1,720,953 research outputs found
Valoración pronóstica de los pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello mediante el cociente ganglionar ponderado
Full text linkIntroducció En l’àmbit dels carcinomes escamosos de cap i coll (CECC), l’estadiatge dels ganglis limfàtics cervicals és considerat un dels factors pronòstics de més rellevància. D’altra banda, la ruptura extracapsular ganglionar (REC) s’ha associat a un descens important de la supervivència específica a més d’incrementar el risc de recurrència i malaltia a distància. Actualment, l’estadiatge ganglionar patològic (pN) per a pacients amb CECC exposat a la 8a edició del TNM recull informació sobre el nombre, mida, lateralitat i presència de REC. Això no obstant, no informa sobre el nombre total de ganglis extirpats en un buidament ganglionar cervical, ni sobre el nombre de ganglis amb REC, i tampoc sobre la relació entre els ganglis positius i el total de ganglis extirpats (Lymph Node Ratio; LNR). Tot i això, el LNR presenta limitacions: no aporta informació respecte a la REC i tampoc contempla l’extensió del buidatge ganglionar cervical en el cas de pacients pN0. En aquest treball pretenem avaluar la capacitat pronòstica d’un nou paràmetre: el quocient ponderat de ganglis limfàtics o Weighted Lymph Node Ratio (WLNR). Aquest paràmetre nou incorpora informació sobre la capacitat pronòstica del nombre de ganglis amb REC i sobre l’extensió del buidatge en pacients pN0. D’aquesta manera creiem millorar la capacitat pronòstica de la 8a edició de la classificació TNM. Material i mètodes En una primera fase del treball realitzem un estudi retrospectiu a partir d’una cohort de 1.118 pacients afectes de CECC localitzat en cavitat oral, orofaringe, hipofaringe, laringe i localització primària desconeguda diagnosticats des del 1985 fins al 2017 i tractats mitjançant un buidament ganglionar cervi al nostre centre. En una segona fase del treball es va fer un estudi retrospectiu a partir d’una cohort de 197 pacients que provenen de la mateixa base de dades. Es van incloure pacients amb un diagnòstic de carcinoma escatós localitzat a nivell de la cavitat oral, orofaringe, hipofaringe, laringe o amb metàstasis cervicals sense tumor primari conegut tractats al nostre centre amb intenció radical entre 1990 i 2017, amb una recidiva cervical regional tractada amb un buidament ganglionar cervical de rescat Resultats A la primera fase del treball l’anàlisi de partició recursiva va definir quatre categories amb diferències significatives en termes de supervivència específica. La classificació WLNR va tenir més capacitat de discriminació pronòstica i una distribució més homogènia en el nombre de pacients inclosos en cadascuna de les categories que la classificació pTNM. A la segona fase del treball, l’anàlisi de partició recursiva va classificar els pacients en dues categories a partir d’un valor del WLNR del 10,8%. Les diferències en la supervivència específica als 5 anys per als pacients de cadascun dels grups van ser estadísticament significatives. L’anàlisi multivariant va mostrar que el WLNR comptava amb una capacitat pronòstica important. Conclusió En el context de buidaments ganglionars realitzats com a part del tractament oncològic primari, la classificació patològica dels pacients basada en els valors del WLNR va demostrar una millor capacitat pronòstica en comparació amb la 8a edició de la classificació TNM. En el context de buidaments ganglionars de rescat, els resultats de l’anàlisi multivariant van demostrar que, de les variables relacionades significativament amb la supervivència específica, la classificació WLNR va presentar una capacitat pronòstica independent en comparació de la categoria d’extensió regional rpN. En base als nostres resultats considerem que el WLNR es pot considerar una eina útil en l’estadificació postoperatòria de pacients afectes de CECC HPV negatius sotmesos a un buidament ganglionar. A més, proporciona capacitat pronòstica en el cas de pacients afectes de CECC que han patit una recurrència regional tractada amb cirurgia cervical de rescat.Introducción En el ámbito de los carcinomas escamosos de cabeza y cuello (CECC), el estadiaje de los ganglios linfáticos cervicales es considerado uno de los factores pronósticos de mayor relevancia. Por otro lado, la ruptura extracapsular ganglionar (REC), se ha asociado a un importante descenso de la supervivencia específica además de incrementar el riesgo de recurrencia y enfermedad a distancia. Actualmente, el estadiaje ganglionar patológico (pN) para pacientes con CECC expuesto en la 8ª edición del TNM recaba información sobre el número, tamaño, lateralidad y presencia de REC. No obstante, no informa sobre el número total de ganglios extirpados en un vaciamiento ganglionar cervical, ni sobre el número de ganglios con REC, y tampoco sobre la relación entre los ganglios positivos y el total de ganglios extirpados (Lymph Node Ratio; LNR). Sin embargo, el LNR presenta limitaciones: no aporta información respecto a la REC y tampoco contempla la la extensión del vaciamiento ganglionar cervical en el caso de pacientes pN0. En este trabajo pretendemos evaluar la capacidad pronóstica de un nuevo parámetro: el cociente ponderado de ganglios linfáticos o Weighted Lymph Node Ratio (WLNR). Este nuevo parámetro incorpora información sobre la capacidad pronóstica del número de ganglios con REC y sobre la extensión del vaciamiento en pacientes pN0. De esta manera creemos mejorar la capacidad pronóstica de la 8ª edición de la clasificación TNM. Material y métodos En una primera fase del trabajo realizamos un estudio retrospectivo a partir de una cohorte de 1.118 pacientes afectos de CECC localizado en cavidad oral, orofaringe, hipofaringe, laringe y localización primaria desconocida diagnosticados desde 1985 hasta 2017 y tratados mediante un vaciamiento ganglionar cervical unilateral o bilateral en nuestro centro. En una segunda fase del trabajo se realizó un estudio retrospectivo a partir de una cohorte de 197 pacientes que provienen la misma base de datos. Se