.95 mm, EW: 0.80–1.03 mm, EL/EW: 1.87–1.90), sub-parallel to sides, dorsally vaulted with elytral setae elongate, raised or semi-erect Type series. Holotype male with following labels: [genitalia in glue] [white label] / ♂ [w, p] / Calabria, Vibo Valentia, Serra S. Bruno, Simbario, 760m, Quercus & Hedera, 18. V. 2012, leg. Ruffa D. (SITO 1) [w, p] / VVSI 3.1 [w, hw] / Collezione Cesare Bellò, Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] / Solariola venusta Holotype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] (CBE). Paratypes. Fourteen specimens with following labels: Calabria, Vibo Valentia, Simbario (2), 12. VI. 2012, leg. Baviera / Collezione Cesare Bellò, Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] (1 male, 1 female, CBE); Calabria, Vibo Valentia, Serra S. Bruno, Simbario, 760m, Quercus & Hedera, 18. V. 2012, leg. Ruffa D. (SITO 1) [w, p] / VVSI 1.1 [w, hw] (1 male, CBA); Calabria, Vibo Valentia, Serra S. Bruno, Simbario, 760m, Quercus & Hedera, 18. V. 2012, leg. Ruffa D. (SITO 1) [w, p] (3 males, CBA); I, Cal. VV, Spadola, 790m, Vaglio Quercus & Hedera, 38°35’40.77’’N 16°20’21.20’’E, 1.V. 2018, Bellò & Baviera leg. / Collezione Cesare Bellò, Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] (1 male, 3 females, CBA; 1 male, 3 females, CBE). All with label: Solariola venusta paratype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p]. Holotype description. Male. See Figs 28, 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d, 28e. Quite stubby oblong body (T L: 2.65 mm, BL: 2.20 mm). Black–darkish cuticle. Rostrum quite slender and short (RL: 0.40 mm, RW: 0.30 mm, RL/RW: 1.33), conical to sides with pterygium expanded. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae divergent to sides. Submentum with some pappolepida, yellowish, short and not visible around mesorostrum. Interocular pit visible. Forehead convex and wide (FW/MW: 2.00). Vestigial eyes very convex, small but well visible. Antennae with scape and funicle elongate and thin (SL: 0.50 mm, FL: 0.75 mm, SL/FL: 0.67); AS ratio: 6.6.4.4.3.3.3.11. Scape clubbed, more robust than funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle segments with elongate and thin setae. Club three-segmented, quite fusiform, in length twice the width, densely covered by thin setae. Pronotum more long than wide (PL: 0.60 mm, PW: 0.55 mm, PL/PW: 1.09), wider in the middle and without echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible. Elytra oblong–elongate and sub–parallell to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.60 mm, EW: 0.85 mm, EL/EW: 1.88), wider at middle with slightly convex suture. Humeri rounded. Striae with 13–14 punctures, catenulate. Interstriae slightly convex, with thin and elongate raised or semi-erect setae. Elytral declivity <60 degrees. Legs short and robust with femora clubbed. Protibia with six acute spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia slightly sinuous on inner edge and straight in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw. Male genitalia. See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 74; apex of penis Fig. 74 ’; IX sternite Fig. 117. Female genitalia. See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 160; VIII sternite Fig. 203. Sexual dimorphism. Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed. Paratypes variability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotype but differs in size. Distribution. See Figs. 222, 222a. Italian endemic. Known from Vibo Valentia, Spadola type locality, at 750– 800 meters of elevation. Etymology. This species is named from the Latin adjective venustus, pretty in English. Ecology and Phenology. S. venusta specimens were collected by Winkler or Berlese extractors from soil obtained sifting the leaf litter of a grove of Oaks and Chestnut trees with Hedera sp., in springtime. Also with pitfall traps. Main soil type. Dystrict Cambisol (European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012). Reproduction. Amphigonic. Associated species. Sympatric with Pseudomeira paganettii (A. & F. Solari, 1907) and Aparopion suturidens Reitter, 1891.Published as part of Bello', Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2019, A taxonomic monograph of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), pp. 1-261 in Zootaxa 4676 (1) on pages 150-154, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4676.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/346894
Baldorhynchus metallarius Bello & Osella 2016, sp. n.
