21 research outputs found
Auswirkungen des Sprachenlernens in der Erwachsenenbildung auf das Selbstwertgefühl. "Ich wollte ein besseres Ich" - die Erzählung einer Geflüchteten
No full textScholars have recognised language learning as important and in fact as part and parcel of the settling down process of migrants. In this paper, the author presents the narrative of a refugee who started with language classes and was attending university at the time of the research. This article emanated from empirical research the author carried out with asylum seekers and refugees in Italy. Drawing on Axel Honneth\u27s theory of recognition to provide an understanding of how one female asylum seeker achieved a more positive relationship to herself, he shows how participation in language learning was a search for recognition by the participant as well as how it contributed to her self-esteem. He also demonstrates how intersubjective recognition between the participant and her language teacher was important to her learning progress. (DIPF/Orig.)Wissenschafter*innen haben erkannt, wie wichtig das Erlernen der Sprache als wesentlicher Bestandteil des Eingewöhnungsprozesses von Migrant*innen ist. In diesem Beitrag stellt der Autor die Geschichte einer Geflüchteten vor, die an Sprachkursen teilnahm und zum Zeitpunkt seiner Forschungsarbeit ein Studium an einer Universität begann. Der Beitrag geht auf eine empirische Untersuchung zurück, die der Autor mit Asylbewerber*innen und Flüchtlingen in Italien durchgeführt hat. Um zu verstehen, wie eine Asylbewerberin ein positiveres Verhältnis zu sich selbst erlangte, stützt er sich neben seinen empirischen Ergebnissen auch auf die Anerkennungstheorie von Axel Honneth. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, wie die Teilnahme der Geflüchteten am Sprachunterricht zu einer Suche nach Anerkennung wurde und letztlich ihr Selbstwertgefühl stärkte. Er legt weiters dar, wie wichtig die intersubjektive Anerkennung zwischen ihr und ihrer Sprachlehrerin für ihren Lernfortschritt war. (DIPF/Orig.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL TREND IN AKURE, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThe pattern of rainfall in Akure has been haphazard, because it has not followed its natural trend for a long time as a result of climate change effect. This research aimed to examine the trend of rainfall in Akure using 50 years rainfall data. Data was collected from
the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Oshodi, Lagos state, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (time series and correlation analysis) were used to analyse the data. The results from time series analysis showed that rainfall
fluctuated in an upward trend through the period of study. The predicted rainfall for 2016 - 2045 indicated a positive trend of (+0.274), meaning that rainfall will increase in intensity, number of raining-days and duration. The study equally revealed a significant increase in rainfall trend for Akure between 1966 and 2015. The study therefore, recommended that flood forecasting and early warning should be adhered to by all stakeholders. Flood prevention
through effective urban planning and provision of relief materials to the victims of environmental disasters should be encouraged
Vremenske razmere in razširjenost kaznivih dejanj v Ifako-Ijaye (država Lagos, Nigerija)
No full textPurpose:
This paper aims to establish how weather parameters influence crimes with a view to understanding the varying levels of crime in the study area.
Design/Methods/Approach:
Data referring to maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity, rainfall amount and wind speed, murder, assault, rape, armed robbery, breach of public peace, criminal conspiracy, theft, kidnapping, slave dealings, cultism and burglary were collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, the Oshodi and Nigerian Police Force, Divisional Headquarters, Ifako-Ijaiye, Lagos State.
Findings:
Results of regression analysis revealed a relationship exists between weather parameters and the prevalence of crimes at a magnitude of 91%multiple correlation analysis results showed that a relationship exists between rape and weather at a magnitude of 90%.
Research Limitations / Implications:
This research focused on the role played by the observed weather elements on crime activity in the study area. However, the study suggests further studies on other factors capable of inducing crimes.
Originality/Value:
The paper deals with an issue not given much attention in the area under study. In Nigeria, criminal activities are typically viewed in terms of peer group influence rather than the weather. Generally, the study has the potential to help realign security measures and inform people of the possibility of being morally influenced by the prevailing weather conditions.Namen prispevka:
Cilj prispevka je ugotoviti vpliv vremenskih razmer na pojavnost kaznivih dejanj, z namenom razumeti razlike v stopnjah razširjenosti kriminalitete na obravnavanem območju.
