186,554 research outputs found
Advanced light trapping management by diffractive interlayer for thin-film silicon solar cells
No full textObermeyer P, Haase C, Stiebig H. Advanced light trapping management by diffractive interlayer for thin-film silicon solar cells. Applied Physics Letters. 2008;92(18): 181102
Symptoms, menopause status, and country differences: A comparative analysis from DAMES
No full textOBJECTIVE: To investigate reported frequencies of menopausal symptoms among women in four countries, namely Lebanon, Morocco, Spain, and the United States, and to assess the relative role of menopause status, country of residence, and other factors in explaining differences in symptomatology. DESIGN: Surveys of representative samples of approximately 300 women aged 45 to 55 years in each site were conducted, using an instrument that includes demographic, health, and menopausal variables, in addition to perceptions and attitudes toward menopause. Statistical and textual analyses are used to examine differentials and the factors that influence them. RESULTS: The burden of symptoms and the frequencies of symptoms differ across sites, but hot flashes are reported everywhere by just under one half of the respondents. The most frequent symptoms are joint pain, fatigue, impatience-nervousness, sleep disturbances, memory loss, and one or more emotional symptoms. Menopause status is significantly associated with hot flashes and vasomotor symptoms and to a lesser extent with emotional and sexual symptoms. Smoking, schooling, employment, and age are also associated with the frequency of selected symptoms. Country of residence influences reported symptoms over and above other factors. CONCLUSIONS: Similarities among core symptoms and differences in the expression of symptoms were found across sites. Both biological (menopause status) and cultural (country of residence) variables influence symptomatology. ©2007The North American Menopause Society.Anderson Debra, 2004, Nurs Health Sci, V6, P173, DOI 10.1111-j.1442-2018.2004.00190.x; Avis Nancy E, 2005, Am J Med, V118 Suppl 12B, P37, DOI 10.1016-j.amjmed.2005.09.057; Avis NE, 2003, MED CARE, V41, P1262, DOI 10.1097-01.MLR.0000093479.39115.AF; AVIS NE, 1993, BAILLIERE CLIN ENDOC, V7, P17, DOI 10.1016-S0950-351X(05)80268-X; BELL SE, 1987, SOC SCI MED, V24, P535, DOI 10.1016-0277-9536(87)90343-1; Blumel JE, 2006, MENOPAUSE, V13, P706, DOI 10.1097-01.gme.0000227338.73738.2d; BOULET MJ, 1994, MATURITAS, V19, P157, DOI 10.1016-0378-5122(94)90068-X; Cohen LS, 2006, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V63, P385, DOI 10.1001-archpsyc.63.4.385; Crawford SL, 2000, MENOPAUSE, V7, P96, DOI 10.1097-00042192-200007020-00005; Dennerstein L, 2004, MENOPAUSE, V11, P778, DOI 10.1097-01.GME.0000138544.50670.CC; FLINT M, 1990, ANN NY ACAD SCI, V592, P134; Ford K, 2005, MENOPAUSE, V12, P308, DOI 10.1097-01.GME.0000163869.89878.D9; FREEMAN EW, 2006, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V63, P378; Guthrie JR, 2005, MENOPAUSE, V12, P460, DOI 10.1097-01.GME.0000155200.80687.BE; Hardy R, 2005, BJOG-INT J OBSTET GY, V112, P346, DOI 10.1111-j.147-0528.2004.00348.x; Jasienska G, 2005, WOMEN HEALTH ISS, V15, P145, DOI 10.1016-j.whi.2005.02.002; KAUFERT P, 1986, SOC SCI MED, V22, P1285, DOI 10.1016-0277-9536(86)90196-6; KAUFERT P, 1981, SOC SCI MED-MED PSYC, V15, P173, DOI 10.1016-0271-5384(81)90011-9; Lee C, 2004, AUST NZ J PUBL HEAL, V28, P144, DOI 10.1111-j.1467-842X.2004.tb00928.x; Lindenbaum S., 1993, KNOWLEDGE POWER PRAC; Lock M, 1998, PSYCHOSOM MED, V60, P410; Loh FH, 2005, MATURITAS, V52, P169, DOI 10.1016-j.maturitas.2004.11.004; LUOTO R, 1994, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V139, P64; Matthews KA, 2001, INT J OBESITY, V25, P863, DOI 10.1038-sj.ijo.0801618; MCKINLAY SM, 1992, MATURITAS, V14, P103, DOI 10.1016-0378-5122(92)90003-M; Melby MK, 2005, MENOPAUSE, V12, P250, DOI 10.1097-01.GME.0000146108.27840.D9?; Melby MK, 2005, HUM REPROD UPDATE, V11, P495, DOI 10.1093-humupd-dmi018; Obermeyer