2,080 research outputs found
The Salvadoran Willie Horton: MS-13, electoral politics, and racialized fear mongering
No full textPeer reviewe
Conceptual and empirical obstacles in defining MS-13: law-enforcement perspectives
No full textResearch Summary
Past and present gang scholarship is marked by debate as to the appropriate criteria for defining gangs and gang membership. Mara Salvatrucha, or MS-13, highlights some obstacles in conceptualizing gangs and operationalizing gang membership. Although MS-13 has generated attention in recent years, little systematic criminological research exists on the gang. Drawing on in-depth interviews and surveys of law-enforcement gang experts, we link longstanding issues of gang definition and measurement to MS-13 in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area.
Policy Implications
Gang and immigration enforcement are inextricably linked in the case of MS-13. The ambiguous, contested, and varied means by which gangs are defined and labeled may result in the overpolicing and overcriminalization of young immigrants of color and youth of color in general. Beyond unsubstantiated police stops, arrests, convictions, and gang enhancements, such labeling practices may lead to collateral immigration consequences including deportation and permanent bars to reentry into the United States.Peer reviewe
[Review of] Presumed criminal: Black youth and the justice system in postwar New York, by Carl Suddler
No full textThe common law tradition and prescriptive philosophy of parens patriae is an underlying justification for juvenile justice systems in the United States. Under this framework, the sovereign is the “father figure” charged with caring for its subjects, which include accounting for poor, destitute, and otherwise guardian-less children. These paternalistic values are found both within and beyond juvenile justice contexts. Consistent with the early origins of institutional corrections in the United States, these rehabilitative and redemptionist frameworks were created by white people to account for the wayward or deviant souls of other white subjects. In Presumed Criminal – Black Youth and the Justice System in Postwar New York, Carl Suddler (2019) empirically documents how black youth in New York City were never subject to an ethos of care or rehabilitation that ostensibly dominated the foundational purpose of juvenile justice institutions. Instead, “black youths faced a more punitive justice system by the post-war era that restricted their social mobility and categorically branded them as criminal – a stigma they continue to endure” (p. 5). The text contributes to carceral studies by showing how black youth were historically criminalized in Harlem, and how the events in New York City can help us understand unresolved conflicts and contradictions in race, criminalization, and justice policy
Prenatal care advice to see a dentist: results from a population-based study
No full textMeredith L. Vandermeer (Department of Public Health, Oregon State University), Kenneth D. Rosenberg (Office of Family Health, Oregon Department of Human Services), Alfredo P. Sandoval (Oregon Health & Science University).Title from PDF caption (viewed on August 14, 2020).This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
The germline- and tissue-specific effects of endogenous point-mutant p53
No full textThesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 2005.Vita.Includes bibliographical references.p53 is frequently altered in human tumors through missense mutations that result in accumulation of mutant p53 protein. These mutations may confer dominant-negative or gain-of- function properties to p53. To ascertain the physiological effects of tumor-associated point- mutations in p53, the structural mutant p53R172H and the contact mutant p53R270H (codons 175 and 273 in humans) were engineered into the endogenous p53 locus in mice. p53R270H/+ and p53R172H/+ mice are mouse models of Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS). They developed allele- specific tumor spectra that were distinct from p53+/- mice and that better reflect the broad spectrum of tumors found in LFS patients. Dominant effects that varied by allele and function were observed in primary cells derived from these mice. In addition, p53R270H/- and p53R172H/- mice developed novel tumors compared to p53-/- mice, including hemangiosarcomas and variety of carcinomas. These data support a gain-of-function effect by mutant p53 toward the development of epithelial and endothelial tumors. Furthermore, conditional mutant p53 alleles were used in combination with a conditional activated K-ras allele to generate mouse models of advanced lung adenocarcinoma. In this system, the effects of endogenous mutant p53 were found to be both allele-specific and tissue- specific. This work provides insight into the spectrum of p53 mutations in human cancers and demonstrates that point-mutant p53 alleles expressed under physiological control have enhanced oncogenic potential beyond the simple loss ofp53 function.bu Kenneth Paul Olive.Ph.D
Impact of scour on lateral resistance of wind turbine monopiles: An experimental study
No full textThe majority of offshore wind structures are supported on large-diameter, rigid monopile foundations. These piles may be subjected to scour due to the waves and currents that causes a loss of soil support and consequently decreases the pile capacity and system stiffness. The results of numerical models suggest that the shape of the scour hole affects the magnitude of pile capacity loss; however, there is a dearth of experimental test data that quantify this effect. This paper presents a series of centrifuge model tests on an instrumented model pile that investigates the effects of scour-hole geometry on the response of a laterally loaded pile embedded in sand. The pile instrumentation allowed load–displacement and p–y (soil reaction – displacement) curves to be derived. Three scour geometries (global, local wide, and local narrow) and three scour depths (1D, 1.5D, and 2D; where D is pile diameter) were modelled. For all three scour types, pile moment capacity decreased almost linearly with increase of scour depth. Simple empirical relations were proposed to evaluate the detrimental influence of scour on the pile moment capacity. A new method has been developed to allow designers to quantify the effect of scour-hole shape and severity of scour on the pile response.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Geo-engineerin
The community in rural America
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index.This revised edition of The Community in Rural America, by Kenneth P. Wilkinson presents Wilkinson's ground-breaking work in its original form and contains a new foreword aimed at clarifying several key concepts in interactional theory.--Provided by publisher
Discrete mathematics and its applications / Kenneth H. Rosen.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. B-1 - B-7) and index.xxii, 843, A-15, B-7, S-90, C-1, I-18 pages.
suppl_fig_1_10-12-2018 – Supplemental material for Proteomic analysis of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells reveals that microtubule-associated protein 2 upregulation associates with taxane treatment
No full textSupplemental material, suppl_fig_1_10-12-2018 for Proteomic analysis of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells reveals that microtubule-associated protein 2 upregulation associates with taxane treatment by Tessa Ya Sung Le Large, Btissame El Hassouni, Niccola Funel, Bart Kok, Sander R. Piersma, Thang V. Pham, Kenneth P. Olive, Geert Kazemier, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven, Connie R. Jimenez, Maarten F. Bijlsma and Elisa Giovannetti in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p
supplemental_figure_3 – Supplemental material for Proteomic analysis of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells reveals that microtubule-associated protein 2 upregulation associates with taxane treatment
No full textSupplemental material, supplemental_figure_3 for Proteomic analysis of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells reveals that microtubule-associated protein 2 upregulation associates with taxane treatment by Tessa Ya Sung Le Large, Btissame El Hassouni, Niccola Funel, Bart Kok, Sander R. Piersma, Thang V. Pham, Kenneth P. Olive, Geert Kazemier, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven, Connie R. Jimenez, Maarten F. Bijlsma and Elisa Giovannetti in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p
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