1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Laser induced effects in carbon nanotubes : implications for Raman characterization of functionalized systems
No full textCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted attention over the past decade because of their outstanding mechanical and electronic properties. These tiny tubular shells made of carbon atoms can be metallic or semiconducting and while having diameters of only about one nanometer (10-9 m), they can be up to centimeters in length, making them quasi one-dimensional (molecular wires). Along with a Young's modulus several times that of steel, CNTs are close to perfect (ballistic) electric conductors and conduct heat better than diamond. This makes them candidates for a variety of applications from nanoscale electronics and composites reinforced with CNTs on the molecular level to nano-actuators and high performance flatscreen displays.Beside electron microscopy, no other experimental method has been employed more in research on carbon nanotubes than Raman spectroscopy since it can noninvasively probe single CNTs and provide direct information about their molecular properties, for example, diameter and chirality. That is possible because in the case of CNTs Raman scattering is resonantly enhanced, giving an increase in signal by a factor of 106. Due to their high surface energy and the van der Waals inter-tube interactions, carbon nanotubes naturally form bundles of up to hundreds of tubes. Heat dissipation in CNT bundles is inefficient and, as a result, their exposure to high incident laser power causes overheating and results in several thermal effects dominating the Raman spectrum. The high cost of CNT production has strongly impeded design of "pure nanotube" functional materials, thus shifting the focus of CNT materials research to creation of CNT-based composites. Such new multifunctional materials, based on the outstanding physical properties of nanotubes, are created by mixing relatively small amounts of CNTs with polymers or metals (matrix). This is still a big challenge because of poor dispersion of CNT bundles in the matrix and weak bonding of the nanotubes to the surrounding host (matrix) molecules. One proposed solution to solve the latter problem is to establish bonding of CNTs to the matrix via functional groups covalently attached to the CNT surface, i.e., to use so-called "functionalized" CNTs in composites.The aim of this work is to explore the possibilities of using Raman spectroscopy for expressive characterization of functionalized CNTs, the source material for synthesis of CNT-based composites. CNTs produced by two synthesis techniques, with different diameter distributions, were probed using several laser excitations. Evaluating the efficiency of the functionalization process requires first determination of the intrinsic spectroscopic properties of the pristine (non-functionalized) CNTs. Because functionalization is carried out on bundled CNTs, a detailed investigation of whether the incident laser irradiation causes thermal effects in the sample during Raman experiments was performed in order to find experimental protocols for recording the intrinsic (unperturbed by heating) spectrum of the CNT bundles. From this study a set of "reference conditions" defining laser irradiance levels that do not result in overheating of the CNT bundles was established. Exceeding these laser irradiation levels (thresholds) first results in reversible changes of the Raman spectrum due to heating, while further increase of the laser irradiation leads to irreversible changes in the spectra and, hence, destruction of the CNTs in the sample. Evaluation of this destruction demonstrates its dependence on CNT diameter and high sensitivity to photon energy. Additional experiments show that in some cases a similar instability of the Raman spectra and irreversible destruction of the CNTs occur at laser irradiation levels below those that increase sample temperature. Finally, we used the "reference" laser irradiation regimes to characterize the effects of CNT sidewall functionalization. Specifically, HiPCO-produced, single-walled CNTs functionalized by methoxypenyl functional groups were studied in detail and the influence on the three main vibrational bands investigated. Results from analysis of the radial breathing mode band show that the functionalization process is selective and depends on both nanotube diameter and type
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