No full textBaldorhynchus metallarius Bellò & Osella sp. n. (Figures 35, 35a, 35b, 35c, 35d, 35e, 35f, 78, 124) Type locality. “Miniera Palio Pignolino, 1020 m, Dossena, Bergamo”. Diagnosis. A Baldorhynchus species of oval shape and large size species belonging to the B. moczarskii group. Within the species group, it is distinguished by elytra with length/width ratio 1.85–1.90 (1.95–2.05 in the other species) and the fourth funicle segment longer than the third (shorter in the other species). Punctation on the pronotum small, shallow and quite regularly arranged. Elytra punctation is not deep, isodiametric, regularly aligned. Total length: 4.80–5.55 mm. Pronotum length 1.00– 1.15 mm with length/width ratio 1.18–1.21. Type series. Holotype female: // ♀ [white, printed] // "IT-Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Dossena, Miniera Palio Pignolino, m 1020, 1.II. 2015, Grottolo leg." [white, printed] // " Baldorhynchus metallarius sp. n., Holotype, det. Bellò & Osella, 2015" [red, printed] (GOS). Paratypes. "IT-Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Dossena, Miniera Palio Pignolino, m 1020, 1.II. 2015, Pedersoli D. leg."(CBE, MGR): five females (legs and funicle segments partially present); "IT-Lombardia, BG [Bergamo], Dossena, Miniera Palio Pignolino, m 1020, 28.III. 2015, Pedersoli D. leg." (MGR): one female (legs and funicle segments partially present). Types are seven (all females) and genitalia only one were examined. Holotype. Female. Total length: 5.55 mm. Rostrum elongate and covered by brown-yellowish pubescence; about twice longer than the head; dorsum convex; mesorostrum not gibbous; a dozen epistomal setae thin, curved, semi-erect. Antenna strongly slender and elongate with long, semi-erect, thin setae; scape clavate and thin as funicle. Scape length: 1.15 mm; funicle length: 1.30 mm. Scape length/funicle length ratio: 0.88. Funicle with club ratios as follows: 15:11:8:9:5:7:5: 33 (club); fusiform club with first segment flat, almost as long as the last five funicle segments, at least twice wider than funicle. Head smooth on disc, short, conical. Supraorbital area partially covered by brown -yellowish pubescence. Vertex width / mesorostrum width: ratio 2.00. Vestigial eyes visible, partially covered by brown-yellowish pubescence. Pronotum (length: 1.15 mm, width: 0.95 mm, ratio: 1.21), sinuate at the base, wider in the middle; short golden erect seta inserted in center of hole; punctation small, shallow, isodiametric but of different widths and quite regularly arranged; smooth little central area on disc. Scutellum small, slightly excavated, triangular. Elytra convex, elongate-oval with high suture (length: 3.30 mm, width: 1.70 mm, ratio: 1.94), strongly rounded on sides, widest at middle and ogive-shaped on declivity. Punctation of striae not deep, isodiametric, regularly aligned, only some with a minute and short seta; interspaces between strial punctation regular and less wide than hole. Interstriae less wide than striae, flat, smooth with sparse, short and erect setae. Legs thin and elongate, with rather long golden setae. Femora strongly clubbed and edentate. Tibiae with seven tooth-like tubercles on inner edge; protibia slightly curved in side view, metatibia and mesotibia straight. Sternite VIII with sides sub-parallel of lamina and with apical margin fused. Spermatheca with cornu developed, ramus and nodulus inconspicuous (Fig. 78). Ovipositor weakly sclerotized, gonocoxites tapered, with short styli and several more or less long setae. Male. Not known. Distribution. See Fig. 132. Italian endemic. Known only from the old mine “Palio Pignolino” at 1020 m near Dossena, Bergamo. Etymology. Derived from the Latin word, metallarius (miner), for the place of the discovery of this unexpected species. Ecology/Phenology. Specimens were collected in an old iron mine. B. metallarius confirms a wider spread of the moczarski - group even at higher elevations in the Orobian Pre- Alps, as observed for B. baldensis on Monte Baldo. Reproduction. Probably parthenogenetic. Species known only from seven females.Published as part of Bello, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2016, A taxonomic revision of the genus Baldorhynchus (Di Marco & Osella, 2002) stat. n. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae), pp. 1-101 in Zootaxa 4070 (1) on pages 82-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4070.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/105442
Baldorhynchus deceptor Bello & Osella 2016, sp. n.
