1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Development of Chemometrics tools for monitoring contamination by polycyclic aromatic compounds in complex environmental matrices
No full textEn Europe, 332 500 sites sont contaminés par des composés aromatiques polycycliques (CAP) incluant des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP). Ces CAP représentent plusieurs centaines de molécules et présentent des propriétés toxiques, mutagènes et cancérigènes avérées. A l'heure actuelle, seuls 16 HAP sont suivis pour le diagnostic et le monitoring de sites contaminés car listés comme polluants prioritaires par l'US-EPA. Néanmoins, cette vision restrictive n'est pas représentative de la globalité de la contamination qui peut être décrite comme un continuum à l'échelle moléculaire, allant de composés simples de deux à sept noyaux aromatiques à des macromolécules de structures plus complexes. Soumis à différents processus de transformation au cours des phénomènes d'atténuation naturelle ou en contexte de traitements de remédiation (biodégradation, oxydation chimique), la nature de la pollution évolue. Seule une caractérisation la plus exhaustive possible de la contamination couplée à un traitement numérique adapté des données générées permettra de comprendre une telle évolution. L'objectif de cette thèse sera donc de mettre au point et d'appliquer plusieurs approches de chimiométrie pour caractériser des matrices environnementales complexes contenant des CAP. La chimiométrie est une discipline issue des mathématiques ayant pour but d'extraire le maximum d'information afin d'acquérir une interprétation plus complète d'échantillons analysés lors d'études en physico-chimie. Pour ce faire, plusieurs techniques analytiques vont être utilisées pour caractériser des extraits organiques de matrices contaminées (sols) : la fluorescence 3D, la spectroscopie UV-Visinle, le Raman et la chromatographie en phase gaz couplée à de la spectrométrie de masse. Parmi les nombreuses méthodes mathématiques développées en chimiométrie, les méthodes d'analyses multivariées ont déjà mis en évidence leur potentialité sur les différentes techniques analytiques précédemment citées (e.g. PARAFAC, MCR-ALS, etc. , ). Néanmoins, l'une des difficultés quant à leur emploi réside dans la nature même de l'échantillon analysé. En effet, des « effets » indésirables peuvent apparaître sur les différents signaux de ces appareils (e.g. déviation de ligne de base, influence de l'eau, effets d'échauffement, recouvrement spectrale, décalage des temps de rétention, etc.). Ce travail de thèse s'appuiera sur (i) des jeux de données déjà existantes au laboratoire de géochimie organique pour lesquels les informations (sources et/ou processus) sont connus afin de tester l'efficacité des traitements de chimiométrie développés et sur (ii) de nouveaux jeux de données pour permettre d'appliquer la méthodologie développée en condition réelle. La stratégie employée portera sur plusieurs axes pluridisciplinaires. Tout d'abord, il faudra se focaliser sur les meilleurs prétraitements mathématiques à appliquer suivant la technique instrumentale utilisée. Ensuite, les résolutions multivariées du type MCR-ALS et PARAFAC seront testées de manière indépendante pour chacun des jeux de données issues de ces différents appareils. Ce travail permettra de donner des éléments de réponse quant à la caractérisation d'espèces de CAP purs ou en mélange présents dans des matrices environnementales complexes, mais également de comprendre leur évolution au cours du temps (nature des produits transformés et/ou générés, mécanismes mis en jeu et influence des paramètres.In Europe, 332,500 sites are contaminated with polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These PACs consist of several hundred molecules and exhibit well-established toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic properties. Currently, only 16 PAHs are monitored for diagnostic and monitoring purposes in contaminated sites, as they are listed as priority pollutants by the US-EPA. However, this limited approach does not fully represent the overall contamination, which can be described as a molecular-scale continuum ranging from simple compounds with two to seven aromatic rings to more complex macromolecules. Undergoing various transformation processes during natural attenuation phenomena or remediation treatments (such as biodegradation or chemical oxidation), the nature of pollution evolves. Only a comprehensive characterization of contamination coupled with appropriate data processing techniques can provide insights into such evolution. The objective of this thesis is therefore to develop and apply various chemometric approaches to characterize complex environmental matrices containing PACs. Chemometrics is a discipline derived from mathematics that aims to extract maximum information in order to gain a more comprehensive interpretation of samples analyzed in physico-chemical studies. To achieve this, several analytical techniques will be used to characterize organic extracts from contaminated matrices (soils): 3D fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Visibile spectroscopy, and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Among the many mathematical methods developed in chemometrics, multivariate analysis techniques have already demonstrated their potential with the aforementioned analytical techniques (e.g., PARAFAC, MCR-ALS, etc.). However, one of the challenges in their application lies in the nature of the analyzed sample itself. Undesirable "effects" can occur in the signals from these instruments (e.g., baseline deviation, water interference, heating effects, spectral overlap, retention time shifts, etc.). This thesis work will rely on (i) existing data sets at the organic geochemistry laboratory where information on sources and/or processes is known to test the effectiveness of the developed chemometric treatments, and (ii) new data sets to apply the developed methodology under real conditions. The strategy employed will focus on several interdisciplinary axes. Firstly, the best mathematical preprocessing methods will be determined based on the specific instrumental technique used. Subsequently, multivariate resolution techniques such as MCR-ALS and PARAFAC will be independently tested for each data set generated from these different instruments. This work will provide insights into the characterization of pure or mixed CAP species present in complex environmental matrices, as well as their evolution over time (nature of transformed and/or generated products, involved mechanisms, and influence of parameters)
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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