1,637 research outputs found
Cut-elimination, substitution and normalisation
No full textDate of Acceptance: 01/2015We present a proof (of the main parts of which there is a formal version, checked with the Isabelle proof assistant) that, for a G3-style calculus covering all of intuitionistic zero-order logic, with an associated term calculus, and with a particular strongly normalising and confluent system of cut-reduction rules, every reduction step has, as its natural deduction translation, a sequence of zero or more reduction steps (detour reductions, permutation reductions or simplifications). This complements and (we believe) clarifies earlier work by (e.g.) Zucker and Pottinger on a question raised in 1971 by Kreisel.Peer reviewe
I remember teaching English at Seabrook
No full textIn this "I remember" memoir, Isabell Waugh, a former teacher at Seabrook, compares and constrasts the different groups of students she taught. She remembers that native-born American teenagers tended to be more concerned with athletics and social activities, than academic matters. In comparison, Estonian and Japanese parents did not tolerate low academic performance, so students from the two groups often competed intensely with each other for academic achievement and recognition. Isabelle recalls that the Estonians were, in general, more sophisticated and better educated. Most of the children knew 3-5 languages, and were more advanced in math and science. She sensed that some Estonian parents felt that their homes at Seabrook were temporary, and that they would be returning to Estonia at some point. The Seabrook Educational and Cultural Center has been soliciting current and past residents of Seabrook Farms for an "I remember" project. Residents are asked to create narratives regarding their experiences at Seabrook Farms. These memories help preserve the history and multi-cultural heritage of Seabrook Farms
Isabelle Bell to Susan Niemcewicz, December 23, 1800
No full textIsabelle Bell wrote to Susan U. Niemcewicz in Elizabethtown, New Jersey. Bell expressed her disappointment in not receiving a line from Susan. She sent Bell Lucretia Rephans subscription epistle, but Susan refrained from writing a letter to her. Bell did not execute any of Susan’s commissions in New York because her time there was short. Miss Resham heard that Mr. B Livingston told his sister, Mrs. J. Livingston that he would offer Bell a salary to live in his house and take charge of his children’s education. Asked if Susan what she thought of her being an author and if Susan would subscribe to a small volume that may have the good fortune to rival the poems of the immortal Scarron.https://digitalcommons.kean.edu/lhc_1800s/1143/thumbnail.jp
Interviews with Carl T. Bode, Isabelle Fritschen, Joseph H. Hirt, Mary G. Hirt, and Minnie Campbell
No full textInterviews with Carl T. Bode, Isabelle Fritschen, Joseph H. Hirt, Mary G. Hirt, and Minnie Campbell. The recording includes a variety of German-language songs. The last half of the recording is dedicated to Minnie Campbell telling about her time working for Mother Bickerdyke. The first few minutes of the recording are missing. 00:00:13 - Song, The Messenger Bird sung by Joseph H. Hirt and translated by Isabelle Fritschen 00:01:35 - Song, Birdie in the Window, sung by Mary Gertrude Hirt 00:02:59 - Story of Peter John Thielen\u27s experience in the Franco-Prussian War told by Joseph Hirt 00:05:27 - Grandfather\u27s experience with wild cattle told by Isabelle Fritschen 00:07:31 - Carl T. Bode introduction 00:08:46 - Nursery rhyme about hands 00:09:09 - The Cuckoo and the Donkey 00:09:42 - Sleep Baby Sleep 00:10:24 - Golden Evening Sun 00:11:00 - Beautiful Moon 00:12:10 - My Homeland 00:13:50 - Minnie Campbell Introduction 00:14:05 - Experiences as Mother Bickerdyke\u27s secretary 00:14:35 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s 81st birthday celebration in Bunker Hill, KS 00:19:59 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s portrait 00:23:55 - How Lydia Foster, Mother Bickerdyke\u27s Black maid came to live with her. 00:26:34 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s death 00:29:34 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s burial in Galesburg, Illinois 00:30:28 - Working for Mother Bickerdyke 00:34:01 - Going to School as a student of James Bickerdyke, Mother Bickerdyke\u27s son 00:35:26 - Decline of Bunker Hill, KS 00:37:15 - Russell stealing the county seat from Bunker Hill 00:38:09 - Closing of the Dorrance, KS bank 00:39:00 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s personality 00:42:34 - Experience with Nina Brown Baker author of Cyclone in Calico 00:48:24 - Mother Bickerdyke Home for Widows and Children in Ellsworth, KS 00:51:13 - Post scripthttps://scholars.fhsu.edu/sackett/1014/thumbnail.jp
Design of networks based on responsive interlocked molecular architectures
No full textLa nature représente une source d'inspiration inépuisable pour les scientifiques. Depuis de nombreuses années, les chimistes se sont attaqués à la synthèse totale de produits naturels de plus en plus complexes. Ces efforts ont conduit non seulement à la préparation d’analogues artificiels possédant des propriétés inédites, mais également à la découverte de nouvelles réactions.Bien que de nombreuses générations de chimistes aient été inspirées par la structure des produits naturels, l’imitation des processus utilisés par la nature pour la synthèse des composés organiques a reçu beaucoup moins d'attention. Afin de préparer les molécules essentielles à leur survie, les systèmes vivants utilisent des réseaux moléculaires hautement sophistiqués, constitués de composants interconnectés comme l'ADN, l'ARN, les protéines et les petites molécules. Ces réseaux moléculaires fabriquent des produits naturels