1,721,096 research outputs found
Polypharmacy and major adverse events in atrial fibrillation: observations from the AFFIRM trial
No full textBACKGROUND:
Polypharmacy, as the use of five or more drugs, has commonly been associated with the elderly and multiple co-morbidities and related to impairment of clinical state and adverse outcomes, in general population. Limited data are available on the relationship between polypharmacy and adverse outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF). We describe the prevalence of polypharmacy and AF, and its association with major adverse events, such as stroke and cardiovascular (CV) death.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
For this study, we analysed all AFFIRM Trial patients with complete pharmacological data. Polypharmacy was recorded in 40 % of 4056 AF patients. The crude incidence of CV death was 3.45 % patient-years among patients with polypharmacy, vs 1.65 % patient-years without polypharmacy. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with polypharmacy had a higher cumulative incidence of CV death (p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that female gender (p = 0.038), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.029), previous myocardial infarction (MI) (p = 0.004), prior stroke (p = 0.011) and polypharmacy (p = 0.029) were independently associated with CV death. Polypharmacy was associated with an adjusted relative risk of 1.30 (95 % CI 1.03-1.64) for CV death. A linear increase in the number of drugs was significantly associated with CV death. No significant association was found with stroke occurrence.
CONCLUSIONS:
Polypharmacy is highly prevalent in AF patients and associated with a worse clinical outcome, conferring 30 % excess relative risk for CV death. Thus, polypharmacy may be a health status marker. Strategies to reduce inappropriate prescription and polypharmacy should be tested in prospective longitudinal studies of AF patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Systolic blood pressure visit-to-visit variability and major adverse outcomes in atrial fibrillation. The AFFIRM study (Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management)
Get PDFHypertension and atrial fibrillation predict major adverse events independently. Visit-to-visit variability (VVV) in systolic blood pressure (SBP) predicts outcomes beyond SBP itself, but risk associated with SBP-VVV in atrial fibrillation remains uncertain. We evaluated relationships between SBP-VVV, quality of oral anticoagulation control, and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation. Data from the AFFIRM trial (atrial fibrillation follow-up investigation of rhythm management) were analyzed. SBP-VVV was defined according to SD of SBP (SBP-SD) during follow-up. SBP-VVV was categorized by quartiles (1st, <10.09; 2nd, 10.09-13.85; 3rd, 13.86-17.33; and 4th, >= 17.34 mm Hg) and as a continuous variable. Among the original cohort, 3843 (94.7%) patients were eligible. Time in therapeutic range and percentage of international normalized ratio in range were progressively lower by quartiles (both P<0.001). An inverse linear association existed between SBP-SD and time in therapeutic range/percentage of international normalized ratio in range (P<0.001). After a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 3.6 (2.7-4.6) years, stroke and major bleeding rates progressively increased by SBP-VVV quartile (both P<0.001). Patients in the 4th quartile had the highest rate of cardiovascular and all-cause death (P=0.005 and P<0.001). A Cox multivariate analysis confirmed that 3rd and 4th quartiles were associated independently with a higher risk for stroke (P=0.042 and P=0.004) and major bleeding (P=0.009 and P<0.001). Patients in 4th quartile had also a higher risk for all-cause death (P=0.048). SBP-SD as a continuous variable was associated with increased risk for all outcomes. In conclusion, SBP-VVV is inversely associated with quality of anticoagulation control and independently predicts major adverse outcomes. Management of blood pressure variability may improve outcomes in atrial fibrillation
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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