1,721,085 research outputs found
How a virtual agent should smile? Morphological and dynamic chacteristics of virtual agent's smiles
No full textA smile may communicate different meanings depending on subtle characteristics of the facial expression. In this article, we have studied the morphological and dynamic characteristics of amused, polite, and embarrassed smiles displayed by a virtual agent. A web application has been developed to collect virtual agent's smile descriptions corpus directly constructed by users. Based on the corpora and using a decision tree classification technique, we propose an algorithm to determine the characteristics of each type of the smile that a virtual agent may express. The proposed algorithm enables one to generate a variety of facial expressions corresponding to the polite, embarrassed, and amused smiles
Expressions of empathy in ECAs
No full textRecent research has shown that empathic virtual agents enable to improve human-machine interaction. Virtual agent's expressions of empathy are generally fixed intuitively and are not evaluated. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the expressions of empathy using complex facial expressions like superposition and masking. An evaluation study have been conducted in order to identify the most appropriate way to express empathy. According to the evaluation results people find more suitable facial expressions that contain elements of emotion of empathy. In particular, complex facial expressions seem to be a good approach to express empathy. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Expressions intelligentes des émotions
No full textWe propose a computational model of emotions that takes into account two aspects of emotions: the emotions triggered by an event and the expressed emotions (the displayed ones), which may differ in real life. More particularly, we present a formalization of emotion eliciting-events based on a model of the agent's mental state composed of beliefs, choices, and uncertainties, which enables one to identify the emotional state of an agent at any time. We also introduce a fuzzy logic based model that computes facial expressions of blending for the different kinds of emotions. Finally, examples of facial expressions resulting from the implementation of our model are shown
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Smiling virtual agent in social context
No full textA smile may communicate different communicative intentions depending on subtle characteristics of the facial expression. In this article, we propose an algorithm to determine the morphological and dynamic characteristics of virtual agent's smiles of amusement, politeness, and embarrassment. The algorithm has been defined based on a virtual agent's smiles corpus constructed by users and analyzed with a decision tree classification technique. An evaluation, in different contexts, of the resulting smiles has enabled us to validate the proposed algorithm. © Marta Olivetti Belardinelli and Springer-Verlag 2012
Towards a smiling ECA: Studies on mimicry, timing and types of smiles
No full textSmile is one of the most often used nonverbal signals. Depending on when, how and where it is displayed, it may convey various meanings. We believe that introducing the variety of smiles may improve the communicative skills of embodied conversational agents. In this paper we present on-going research on the role of smile in embodied conversational agents. In particular, we analyze the significance of smiling while the agent is either speaking or listening. We also show how it may communicate different messages such as amusement, embarrassment and politeness through different smile morphologies and dynamism
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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