extrêmement complexes en contrôlant la formation et la rupture de liaisons chimiques de manière très efficace. Au cours de ces processus, les systèmes vivants utilisent souvent des machines moléculaires fonctionnant de manière processive. Par exemple, des machines moléculaires naturelles telles que la polycétide synthase, l'ADN polymérase ou le ribosome sont intégrées dans des réseaux biochimiques conçus pour la construction itérative de macromolécules naturelles tels que les biopolymères. De plus, ces processus de synthèse sont principalement régulés par des stimuli externes (ATP, pH, enzymes…) qui permettent de contrôler rigoureusement le processus de synthèse.La conception de réseaux moléculaires artificiels, pouvant rivaliser avec les processus naturels de synthèse, pourrait apporter un nouveau paradigme en chimie organique. Ainsi, l'objectif de ces travaux de recherche est de développer des réseaux moléculaires bio-inspirés et programmés pour la synthèse itérative de molécules organiques. Dans ce projet de recherche fondamentale, nous proposons d’étudier un réseau moléculaire polyvalent dédié à la préparation d'une large gamme de composés organiques. Ce dernier sera constitué (1) d’un amplificateur catalytique à base de caténane et (2) d’une machine moléculaire artificielle à base de rotaxane imitant la processivité des polymérases naturelles.Nature represents an inexhaustible source of inspiration for scientists. For many years, chemists have tackled the total synthesis of increasingly complex natural products made by living organisms. These efforts led not only to novel unnatural analogues with interesting properties for various applications, but also to the discovery of novel chemical reactions.While many generations of chemists have been inspired by the structure of natural products, the mimic of the processes used by nature for the synthesis of organic compounds has received far less attention. In order to prepare molecules essential to their survival, living systems employ highly sophisticated networks of interconnected components like DNA, RNA, proteins and small molecules. Such molecular networks allow nature to create extremely complex natural products by controlling chemical bonds forming and breaking in a very efficient fashion. Along these processes, living systems often utilize molecular machines operating in a processive manner. For instance, natural molecular machines such as polyketide synthase, DNA polymerase or the ribosome are integrated within biochemical networks for the stepwise catalytic construction of biomolecules, including biopolymers. Furthermore, these synthetic processes are mainly regulated by external stimuli (ATP, pH, enzymes…) enabling the preparation of natural products in a stringently controlled way. Thus, given the remarkable efficacy of biological systems for the synthesis of complex compounds, the design of artificial chemical networks that could rival with synthetic processes found in nature may brought a new paradigm in organic chemistry. Within this framework, the aim of this research project is to develop bio-inspired molecular networks programmed for the iterative synthesis of organic molecules. In this basic research project, we hypothesized that the combination of (1) a catenane-based catalytic amplifier and (2) an artificial rotaxane-based molecular machine mimicking the processive mechanism of natural polymerases, will enable the “one pot”, stepwise and versatile synthesis of a wide range of different organic compounds
Formalization of Isabelle Meta Logic in NuPRL
No full textNuPRL and Isabelle are two general purpose theorem provers. Both of them are based on a version of Constructive Higher Order Type Theory. In an earlier work the author has proposed an informal semantics of Isabelle Meta Logic in an extension of NuPRL Type Theory. An automated converter, based on this semantics, has been developed, that translates Isabelle theorem statements into NuPRL. This work presents a formalization of the above semantics in NuPRL. It starts with a deep embedding of Isabelle type and term syntax into NuPRL Constructive Type Theory. Next, two internal NuPRL functions are defined. One of them maps Isabelle types into NuPRL types and the other maps Isabelle terms into elements of appropriate NuPRL types. These two functions provide an interpretation of Isabelle in NuPRL. Finally, interpretations of all Isabelle Meta Logic rules are proven as theorems in some classical extension of NuPRL Type Theory. This formalization is aimed to provide a more secure foundation for the interaction between two systems
Study of programed molecular systems
No full textLes systèmes moléculaires sont constitués d'unités distinctes, qui se coordonnent pour permettre l'émergence d'une propriété, ou d'un comportement complexe. Les molécules entrelacées, et notamment les rotaxanes, sont des composés particulièrement adaptés à la réalisation de tels systèmes, en raison de la liaison mécanique qui les caractérise. Grâce au développement impressionnant des stratégies de synthèse permettant d'accéder de façon efficace à diverses architectures entrelacées, de nombreux systèmes fonctionnels ont été développés, et nous nous proposons d'enrichir ce panel à travers trois exemples.Nous avons élaboré le premier rotaxane enzymo-sensible capable de libérer sélectivement un agent anticancéreux, grâce aux actions successives de deux hydrolases. L'originalité de ce système réside dans l'ouverture contrôlée du macrocycle, qui conduit au désassemblage des constituants entrelacés. Notre rotaxane enzymo-sensible est stable dans le plasma et déclenche de façon autonome l'activité du paclitaxel au sein des cellules cancéreuses.Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons étudié la synthèse stéréosélective de rotaxanes présentant une chiralité mécanique et ses applications dans le cadre du contrôle du mouvement à l'échelle moléculaire.Enfin, le dernier projet concerne le développement d'un système moléculaire capable de mimer le fonctionnement d'une enzyme. Ce système doit être en mesure de fonctionner de façon catalytique au sein d'un mélange pour conduire à la formation sélective d'une molécule parmi une multitude de possibilités.Molecular systems are composed of distinct units that coordinate to allow the emergence of a property, or a complex behavior. Within this framework, the design of functional interlocked molecules programmed to perform specific tasks in response to an external stimulus has received considerable attention. The main goal of this thesis is to enrich this field of research through the study of three novel such functional systems. First of all, we developed the first enzyme-sensitive [2]rotaxane designed to release a potent anticancer drug within tumor cells. The molecular device includes a protective ring that prevents the premature liberation of the drug in plasma. However, once located inside cancer cells the [2]rotaxane leads to the release of the drug through the controlled disassembly of the mechanically interlocked components, in response to a determined sequence of two distinct enzymatic activations.We also studied the stereoselective synthesis of chiral rotaxanes with the aim to control the direction of the motion at molecular level. These [2]rotaxanes include a thread with two identical triazole stations that can interact with an unsymmetrical fluorinated macrocycle in the presence of cupper (I). We demonstrated that the interaction of the macrocycle with one or the other of the stations lead to the synthesis of two mechanical diastereoisomers.Finally, we attempted to develop a molecular system able to mimic the operation of an enzyme in a complex mixture. This system was designed to allow the selective formation of one particular molecule among several other possibilities in a catalytic way
Security modeling and correctness proof using Specware and Isabelle
No full textSecurity modeling is the foundation to formal verification which is a core requirement for high assurance systems. This thesis explores how security models can be built in a simple and expressive manner using the Metaslang specification language in Specware. The models are subsequently translated, via the Specware to Isabelle Interface, to be proven for correctness in Isabelle which is a generic, interactive theorem proving environment. It is found that the translation between Specware and Isabelle is almost seamless and there is much potential in the use of Isabelle/HOL to discharge proof obligations that arise in developing Specware specifications, although the actual proving requires substantial knowledge and experience in logical calculus.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.Outstanding ThesisSingapore ST Electronics Ltd. author (civilian).http://archive.org/details/securitymodeling10945383
Isabelle/DOF: Design and Implementation
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Springer Verlag via the DOI in this record17th International Conference, SEFM 2019
Oslo, Norway, September 18–20, 2019DOF is a novel framework for defining ontologies and enforcing them during document development and evolution. A major goal of DOF is the integrated development of formal certification documents (e. g., for Common Criteria or CENELEC 50128) that require consistency across both formal and informal arguments. To support a consistent development of formal and informal parts of a document, we provide Isabelle/DOF, an implementation of DOF on top of the formal methods framework Isabelle/HOL. A particular emphasis is put on a deep integration into Isabelleâs IDE, which allows for smooth ontology development as well as immediate ontological feedback during the editing of a document. In this paper, we give an in-depth presentation of the design concepts of DOFâs Ontology Definition Language (ODL) and key aspects of the technology of its implementation. Isabelle/DOF is the first ontology language supporting machine-checked links between the formal and informal parts in an LCF-style interactive theorem proving environment. Sufficiently annotated, large documents can easily be developed collabo- ratively, while ensuring their consistency, and the impact of changes (in the formal and the semi-formal content) is tracked automatically.IRT SystemX, Paris-Saclay, Franc
La construction d'un monde professionnel : entrées des jeunes praticiens dans la médecine générale
No full textIsabelle Baszanger
The young general practitioners in the medical field.
Using interviews with young medical doctors (general practitioners) the author studies the ways they organize their empirical practice (as opposed to theoretical knowledge) and constructs a typology which caracterizes specific modes of professionnal socialization. This leads the author to evaluate the social dimensions of the role of general practitioners.La socialisation professionnelle des étudiants en médecine implique la formation d'un univers conceptuel qui est une sorte de compromis entre le savoir médical et la pratique quotidienne. A partir d'entretiens avec de jeunes médecins généralistes l'auteur a étudié comment les jeunes médecins organisent leur pratique et construit une typologie reflétant ces mécanismes particuliers de socialisation.
Cette analyse conduit l'auteur à s'interroger sur la dimension sociale du rôle du médecin généraliste telle qu'il la perçoit.Baszanger Isabelle. La construction d'un monde professionnel : entrées des jeunes praticiens dans la médecine générale. In: Sociologie du travail, 25ᵉ année n°3, Juillet-septembre 1983. pp. 275-294
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