4 research outputs found
Pattern Of Refractive Errors At Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
No full textObjective: The objective of this paper is to determine the prevalence and pattern of cases of refractive error reported at the eye clinic of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife (OAUTH).
Methodology: All consecutive new patients seen at the eye clinic of the OAU Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, between October 1997 and September 1998 were examined. Those patients who complained of difficulty in seeing near or far objects, whose vision improved with the pinhole or those who had difficulty doing close work like reading or threading needles were refracted by the author.
Results: Out of the 1,550 new patients seen within the period of study, eight- hundred and sixty eight (54.9%) had refractive errors. Refractive errors were twice as common among the females than the males in this study. Myopia was the commonest spherical error (22.7%). The highest degree was -12.0DS. Presbyopia was present in 31.8% of the patients. The youngest age of presentation for presbyopia was 36 years. Astigmatism occurred in 55.8% of the patients seen. Most of the patients (68.3%) had myopic astigmatism. One of the two patients who had anisometropia had developed amblyopia in the more hypermetropic eye.
Conclusion: Since refractive errors were found to be very common in this study increased health education and provision of adequate, affordable and modern facilities for correction of refractive errors are highly recommended.
Nigerian Journal of Ophthalmology Vol. 11(2) 2003: 76-7
Oral hormonal therapy with ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel improves insulin resistance, obesity and glycogen synthase kinase-3 independent of circulating mineralocorticoid in estrogen-deficient rats
Get PDFEstrogen deficiency has been associated with increased cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and recent clinical trials of standard formulations of hormonal therapies have not demonstrated consistent beneficial effects. Estrogen-progestin therapy has been used as exogenous estrogen to normalise depressed estrogen level during menopause. Ovariectomized rodents mimic estrogen-deficient state in that they develop cardiometabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance (IR).We therefore hypothesized that hormonal therapy with combined oral contraceptive steroids, ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel (EEL) improves IR, obesity and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) through reduction in circulating mineralocorticoid level in ovariectomized rats. Twelve week-old female Wistar rats were divided into four groups; sham-operated (SHM) and ovariectomized (OVX) rats treated with or without EEL (1.0µg ethinylestradiol and 5.0µg levonorgestrel) daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that OVX or SHM+EEL-treated rats had increased HOMA-IR, 1-h postload glucose, HOMA-β, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), TC/HDL-cholesterol, TG/HDL-cholesterol, plasma insulin, GSK-3, corticosterone and aldosterone. On the other hand, OVX+EEL treatment ameliorated all these effects except aldosterone. Taken together, the results demonstrate that oral hormonal replacement with EEL improves IR, pancreatic β-cell function, suppresses GSK-3 and glucocorticoid independent of circulating aldosterone, suggesting a positive cardiometabolic effect of oral EEL therapy in estrogen-deficient state.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
KAJIAN KRITIS TERHADAP ROMAN LARASATI KARYA PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER
Get PDFABSTRACT This study examines the Larasati romance by Pramoedya Ananta Toer based on critical studies or Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK). The objectives of the study are to describe (a) macro structure (theme), (b) author’s cognition in creating romance, (c) ideology contained in the Larasati romance by Pramoedya Ananta Toer, and (d) plans for its implementation in Indonesian Language learning in High School. The form of this research is qualitative research with descriptive method. The data used in this research are the quotations of sentences and paragraphs taken from romance. The source of data is Larasati romance by Pramoedya Ananta Toer, the 5th print in 2010. The technique for data obtaining is documentary study and the tool is a note card. Techniques to test the data validity is triangulation and discussion with colleagues. Data analysis is done by analyzing the contents of the text. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that: (1) Macro structure (theme) is revolution after independence; (2) Author cognition reflected in the Larasati novel by Pramoedya Ananta Toer are: a) artist, b) imprisoned, and c) the names of several characters in a romance such as (a) Chaidir who is meant as Chairil Anwar, (b) Prime Minister who is meant as Soetan Sjahrir or Amir Sjarifuddin Harahap (c) Jassir who is meant as HB Jassin. (3) Political ideology found in the novel Larasati by Pramoedya Ananta Toer are a) racist ideology and b) class conflict ideology. There are three things that present the existence of racist ideology, that are: a) Japan as an invader and Indonesia as colonized; (b) The Dutch as invaders and Indonesia as colonized; and (c) Nica versus Republikein. (4) Considering the curriculum, the purpose of literary learning, how to choose materials, and aspects of readability, the Larasati romance by Pramoedya Ananta Toer can be implemented in Indonesian Language learning in high school especially in XII grade. Recommendation: Larasati romance can be used as material for Indonesian Language learning in high school. Keywords: Critical Analysis, romance, macro structure, author cognition, political ideolog
Abstracts of Tanzania Health Summit 2020
Get PDFThis book contains the abstracts of the papers/posters presented at the Tanzania Health Summit 2020 (THS-2020) Organized by the Ministry of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC); President Office Regional Administration and Local Government (PORALG); Ministry of Health, Social Welfare, Elderly, Gender, and Children Zanzibar; Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania (APHFTA); National Muslim Council of Tanzania (BAKWATA); Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC); & Tindwa Medical and Health Services (TMHS) held on 25–26 November 2020. The Tanzania Health Summit is the annual largest healthcare platform in Tanzania that attracts more than 1000 participants, national and international experts, from policymakers, health researchers, public health professionals, health insurers, medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, private health investors, supply chain experts, and the civil society. During the three-day summit, stakeholders and decision-makers from every field in healthcare work together to find solutions to the country’s and regional health challenges and set the agenda for a healthier future.
Summit Title: Tanzania Health SummitSummit Acronym: THS-2020Summit Date: 25–26 November 2020Summit Location: St. Gasper Hotel and Conference Centre in Dodoma, TanzaniaSummit Organizers: Ministry of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC); President Office Regional Administration and Local Government (PORALG); Ministry of Health, Social Welfare, Elderly, Gender and Children Zanzibar; Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania (APHFTA); National Muslim Council of Tanzania (BAKWATA); Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC); & Tindwa Medical and Health Services (TMHS)
