1,721,072 research outputs found
Effect of bias on the as-deposited grain structure of Cr thin film
No full textThe film growth of Cr thin film by DC-magnetron sputter deposition was investigated by experimentally measuring the evolution of grain size distribution and by computing the film growth using Monte Carlo simulation. The as-deposited Cr thin film by sputter deposition typically grows in a columnar grain structure at the substrate temperature 260℃, which is far lower than 0.3 Tm. The stagnation of columnar grain structure does not occur in the case of no-bias condition up to the investigated film thickness of about 800 nm. However, the application of a negative bias of 200 V results in a stagnation of columnar grain structure at film thickness of about 50 nm and at the deposition temperature of 260℃. This is believed to arise from the fact that the mobility of ad-atoms is greatly enhanced and the Ar＋ ions pin the grain boundary as a result of bias application
Crystallographic texture and angular dependence of coercivity of ordered CoPt thin film
No full textEffect of crystallographic texture on the angular dependence of coercivity of ordered CoPt thin film was studied by successfully controlling the texture of the ordered CoPt thin film. We have developed, based on the Stoner-Wohlfarth interacting particles model, a micromagnetic simulation technique which can simulate the effect of distribution of magnetocrystalline easy axis on the magnetization behavior of thin film. The good agreement between the experiments and simulation suggested that the magnetization reversal in ordered CoPt thin film occurs not by the domain wall motion but by the Stoner-Wohlfarth interacting particles model. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics
Cancer-Specific Sequences in the Diagnosis and Treatment of NUT Carcinoma
No full textPURPOSE: NUT carcinoma (NC) is a solid tumor caused by the rearrangement of NUTM1 that usually develops in midline structures, such as the thorax. No standard treatment has been established despite high lethality. Thus, we investigated whether targeting the junction region of NUTM1 fusion breakpoints could serve as a potential treatment option for NC. Materials and Methods: We designed and evaluated a series of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the junction region of BRD4-NUTM1 fusion (B4N), the most common form of NUTM1 fusion. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction using the blood of patients was also tested to evaluate the treatment responses by the junction sequence of the B4N fusion transcripts. RESULTS: As expected, the majority of NC fusion types were B4N (12 of 18, 67%). B4N fusion-specific siRNA treatment on NC cells showed specific inhibitory effects on the B4N fusion transcript and fusion protein without affecting the endogenous expression of the parent genes, resulting in decreased relative cell growth and attenuation of tumor size. In addition, the fusion transcript levels in platelet-rich-plasma samples of the NC patients with systemic metastasis showed a negative correlation with therapeutic effect, suggesting its potential as a measure of treatment responsiveness. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that tumor-specific sequences could be used to treat patients with fusion genes as part of precision medicine for a rare but deadly disease
Evolution of grain structure of as-deposited Cr thin films with deposition temperature
No full textThe growth of Cr thin films prepared by DC-magnetron sputter deposition was investigated by measuring the evolution of the grain size distribution and by computing the film growth using Monte Carlo simulation. The variation of grain size distribution with the deposition temperature is analyzed in terms of the film growth mechanisms. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.The authors are grateful to the Ministry of
Science and Technology, Korea for the financial
support of this research through the Nanostructure
Technology Project
A tetrahedral three-facet micro mirror with the inclined deep X-ray process
No full textWe present an oblique microstructure, a tetrahedral three-facet micro mirror, and its fabrication process with the inclined deep X-ray lithography (DXRL). The mirror has an equilateral triangular base of 100 mum length and mirror-like three side-facets inclined to the base at 45 degrees with knife edges. When two equilateral triangle patterns of gold absorber in the X-ray mask shade the PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) substrate with two times of inclined DXRL at angles of 45 degrees and tan(-1)(2)degrees, the shaded part of PMMA produces a tetrahedral three-facet mirror. The process has been conducted with "a" X-ray mask without any alignments that may degrade the precision of microstructures. The completed tetrahedral mirror shows excellent aspects of mirror-like facets and knife-edges with a surface roughness of 20-30 nm. By changing the gap distance between the X-ray mask and the PMMA substrate, the size of the three-facet mirror can be controlled. The three-facet micro mirror is devised as a three-directional laser beam reflector for the measurement of 6 d.f. motion of the slider flying on a magnetic disk of a hard disk driver (HDD). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Liquid plasma promotes angiogenesis through upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase-induced extracellular matrix metabolism: potential applications of liquid plasma for vascular injuries
Full text linkBackground: Applications of nonthermal plasma have expanded beyond the biomedical field to include antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. Plasma enhances epithelial cell repair; however, the potential damage to deep tissues and vascular structures remains under investigation. Result: This study assessed whether liquid plasma (LP) increased nitric oxide (NO) production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by modulating endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and potential signaling pathways. First, we developed a liquid plasma product and confirmed the angiogenic effect of LP using the Matrigel plug assay. We found that the NO content increased in plasma-treated water. NO in plasma-treated water promoted cell migration and angiogenesis in scratch and tube formation assays via vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression. In addition to endothelial cell proliferation and migration, LP influenced extracellular matrix metabolism and matrix metalloproteinase activity. These effects were abolished by treatment with NG-L-monomethyl arginine, a specific inhibitor of NO synthase. Furthermore, we investigated the signaling pathways mediating the phosphorylation and activation of eNOS in LP-treated cells and the role of LKB1-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in signaling. Downregulation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase by siRNA partially inhibited LP-induced eNOS phosphorylation, angiogenesis, and migration. Conclusion: The present study suggests that LP treatment may be a novel strategy for promoting angiogenesis in vascular damage. A1BBJsagnHJAo-Bf8DXnP6 Video Abstract Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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