1,720,967 research outputs found
Headstone of Oliver & Alice O'Dell.
No full textHeadston of Oliver & Alice O'Dell. Possibly in Rose Hill Cemetery in Ardmore
The benefits of nostalgia within spatial environments for people with and without Alzheimer’s disease
No full textNostalgia, a sentimental longing for the past, is a mostly positive, social emotion. The regulatory model of nostalgia proposes that the emotion is triggered by adverse psychological and physical states. In turn, nostalgia counters those threatening states and facilitates psychological equanimity. My first objective was to extend this model to a new environmental threat; spatial anxiety, that is, apprehension and fear about environmental navigation. To date, there are no experimental inductions of spatial anxiety. In Chapter 2, I addressed this lacuna and developed a novel protocol for inducing spatial-anxiety within a virtual environment. Then, in Chapter 3, I tested the regulatory model of nostalgia in relation to spatial anxiety. In Experiment 3.1, I implemented the validated spatial-anxiety induction (developed in Chapter 2) and demonstrated its effect on nostalgia. Experiment 3.2 and 3.3 installed wall-mounted nostalgic (versus non-nostalgic) pictures within a virtual environment to assess its effect on spatial anxiety. Passive and active navigation of a nostalgic (versus non-nostalgic) environment reduced spatial anxiety. Nostalgia assuages spatial anxiety during navigation. As well as curtailing adverse conditions, nostalgia serves a number of psychological functions, including social connectedness, self-continuity, meaning in life, self-esteem, and positive affect. The second objective of this thesis was to investigate the potential benefits of nostalgia among a clinical population that experiences navigation difficulties in daily life. In Chapter 4, I further developed the pictorial nostalgia induction of Chapter 3 and implemented it among people living with Alzheimer’s disease. In Experiment 4.1, I generated wall-mounted nostalgic (versus non-nostalgic) pictures associated with the decade during which middle-aged older adults lived most of their childhood. Then in Experiment 4.2, I interviewed people with Alzheimer’s disease about fond memories from their past and selected personal images corresponding each event. Nostalgic (versus non-nostalgic) pictures boosted social connectedness, self-continuity, meaning in life, self-esteem, and positive (but not negative) affect. Among people with Alzheimer’s disease, the nostalgic landmarks enhanced picture recognition (but not spatial memory). This work holds real-world applications, in particular, for dementia-friendly design
Dataset supporting the University of Southampton Doctoral Thesis "The benefits of nostalgia within spatial environments for people with and without Alzheimer’s disease" Empirical paper I "Induction of spatial anxiety in a virtual navigation environment"
No full textThis dataset is supporting the University of Southampton Doctoral Thesis "The benefits of nostalgia within spatial environments for people with and without Alzheimer’s disease".
This dataset supports Empirical paper I, "Induction of Spatial Anxiety in a Virtual Navigation Environment." The spatial anxiety induction procedure is available for free use. The software package and instruction manual can be downloaded on the following site, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/UQ4V7
When using the route-learning task, please cite:
Oliver. A., Wildschut, T., Parker, M. O., Wood, A. P., & Redhead, E. (2022). Induction of Spatial Anxiety in a Virtual Navigation Environment. Behavior Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-022-01979-1
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Dataset supporting the University of Southampton Doctoral Thesis "The benefits of nostalgia within spatial environments for people with and without Alzheimer’s disease" Empirical paper II "Nostalgia assuages spatial anxiety"
No full textDataset supporting the University of Southampton Doctoral Thesis "The benefits of nostalgia within spatial environments for people with and without Alzheimer’s disease." This dataset supports Empirical Paper II, "Nostalgia assuages spatial anxiety."
The data comprises 3 experiments, presented in excel files.
The experiments files and analysis scripts are available for download at the:
Oliver, A., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Parker, M. O., Wood, A., & Redhead, E. (2024, February 13). Nostalgia Assuages Spatial Anxiety. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/ET7AZ
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Induction of spatial anxiety in a virtual navigation environment
No full textSpatial anxiety (i.e., feelings of apprehension and fear about navigating everyday environments) can adversely impact people’s ability to reach desired locations and explore unfamiliar places. Prior research has either assessed spatial anxiety as an individual-difference variable or measured it as an outcome, but there are currently no experimental inductions to investigate its causal effects. To address this lacuna, we developed a novel protocol for inducing spatial anxiety within a virtual environment. Participants first learnt a route using directional arrows. Next, we removed the directional arrows and randomly assigned participants to navigate either the same route (n = 22; control condition) or a variation of this route in which we surreptitiously introduced unfamiliar paths and landmarks (n = 22; spatial-anxiety condition). The manipulation successfully induced transient (i.e., state-level) spatial anxiety and task stress but did not significantly reduce task enjoyment. Our findings lay the foundation for an experimental paradigm that will facilitate future work on the causal effects of spatial anxiety in navigational contexts. The experimental task is freely available via the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/uq4v7/)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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