incluyeron pacientes con un diagnóstico de carcinoma escamoso localizado a nivel de la cavidad oral, orofaringe, hipofaringe, laringe o con metástasis cervicales sin tumor primario conocido tratados en nuestro centro con intención radical entre 1990 y 2017, con una recidiva cervical regional tratada con un vaciamiento ganglionar cervical de rescate Resultados En la primera fase del trabajo el análisis de partición recursiva definió cuatro categorías con diferencias significativas en términos de supervivencia específica. La clasificación WLNR tuvo una mayor capacidad de discriminación pronóstica y una distribución más homogénea en el número de pacientes incluidos en cada una de las categorías que la clasificación pTNM. En la segunda fase del trabajo el análisis de partición recursiva clasificó a los pacientes en dos categorías a partir de un valor del WLNR del 10,8%. Las diferencias en la supervivencia específica a los 5 años para los pacientes de cada uno de los grupos fueron estadísticamente significativas. El análisis multivariante mostró que el WLNR contaba con una importante capacidad pronóstica. Conclusión En el contexto de vaciamientos ganglionares realizados como parte del tratamiento oncológico primario, la clasificación patológica de los pacientes basada en los valores del WLNR demostró una mejor capacidad pronóstica en comparación con la 8ª edición de la clasificación TNM. En el contexto de vaciamientos ganglionares de rescate, los resultados del análisis multivariante demostraron que, de las variables relacionadas significativamente con la supervivencia específica, la clasificación WLNR presentó una capacidad pronóstica independiente en comparación con la categoría de extensión regional rpN. En base a nuestros resultados consideramos que el WLNR puede ser considerado como una herramienta útil en la estadificación postoperatoria de pacientes afectos de CECC HPV negativos sometidos a un vaciamiento ganglionar. Además, proporciona capacidad pronóstica en el caso de pacientes afectos de CECC que han sufrido una recurrencia regional tratada con cirugía cervical de rescate.Introduction In the field of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the staging of the cervical lymph nodes is considered one of the most important prognostic factors. On the other hand, extracapsular lymph node rupture has been associated with a significant decrease in specific survival in addition to increasing the risk of recurrence and distant disease. Currently, pathological lymph node staging (pN) for patients with HNSCC exposed in the 8th edition of the TNM collects information on the number, size, laterality, and presence of REC. However, it does not report on the total number of nodes removed in a cervical lymph node dissection, nor on the number of nodes with REC, nor on the relationship between positive nodes and the total number of nodes removed (Lymph Node Ratio; LNR). However, the LNR has limitations: it does not provide information regarding the REC and it does not consider the extent of cervical lymph node emptying in the case of pN0 patients. In this work we intend to evaluate the prognostic capacity of a new parameter: the Weighted Lymph Node Ratio (WLNR). This new parameter incorporates information on the prognostic capacity of the number of lymph nodes with REC and on the extent of emptying in pN0 patients. In this way we believe to improve the prognostic capacity of the 8th edition of the TNM classification. Methods In the first stage of the work, we carried out a retrospective study based on a cohort of 1118 patients with HNSCC located in the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx and unknown primary location diagnosed from 1985 to 2017 and treated by unilateral or bilateral cervical lymph node dissection. in our center. In a second stage of the work, a retrospective study was carried out from a cohort of 197 patients from the same database. We included patients with a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma located at the level of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx or with cervical metastases without a known primary tumor treated in our center with radical intention between 1990 and 2017, with a regional cervical recurrence treated with a salvage cervical lymph node dissection. Results In the first phase of the work, the recursive partition analysis defined four categories with significant differences in terms of specific survival. The WLNR classification had a greater prognostic discrimination capacity and a more homogeneous distribution in the number of patients included in each of the categories than the pTNM classification. In the second phase of the study, the recursive partition analysis classified the patients into two categories based on a WLNR value of 10.8%. The differences in specific survival at 5 years for patients in each of the groups were statistically significant. Multivariate analysis showed that the WLNR had a significant prognostic capacity. Conclusion In the context of lymph node dissections performed as part of the primary cancer treatment, the pathological classification of patients based on WLNR values showed a better prognostic capacity compared to the 8th edition of the TNM classification. In the context of salvage lymph node dissection, the results of the multivariate analysis showed that, of the variables significantly related to specific survival, the WLNR classification presented independent prognostic capacity compared to the rpN regional extension category. Based on our results, we believe that the WLNR can be considered a useful tool in the postoperative staging of patients with HPV-negative HNSCC undergoing lymph node dissection. In addition, it provides prognostic capacity in the case of patients affected by HNSCC who have suffered a regional recurrence treated with salvage cervical surgery.Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Cirurgia i Ciències Morfològique
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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