1,721,039 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A influência de comorbidades psiquiátricas na adesão ao tratamento por uso de substâncias em uma unidade de internação em Porto Alegre
Get PDFNos Transtornos por Uso de Substância (TUS) um dos maiores desafios consiste na adesão ao tratamento por parte do usuário. Nessa população sabe-se que a desistência no percurso dos atendimentos é significativa, e pode estar relacionada a inúmeros fatores, como por exemplo, a presença de comorbidades, pouca motivação, fissura, falta de envolvimento da família, dificuldade de vínculo com os serviços de atendimento, assim como intervenções terapêuticas descontextualizadas com a realidade do usuário. Aspectos relacionados às comorbidades psiquiátricas associadas ao TUS nem sempre são considerados na investigação, intervenção e conduta terapêutica. A identificação de determinadas comorbidades pode contribuir para um entendimento mais amplo a respeito do paciente e consequentemente no estabelecimento de estratégias mais coerentes de tratamento. O objetivo proposto por esse estudo é avaliar a presença de comorbidades psiquiátricas como fator influenciador na adesão ao tratamento de usuários de substâncias em uma Unidade de Adição do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/RS (UAA/ HCPA). O delineamento de pesquisa foi um estudo de coorte retrospectiva, utilizando um banco de dados secundário de pesquisa realizada e disponibilizado pelo HCPA - “Preditores Clínicos, Biológicos e Psicossociais da Recaída Precoce em Usuários de Crack”, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob o número 14-0249. A amostra foi composta por 399 usuários de álcool e/ou cocaína/crack internados na UAA para desintoxicação e tratamento. O programa terapêutico proposto nessa unidade corresponde a duas fases, correspondendo a Grupo de Desintoxicação (GD) e Grupo de Reabilitação (GR). A adesão foi considerada através da evolução dos pacientes do GD para o GR, no período de internação. Instrumentos como ASI-6 e SCID, e um questionário sobre seus dados sócio demográficos foram aplicados durante a internação. O projeto foi submetido e aprovado pelo Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa - HCPA e Plataforma Brasil. Os resultados encontrados foram que usuários de álcool permanecem mais aderidos no tratamento, evoluindo para o GR, enquanto que usuários de cocaína/crack permanecem em sua maioria no GD. As comorbidades mais prevalentes encontradas foram ansiedade generalizada, fobia social e depressão. Com os resultados, esperamos poder contribuir com as instituições para que as mesmas possam realizar uma avaliação mais completa e, assim, diminuir as taxas de evasão.One of the biggest challenges in Substance Use Disorders (SUD) is the drug user adherence to treatment. In this population, it is known that the dropout rate in the course of care is significant and may be related to numerous factors, such as comorbidities, poor motivation, craving, lack of family support, difficulty of bonding with care services, as well as therapeutic interventions out of context with the drug user context. Aspects related to psychiatric comorbidities associated with TUS are not always considered in research, intervention and therapeutic conduct. The identification of such comorbidities may contribute to a broader understanding of the patient and consequently more coherent treatment strategies may be established. The objective of this study is to evaluate psychiatric comorbidities as an influencing factor in treatment adherence of substance users in an Addition Unit (UAA) of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre / RS (HCPA). The research design was a retrospective cohort study of a secondary database available from the main study - “Clinical, Biological and Psychosocial Predictors of Crack Users”, approved by the Research Ethics Committee under the number 14-0249. The sample consisted of 399 and alcohol and crack/cocaine users admitted to the UAA for detoxification and treatment. The therapeutic program proposed in this unit corresponds to two phases, corresponding to the Detoxification Group (DG) and Rehabilitation Group (RG). Adherence was considered by patients who evolved from DG to RG during hospitalization. Instruments such as ASI-6 and SCID, and a socio-demographic questionnaire were applied during hospitalization. The project was submitted and approved by the HCPA Research Ethics Committee. The results found that alcohol users stay longer in treatment evolving to rehabilitation, while cocaine/crack users remain mostly in the detoxification group. The most prevalent comorbidities found among patients were generalized anxiety, social phobia and depression. With the results, we hope to be able to contribute to the institutions so that they can carry out a more complete assessment and thus decrease dropout rates
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ciência 1080
No full textPesquisadores de UFRGS, Hospital de Clínicas e Unisinos analisaram as taxas de suicídios no Brasil antes e durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Utilizando os dados do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), o grupo investigou se esse período de medo, ansiedade e isolamento interferiu no número de pessoas que tiram a própria vida. Um artigo com os primeiros resultados está para ser publicado na Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria. Para saber mais, o Ciência 1080 entrevista o doutor em Psiquiatria pela UFRGS Felipe Ornell, um dos pesquisadores envolvidos. O estudo mostra que houve estabilidade nas taxas, mas com grandes variações em grupos específicos, como mulheres, negros e idosos. Isso pode indicar que algumas pessoas sofreram mais os efeitos da pandemia.Entrevistas avulsa
Implicações da COVID-19 na saúde mental, nos óbitos por suicídio e no acesso a serviços da rede psicossocial brasileira