No full textBaldorhynchus deceptor Bellò & Osella sp. n. (Figures 11, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f, 45, 70, 102) Type locality. “Bus del Fich, N° 78 Lo, 260 m, Santuario, Paitone, Brescia” (Fig. 135). Diagnosis. A Baldorhynchus of medium size belonging to the B. blesioi group with elytra ogival or elongateoval. Within the species group, it is recognizeable for the normal size, no smooth areas on the disc of the pronotum and elongate antennal club. Punctation of pronotum large, irregularly arranged, deep and dense. Punctation of the elytra coarse, thick, deep, isodiametric but not regularly aligned. Total length: 4.25–4.90 mm. Elytra with length/ width ratio 2.00–2.07. Pronotum length 0.95–1.10 mm with length/width ratio 1.10–1.20. Type series. Holotype with the following labels: [transparent label with genitalia] // " ♂ " [white, printed] // " Paitone (BS) [Brescia], Buco del Fico, N ° 78 Lo, 15 VI [19]90, leg. Grottolo " [white, printed] // " Baldorhynchus deceptor sp. n., Holotype, det. Bellò & Osella, 2015" [red, printed] (GOS). Paratypes: " Paitone (BS) [Brescia], Buco del Fico, N° 78 Lo, 15 VI [19]90, leg. Grottolo ", (MGR), 1 male; " Lombardia, Paitone (BS) [Brescia], Buco del Fico, 19 VI [19]99, leg. Grottolo ", (MGR), 1 female; " Paitone (BS) [Brescia], Gr. [otta] Büs del Fich, N ° 78 Lo, 13 IV 2007, D. Vailati leg." (DVA; GOS), one male, one female. Types are five (three males and two females). All genitalia were examined. Other material. "Paitone (BS) [Brescia], Gr.[otta] Büs del Fich, N ° 78 Lo, 13 IV 2007, D. Vailati leg." (DVA), two abdomens. Holotype. Male. Total length: 4.25 mm. Rostrum elongate and covered by dense golden-yellowish pubescence, more than twice as long as the head; dorsum convex; mesorostrum gibbous; a dozen epistomal setae thin, curved, semi-erect. Antenna slender and elongate with long, semi-erect, thin setae; scape clavate and as robust as funicle. Scape length: 0.90 mm; funicle length: 0.90 mm. Scape length/funicle length ratio: 1.00. Funicle with club ratios as follows: 11: 8: 4: 5: 4: 5: 5: 29 (club); fusiform club with first segment flat, longest of last five funicle segments, at least twice wider than funicle. Head smooth on disc, short, conical. Supraorbital area partially covered by dense golden-yellowish pubescence. Vertex width / mesorostrum width: ratio 1.71. Vestigial eyes present, partially covered by dense golden-yellowish pubescence. Pronotum (length: 0.99 mm, width: 0.86 mm, ratio: 1.15) sub-cylindrical, sinuate at the base, wider in the middle; short golden erect seta inserted in center of hole; punctation rather deep, isodiametric but of different widths and not uniformly arranged. Scutellum small, excavated, triangular. Elytra convex, elongate-oval with elevated suture (length: 2.46 mm, width: 1.23 mm, ratio: 2.00), strongly rounded on sides, widest at middle and ogive-shaped on declivity. Punctation of striae deep, not isodiametric but of different widths, only some with a minute and short seta; interspaces between strial punctation regular and less wide than hole. Interstriae less wide than striae, flat, smooth with sparse, long and erect setae. Legs thin and elongate, with rather long golden setae. Femora clubbed and edentate. Tibiae with five tooth-like tubercles on inner edge; protibia slightly curved in side view, metatibia and mesotibia straight. Penis lengthened, sub-parallel seen from above and regularly and moderately curved in lateral view; tegmen sclerotize; small genital armature; penis apex as in Fig. 11f. Female. Similar to males only size slightly larger, elytral length 2.85 mm and width 1.40 mm with ratio 2.04. Sternite VIII with sides sub-parallel of lamina and with apical margin fused. Spermatheca with cornu, ramus and nodulus developed (Fig. 70). Ovipositor weakly sclerotized, gonocoxites