Metode:
Podatke, ki vključujejo najvišjo in najnižjo temperaturo, relativno vlažnost, količino padavin in hitrost vetra ter število umorov, napadov, posilstev, oboroženih ropov, kršitev javnega reda in miru, hudodelskega združevanja, kraj, vlomov, ugrabitev in primerov trgovanja s sužnji, sta priskrbeli nigerijska meteorološka agencija in nigerijska policija.
Ugotovitve:
Rezultati regresijske analize so pokazali, da vremenske razmere vplivajo na razširjenost kaznivih dejanj. Rezultati večkratne korelacijske analize pa so pokazali, da obstaja močna povezava med pojavnostjo posilstev in vremenom.
Omejitve/uporabnost raziskave
Raziskava se osredotoča na vpliv vremenskih razmer na razširjenost kriminalitete na obravnavanem območju. Avtorji predlagajo nadaljnje študije o drugih dejavnikih, ki lahko vplivajo na pojavnost kriminalitete.
Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka:
Prispevek obravnava vprašanje, ki na obravnavanem območju še ni bilo deležno veliko pozornosti. Pretekle študije v Nigeriji so obravnavale predvsem vpliv vrstniških skupin na kriminalno aktivnost, ne pa vpliv vremenskih razmer. Na splošno ima raziskava potencial za vpeljavo varnostnih ukrepov in tudi informiranje ljudi o možnostih, kako lahko na njihovo življenje vplivajo vremenske razmere
An Overview of HPV Screening Tests to Improve Access to Cervical Cancer Screening Amongst Underserved Populations: From Development to Implementation
No full textCervical cancer is the most common human papillomavirus (HPV)-related disease. Knowledge of the natural history and aetiology of cervical cancer offers unique opportunities for its prevention, and the development of HPV screening tests is one of the most effective strategies. The current HPV diagnostics detect HPV DNA or E6/E7 mRNA in cervical/vaginal samples using molecular-based technologies. HPV screening tests are more sensitive than cytology or visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) as a primary screening method and are even more clinically valuable in triaging mild cytological abnormalities as a hybrid test. As technical and laboratory resources are grossly limited in marginalized or underserved settings which thus require that women travel long distances for screening and treatment. The practical implementation of an HPV-based screening programme may face many challenges and measures should be instituted to overcome these challenges without compromising disease detection. These measures may include a reduction in screening frequency using the WHO global strategy of offering HPV screening tests at 35 and 45 years of age, adoption of a high throughput testing technology, and improved access to vaginal HPV self-sampling screening tests to women in remote settings or those who are reluctant to undergo gynecologic examination. Another important strategy is the implementation of a “see-and-treat” approach using a point-of-care platform that requires limited skills of laboratory technicians. In addition, the development and large-scale incorporation of more specific HPV testing technologies that are much cheaper and easier to use in non-laboratory settings than the currently available options should be prioritized for underserved settings. At the same time, there is a need to develop and commence the implementation of an affordable and readily available intermediate or secondary test with optimal specificity for triaging or segregating clinically unimportant HPV infections that do not require colposcopy
Can student populations in developing countries be reached by online surveys? The case of the National Service Scheme Survey (N3S) in Ghana
No full text© 2016, © The Author(s) 2016. This article tackles the question whether it is a viable strategy to conduct online surveys among university students in developing countries. By documenting the methodology of the National Service Scheme Survey conducted in Ghana, we set out to answer three questions: (1) How can a sample of university students be obtained? (2) How can students be motivated to cooperate in online surveys? (3) What kind of devices do students use for completing an online survey? Our results indicate that online strategies can be very useful to reach this particular target group, if the necessary precautions are taken.sponsorship: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: All authors contributed equally to this article. This work was supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) project "Making Citizens 'National': Analyzing the Impact of Ghana's National Service Scheme (NSS)" (grant # G049513N) and the KU Leuven Special Research Fund. (Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) project "Making Citizens 'National': Analyzing the Impact of Ghana's National Service Scheme (NSS)"|G049513N, KU Leuven Special Research Fund)status: Publishe
The Fire Service for the Removal of a Metallic Penile Constricting Device: A Ready Help When All Else Fail
No full textThe placement of a constricting device around the penis is a urologic emergency. Though injuries from constricting penile devices are generally rare, they may be associated with serious complications. There is no standard modality for the removal of penile constricting devices and the management of the patient can therefore prove to be a formidable challenge to the urologist. Timely intervention is always important in preventing complications especially penile gangrene. Depending on the type of device used along with the duration and severity of penile constriction caused, significant resourcefulness may be required in the treatment of the patient. Achieving a timely and successful outcome may require a multidisciplinary approach involving equipment only available with the fire service or other agencies. We report the case of a 30-year-old man with a background psychiatric illness who had his penile constricting device removed under conscious sedation in the emergency room with the aid of a power driven arc saw from the fire service with a successful outcome
Impact of Mobile Technologies on Cervical Cancer Screening Practices in Lagos, Nigeria (mHealth-Cervix): A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textPURPOSE: We assessed the impact of mHealth on Pap test screening uptake and also determined the factors that affect screening uptake among women in Lagos, Nigeria.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was carried out among women in two tertiary health institutions in Lagos, Nigeria, between July 2020 and March 2021. Participants were randomly assigned to either a text message (mHealth) intervention or usual care arm. The main study outcome was the uptake of Pap smear testing within 6 months of enrollment in the study. We tested the associations between two groups of continuous variables using the unpooled independent-sample t-test (normal distribution) and that of two groups of categorical variables with the chi-square (χ2) test. Using a multinomial logistic regression model, we adjusted for relevant sociodemographic and clinical predictors of uptake of Pap smear screening. Statistical significance was defined as P < .05.