Get PDFO objetivo desta tese é compreender e avaliar as implicações da pandemia da COVID-19 em desfechos de saúde mental (SM) e no acesso a serviços da rede de atenção psicossocial brasileira. Para isso, foram realizados três estudos teóricos, desenvolvidos no período inicial da pandemia, e duas investigações originais com análise de dados secundários, concernentes ao primeiro ano da crise. No artigo 1, intitulado “‘Pandemic fear’ and COVID-19: mental health burden and strategies”, foi conduzida uma revisão teórica e, a partir de informações sobre surtos, epidemias e pandemias prévias, buscou-se compreender os potenciais impactos da COVID-19 na SM da população. Estimou-se que estaria ocorrendo uma pandemia de medo paralela à pandemia viral e, como consequência, o cenário da SM da população, que já era preocupante, provavelmente seria agravado. Diante disso, ofereceram-se recomendações iniciais para mitigar o impacto da crise na SM. Com método semelhante, no artigo 2, denominado “The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare professionals”, foram debatidos os reflexos da crise na SM dos profissionais da saúde, que se depararam com as sobrecargas física e emocional decorrentes do aumento do número de casos e de óbitos, e com a ausência de fármacos reconhecidamente eficazes para prevenir ou tratar a doença. Neste manuscrito, também foram sugeridas possíveis estratégias e intervenções para amenizar o impacto da pandemia na SM da população estudada. No artigo 3, “The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on substance use: Implications for prevention and treatment”, foram discutidas as consequências da pandemia na SM de pacientes com transtornos por uso de substâncias. Este grupo é caracterizado pelo alto índice de problemas clínicos e psicossociais e, portanto, particularmente sensível ao estresse pandêmico. Entretanto, o acesso a medidas terapêuticas pode ter sido dificultado em decorrência das medidas de contenção da transmissão do vírus. No artigo 4, “The next pandemic: impact of COVID-19 in mental healthcare assistance in a nationwide epidemiological study”, foram analisados os dados oficiais sobre o acesso a serviços de SM ocorridos no Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro. Observou-se uma redução drástica nos atendimentos de SM ambulatoriais e hospitalares, um aumento das consultas de emergência e de atendimentos domiciliares e a estabilização dos atendimentos por risco de suicídio durante os seis primeiros meses da crise, em comparação ao que seria esperado. No artigo 5, “Differential impact in suicide mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil”, foram avaliados os óbitos por suicídio ocorridos no Brasil, comparando os períodos pré e intracrise. Verificou-se que, apesar da estabilidade geral do número de mortes autoprovocadas, houve um aumento em mulheres e idosos. Análises estratificadas demonstraram que o aumento dos suicídios ocorreu de forma heterogênea entre grupos populacionais de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Houve aumento de suicídios em populações com histórico de dificuldade de acesso à saúde, que podem ter sido severamente impactadas pela pandemia. Em conjunto, esses dados indicam que os impactos da crise pandêmica extrapolam a esfera física e podem agravar o cenário da SM. As consequências da pandemia são múltiplas e podem variar ao longo do tempo. Assim, é fundamental que investigações futuras sigam monitorando desfechos de SM nos próximos anos.The objective of this thesis is to understand and evaluate the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health (MH) outcomes and access to services in the Brazilian psychosocial care network. For this, three theoretical studies were carried out, developed in the initial period of the pandemic, and two original investigations with analysis of secondary data, concerning the first year of the crisis. In article 1, entitled “'Pandemic fear' and COVID-19: mental health burden and strategies”, a theoretical review was carried out and, based on information on previous outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics, an attempt was made to understand the potential impacts of COVID-19. -19 in the MS of the population. It was estimated that a fear pandemic would be occurring parallel to the viral pandemic and, therefore, the population's MS scenario, which was already worrying, would probably be worsened. In view of this, initial recommendations were offered to mitigate the impact of the crisis on MS. With a similar method, in article 2, called “The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare professionals”, the reflexes of the crisis on the MH of health professionals, who faced the resulting physical and emotional overloads, were discussed. the increase in the number of cases and deaths, and the absence of drugs known to be effective to prevent or treat the disease. In this manuscript, possible strategies and interventions were also suggested to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on MS in the population studied. In article 3, “The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on substance use: Implications for prevention and treatment”, the consequences of the pandemic on MS in patients with substance use disorders were discussed. This group is characterized by a high rate of clinical and psychosocial problems and is therefore particularly sensitive to pandemic stress. However, access to therapeutic measures may have been hampered because of measures to contain the transmission of the virus. In article 4, “The next pandemic: impact of COVID-19 in mental healthcare assistance in a nationwide epidemiological study”, official data on access to MH services in the Brazilian Unified Health System were analyzed. There was a drastic reduction in outpatient and hospital MH visits, an increase in emergency consultations and home visits, and a stabilization of visits for suicide risk during the first six months of the crisis, compared to what would be expected. In article 5, “Differential impact in suicide mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil”, the deaths by suicide that occurred in Brazil were evaluated, comparing the pre-and intra-crisis periods. It was found that, despite the general stability in the number of self-inflicted deaths, there was an increase in women and the elderly. Stratified analyzes showed that the increase in suicides occurred heterogeneously among population groups from different regions of Brazil. There has been an increase in suicides in populations with a history of difficult access to healthcare, which may have been severely impacted by the pandemic. Taken together, these data indicate that the impacts of the pandemic crisis go beyond the physical sphere and can worsen the MH scenario. The consequences of the pandemic are multiple and can vary over time. Thus, it is essential that future investigations continue to monitor MS outcomes in the coming years
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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