tapered, with short styli and several more or less long setae. Distribution. See Fig. 129. Italian endemic. Known only from “Bus del Fich” cave at 260 meters of elevation: 45°33’29.40’’N 10°23’28.47’’E in Santuario near Paitone (Brescia). Etymology. For the Latin, word “ deceptor ” (deceptive) since his species was not originally recognized because of its similarity to B. bodeianus sp. n. and B. grottoloi sp.n. Ecology/Phenology. All the specimens were been found in one cave. The cave opens in limestones of the lower Lias (Sinemurian—Hettangiano) (Grottolo in litteris, 2015). Inside it has been reported (Boldori, 1969; Grottolo & Martinelli, 1990; Vailati, 1988) the presence, even in sintopy with B. deceptor sp. n., of the following species: Euscorpius italicus Herbst (Scorpiones), Androniscus subterraneus boldorii Strouhal (Isopoda), Trichoniscus mancinii Brian (Isopoda), Allegrettia boldorii Jeannel (Coleoptera), Antisphodrus reissi boldorii Dodero (Coleoptera), Boldoriella humeralis Dodero (Coleoptera). Reproduction. Amphigonic.Published as part of Bello, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2016, A taxonomic revision of the genus Baldorhynchus (Di Marco & Osella, 2002) stat. n. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae), pp. 1-101 in Zootaxa 4070 (1) on pages 36-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4070.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/105442
Solariola mariaeclarae Bello' & Osella & Baviera 2019, sp.n.
No full textSolariola mariaeclarae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. (Figs 9, 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9 ’, 9’a, 9’b, 9’c, 9’d, 9’e, 9bis, 9bisa, 9bisb, 9bisc, 9bisd, 9bise, 9’bis, 9’bisa, 9’bisb, 9’bisc, 9’bisd, 9’bise, 44i, 55, 55’, 98, 141, 184) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7AE310ED-26C9-4C95-9DC2-4882F05E74E6 Type locality. Sicily, Catania, Calatabiano, Foce Alcantara (Fig. 235). Diagnosis. A large size Solariola (TL: 3.10–3.60 mm; BL: 2.60–3.20 mm) belonging to the doderoi group with slender body shape. Within the species group, it is easily recognisable by brownish cuticle, the mesorostrum covered by whitish-yellowish pappolepida and the elongate elytra with elytral punctures very small. Rostrum quite elongate (RL: 0.50–0.65 mm, RW: 0.35–0.45 mm, RL/RW: 1.33–1.44). Mesorostrum carinae divergent to sides. Forehead convex (FW/MW: ratio 2.30–2.55). Mesorostrum and submentum covered by whitish, compact and elongate pappolepida. Antennae elongate and thin (SL: 0.55–0.70 mm, FL: 0.85–1.00 mm, SL/FL: 0.65–0.72). Pronotum transverse or slightly elongate (PL: 0.70–0.85 mm, PW: 0.65–0.85 mm, PL/PW: 0.95–1.08) with many echinopappolepida at base. Elytra sub-parallel to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.77–2.25 mm, EW: 0.91–1.10 mm, EL/EW: 1.95–2.24. Type series. Holotype male with following labels: [genitalia in DHMF] [transparent label] / ♂ [w, p] / Sicilia, Catania, Calatabiano, S. Marco, Foce Alcantara, vaglio Populus, 01. III. 2013, leg. Baviera C[osimo] [w, p]. / N37°48.368’ E15°15.335’ [w, p] / Solariola alcantarae, Holo [r, hw] / collezione Cesare Bellò / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] / Solariola mariaeclarae Holotype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] (MCIZ). Paratypes. 70 specimens (34 males and 36 females) with following labels: Sicilia: Catania, Calatabiano, S. Marco, Foce Alcantara (Alcantara S 1), 29. VI. 2010, leg. Baviera C. / N37°48.368’ E15°15.335’ (CBA); ibidem, 19. V. 2010, Baviera leg. (CBA, CBE); ibidem, 11. III. 2011, Baviera leg. (CBA); I, Sicilia, Catania, Calatabiano, San Marco, Foce Alcantara, vaglio Populus, 01. III. 2013 / N37°48.348’ E15°15.335’ Baviera leg. (CBA, CBE, LDO); ibidem, 18. XII. 2013, leg. Baviera (CBA, CBE, GOS, LDO, MZUF). All with label: Solariola mariaeclarae paratype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p]. Additional material examined. 