RESULTS: There was a significantly higher rate of uptake of Pap smear screening among women in the mHealth arm compared with those in the usual care arm (51.0% v 35.7%, P = .031). Following adjustment in the final multivariate model, level of income (odds ratio [OR] = 5.13, 95% CI, 1.55 to 16.95), awareness of Pap smear (OR = 16.26; 95% CI, 2.49 to 76.64), General Outpatient clinic attendance, and introduction of mHealth intervention during follow-up (OR = 4.36; 95% CI, 1.44 to 13.22) were the independent predictors of Pap smear uptake.
CONCLUSION: The use of mHealth technologies intervention via short-text message services is a feasible solution for cervical cancer prevention in low- and middle-income countries, and thus, the widespread use of mHealth services by health care providers and policymakers could contribute to the implementation of cervical cancer prevention services in Nigeria and in the settings of other low- and middle-income countries
How do Nigerian women construct the patterns of the meaning of their experiences and identities as breast cancer survivors? Illuminating Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness
No full textPurpose:
This study aims to foster a dialog between the experiences and identities of Nigerian female breast cancer survivors and Margaret Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness. The theory was employed to explore and describe the structure and meaning of these survivors’ experiences and identities.
Methods:
Twenty-two participants were interviewed using a qualitative approach. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 14 software to identify recurring patterns within the data.
Results:
Three core themes emerged: (1) Encountering Selfhood-Otherhood in the survivorship journey, (2) navigating the rhythms of change, and (3) living the paradox of order and disorder. These themes reflect the unique and paradoxical rhythm of life as a breast cancer survivor, integrating these experiences conceptually.
Conclusions:
This study illuminates how Nigerian breast cancer survivors construct the patterns of meaning of their experiences by shifting the focus from solely evidence-based interventions to a deeper exploration of lived experience, cultural narratives, and expanding consciousness. Through compassionate and insightful nursing interactions, women can explore their evolving identities, foster resilience, and redefine their lives in meaningful and fulfilling ways within their unique contexts.
Implications for Cancer Survivors:
Greater attention is required to address the emotional, temporal, and economic dimensions of breast cancer survivorship in Nigeria. Nurses play a crucial role in helping survivors find meaning in their experiences, recognizing that order and disorder in life are integral to expanding consciousness. Survivors should be empowered to identify their patterns of living and leverage their strengths in navigating the survivorship journey and finding meaning in their lives
Pathogenic Microbes from Unprotected Landfills Pose Health Hazards with Potentials of Disease Outbreaks in Nigeria
No full textAims: This study assessed some health hazards associated with landfills and waste dumping by comparing pathogenic microbes from Olusosun Landfill and a control field in Lagos, Nigeria.
Study Design: A comparative, investigative survey.
Place and Duration of Study: Biotechnology Laboratory, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, Lagos, between August 2015 and February 2016.
Methodology: Soil samples were collected from the superficial layers (1-20 cm) of alfisol at the landfill and a field located about 1000 meters from the dumpsite. Coliform counts, identification of bacteria and susceptibility to antibiotics were carried out. One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis, with level of significance at 0.05.
