1,721,018 research outputs found
Canine phobia [La fobia nel cane]
No full textPhobia in dogs is one of the most frequent and difficult to diagnose behavioral pathologies; it is often confused with fear and anxiety, also because in some cases multiple pathologies may coexist. Furthermore, a fundamental role is played by the owner who often fails to understand their pet’s behavior. Defining the type of pathology we are facing is the initial step from which to start to carry out an adequate therapeutic plan. The therapeutic aspect is also complex; it essentially consists of two parts: behavioral modification and a supportive drug therapy.
It is also essential to have a good owner’s compliance
Influence of the familiarity with the handler on the dog's paw preference
No full textThe term laterally refers to the preference most mammals show for one body side over the other. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of the First-stepping test (Tomkins et al., 2010b) in relation to the familiarity with the handler. Thirty-eight adult dogs (22 females, 16 males, different breeds) were tested twice in a modified version of Tomkins' test (30 repetitions instead of 50), once with the owner and once with an unfamiliar handler, one day apart. The paw preference (PP) for each dog in both tests was determined as suggested by Tomkins et al. (2010), calculating the lateralization index and considering a significant preference for Z-scores < - 1.96 (left PP) or > + 1.96 (right PP). There was a low concordance between the Z-scores of the two tests (Cohens' Kappa coefficient = 0.44). In detail, the Z-score of 14 dogs was different in relation to the familiarity with the handler: 1 dog showed a right PP with the owner and a left PP with the unfamiliar handler; 9 dogs showed a non-significant Z-score with the owner and a significant Z-score with the unfamiliar handler; 4 dogs showed a significant Z-score with the owner and a non-significant Z-score with the unfamiliar handler. Previous literature on dogs and other mammals reports that laterality is strongly task-dependent. The current findings suggest that PP may be influenced by other factors, such as the familiarity with the handler, which should be taken into account when testing animals for motor laterality
Dishabituation to the mirror in domestic dogs: A pilot study
Full text linkIt is well-known that domestic dogs have not passed the mirror self-recognition test. Therefore, to investigate the self-awareness of this species, different kind of test is needed. The role of habituation/dishabituation process and the possible predilection in using olfaction are the two main “hidden” variables in designing cognitive studies in dogs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the influence of dishabituation and olfaction in a combined stimuli behavioral test. Nine dogs were tested in two different settings: the glass setting (GS) and the mirror setting (MS), during the GS dogs were facing a glass and during the MS they were facing a mirror. Each setting was divided into two phases of 3 minutes: one in the presence of a second dog behind the glass (GS+) or the mirror (MS+), and one in the absence of the second dog behind the glass (GS-) or the mirror (MS-). The difference between MS- and GS+ relative duration of the glass/mirror-oriented gaze was statically significant (p=0.012). This combined multimodal approach could help to clarify the role of habituation/dishabituation process in testing self-recognition in dogs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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