20 males and 31 females with following labels: Sicilia: Messina, Graniti, Postoleone, vaglio Quercus, 340m, 19. XII. 2013, leg. Baviera C. / N37°52.770’ E15°12.210’ (CBA, CBE); ibidem, 11. 03. 2015 (CBA, CBE). 1 female: Sicilia, Catania, Castiglione di Sicilia, 600 s.l.m., CTCG1.1, 19. IV. 2010, Leg. Baviera C. (CBA). Additional material examined are fifty-two specimens. Holotype description. Male. See Figs 9, 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e. Body shape slender and subcylindrical (TL: 3.20 mm and BL: 2.70 mm). Brownish cuticle. Rostrum quite elongate (RL: 0.55 mm, RW: 0.40 mm, RL/RW: 1.37), conical to sides with expanded pterygium. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae divergent to sides. Submentum covered by whitish-yellowish pappolepida, also around mesorostrum. Interocular pit visible. Forehead convex (FW/MW: ratio 2.30). Vestigial eyes flat and just visible. Antennae thin and elongate (SL: 0.60 mm, FL: 0.90 mm, SL/FL: 0.67); AS ratio: 8.7.4.3.3.3.3.15. Scape clubbed, slightly more robust than funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle long and quite thin; all antennal segments with short and thin setae. Club three-segmented, elongate-oval, in length twice the width, densely covered by thin setae. Pronotum slightly elongate (PL: 0.70 mm, PW: 0.65 mm, PL/PW: 1.08), wider at middle and with many echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible. Elytra elongate, sub-parallel to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.90 mm, EW: 0.95 mm, EL/EW: 2.00), wider in the middle with just convex suture. Humeri rounded. Striae with 15–16 punctures, catenulate, shallow. Interstriae flat with short and recumbent setae. Elytral declivity>60 degrees. Legs quite slim and elongate with femora clubbed. Protibia with five–six spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia sinuous on inner edge and slightly curved in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw. Male genitalia. See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 55; apex of penis Fig. 55 ’; IX sternite Fig. 98. Female genitalia. See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 141; VIII sternite Fig. 184. Sexual dimorphism. Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed. Paratypes and others specimens variability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotype but differ in size. Specimens not paratypes, differ from those typical for the pronotum as long as wide. Distribution. See Figs. 221, 221a. Sicilian endemic. Known from Catania, Calatabiano, Alcantara River mouth, and Postoleone locality, inside the catchament area of the Alcantara River, at 300–400 meters of elevation. Etymology. This species is named after Maria Chiara, the young daughter of one of us (Baviera). Ecology and Phenology. We collected S. mariaeclarae by Winkler or Berlese extractors from soil obtained sifting the leaf litter on sandy soil sifting Populus sp. (Foce Alcantara) or clay soil (Postoleone) sifting Quercus sp., in winter. Main soil type. Fluvic-Eutric Cambisol (European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012). Reproduction. Amphigonic. Associated species. Sympatric with Pseudomeira obscura (A. & F. Solari, 1907) and Pseudomeira vitalei (Desbrochers, 1892) at the Alcantara River’s mouth and Pseudomeira erinacea Bellò & Baviera, 2010 in Postoleone.Published as part of Bello', Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2019, A taxonomic monograph of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), pp. 1-261 in Zootaxa 4676 (1) on pages 58-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4676.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/346894
- …