Results: Coliform counts were 51×105 and 38 ×105 CFU g-1 dry soil for landfill soil and field soils respectively. Species of Gram-negative bacteria (16) and Gram-positive bacteria (20) found in landfill soil outnumbered Gram-negative bacteria (7) and Gram-positive bacteria (10) found in field soil. potential pathogenic species isolated from landfill soil were Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus, outnumbering pathogenic species in field soil. 56.3% of Gram-negative bacteria and 55.0% of Gram-positive bacteria from landfill soil gave Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) Index above 0.5. Significant differences (P < 0.05) existed between the MAR Index of Gram-negative bacteria in landfill and field soils, but no significant differences (P = 0.6348) between Gram-positive bacteria in landfill and field soils.
Conclusion: The findings reveal that pathogenic species of bacteria inhabiting landfill soil are more diverse and numerous than in field soil. The presence of coliforms in landfill soil is an indication of faecal contamination. This implies that the presence of landfills, though needful, poses health hazards which cannot be overlooked. The author emphasises the importance of sterilizing waste before dumping, citing landfills far from residential areas, water bodies and farms, as well as provision of potable water
Subjective experience and meaning of delusions in psychosis: a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis
No full textBACKGROUND: Delusions are a common transdiagnostic feature of psychotic disorders, and their treatment remains suboptimal. Despite the pressing need to better understand the nature, meaning, and course of these symptoms, research into the lived experience of delusional phenomena in psychosis is scarce. Thus, we aimed to explore the lived experience and subjective apprehension of delusions in help-seeking individuals with psychosis, regardless of diagnosis and thematic content of the delusion. METHODS: In our systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science for qualitative studies published in English from database inception, with the last search on Sept 9, 2021. Grey literature search and hand-searching of relevant journals were also done. Studies were eligible if they provided an analysis of lived experience of delusions or predelusional phenomena presented from the perspective of individuals (age 14-65 years) who had developed a clinical high-risk stage of psychosis, or a diagnosable affective or non-affective psychotic disorder (as clinically defined, self-reported, or assessed within the primary study). Studies with only a subset of relevant participants were eligible only if data for the population of interest were reported separately. Studies that did not discriminate between the experience of delusion and other positive symptoms (eg, hallucinations) were included only if data for delusions were reported separately or could be extracted. First-person accounts (and author interpretations) discussing changes in the sense of self, lived world, and meaning in relation to delusions were extracted and synthesised using a novel thematic synthesis approach informed by a critical realist stance and a phenomenological theoretical framework. Analytic themes were developed into a new overarching framework for understanding the emergence of delusional phenomena. The study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020222104. FINDINGS: Of the 3265 records screened, 2115 were identified after duplicate removal. Of these, 1982 were excluded after title and abstract screening and 106 after full-text eligibility assessment. Of the 27 studies entering quality assessment, 24 eligible studies were included in the qualitative evidence synthesis, representing the perspectives of 373 help-seeking individuals with lived experience of delusions in the context of psychosis. Gender was reported as male (n=210), female (n=110), transgender (n=1), or not reported (n=52). Only 13 studies reported ethnicity, with White being predominant. The age of most participants ranged from 15 to 65 years. We found no eligible studies investigating subclinical or predelusional experiences in at-risk mental state populations through qualitative methods. Most studies were undertaken in western, educated, industrialised, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) societies, and most included participants had received or self-reported a diagnosis within the schizophrenia spectrum. Studies differed in relation to whether they focused on one kind or theme of delusion or delusional phenomena more generally as a unified category. Three superordinate themes relating to experiential changes and meanings in delusion were identified: (1) a radical rearrangement of the lived world dominated by intense emotions; (2) doubting, losing, and finding oneself again within delusional realities; and (3) searching for meaning, belonging, and coherence beyond mere dysfunction. Based on the review findings and thematic synthesis, we propose the Emergence Model of Delusion to advance understanding of delusional phenomena in psychosis. INTERPRETATION: Delusions are best understood as strongly individualised and inherently complex phenomena emerging from a dynamic interplay between interdependent subpersonal, personal, interpersonal, and sociocultural processes. Integrative approaches to research on delusion, which consider their potential adaptiveness and favour explanatory pluralism, might be advantageous. Effective clinical care for individuals with psychosis might need adapting to match more closely, and take account of, the subjective experience and meaning of delusions as they are lived through, which might also help redress power imbalances and enduring epistemic injustices in mental health. FUNDING: Priestley Scholars, Wellcome Trust