CM, 2004, MENOPAUSE, V11, P456, DOI 10.1097-01.GME.0000109318.11228.DA; Obermeyer CM, 1999, MATURITAS, V33, P249; Obermeyer CM, 2005, MATURITAS, V52, P190, DOI 10.1016-j.maturitas.2005.01.011; Obermeyer CM, 2002, MATURITAS, V41, P87, DOI 10.1016-S0378-5122(01)00289-4; PARAZZINI F, 1992, MATURITAS, V15, P141, DOI 10.1016-0378-5122(92)90248-3; *QSR INT PTY LTD, 2002, N6 NONN UNSTR DAT IN; Randolph JF, 2005, J CLIN ENDOCR METAB, V90, P6106, DOI 10.1210-jc.2005-1374; Reynolds RF, 2005, AM J HUM BIOL, V17, P331, DOI 10.1002-ajhb.20121; Reynolds RF, 2001, ANN HUM BIOL, V28, P21; Shinberg DS, 1998, SOC SCI MED, V46, P1381, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(97)10085-5; Sievert Lynnette Leidy, 2005, J Cross Cult Gerontol, V20, P127, DOI 10.1007-s10823-005-9087-3; Sievert LL, 2007, MENOPAUSE, V14, P798, DOI 10.1097-gme.0b013e31804f8175; Sievert LL, 2006, MENOPAUSE BIOCULTURA; SPSS for Windows, 2005, SPSS WIND39414
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Edward P. Wimberly, ITC, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Edward P. Wimberly. Dr. Wimberly talks about his book, "No Shame in Wesley's Gospel: A Twenty-First Century Pastoral Gospel". Brad Ost, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
Author Rights and Scholarly Publishing
No full textOriginally posted at
http://blog.library.gsu.edu/2014/10/24/author-rights-and-scholarly-publishing/</p
Political rationale, aims, and outcomes of health-related high-level meetings and special sessions at the UN General Assembly: A policy research observational study
No full textBackgroundRecognising the substantial political weight of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), a UN General Assembly special session (UNGASS) and high-level meetings (HLMs) have been pursued and held for 5 health-related topics thus far. They have focused on human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS, 2001), non-communicable diseases (NCDs, 2011), antimicrobial resistance (AMR, 2016), tuberculosis (TB, 2018), and universal health coverage (UHC, 2019). This observational study presents a comprehensive analysis of the political and policy background that prompted the events, as well as an assessment of aims, approaches, and ultimate outcomes. Methods and findingsWe investigated relevant agencies' official documents, performed a literature search, and accessed international institutions' websites for the period 1990-2020. Knowledgeable diplomatic staff and experts provided additional information. Outcomes were evaluated from a United Nations perspective based on national and international commitments, and funding trends. Eliciting an effective governmental response through UNGASSs/HLMs is a challenge. However, increased international commitment was evident after the HIV/AIDS (2001), NCDs (2011), and AMR (2016) meetings. The more recent TB (2018) and UHC (2019) HLMs have received general endorsements internationally, although concrete commitments are not yet documented. Although attribution can only be hypothesized, financial investments for HIV/AIDS following the UNGASS were remarkable, whereas following HLMs for NCDs, AMR, and TB, the financial investments remained insufficient to face the burden of these threats. Thus far, the HIV/AIDS UNGASS was the only one followed by a level of commitment that has likely contributed to the reversal of the previous burden trend. Limitations of this study include its global perspective and aerial view that cannot discern the effects at the country level. Additionally, possible peculiarities that modified the response to the meetings were not looked at in detail. Finally, we assessed a small sample of events; thus, the list of strategic characteristics for success is not exhaustive. ConclusionsOverall, UNGASSs and HLMs have the potential to lay better foundations and boldly address key health challenges. However, to succeed, they need to (i) be backed by large consensus; (ii) engage UN authorities and high-level bodies; (iii) emphasise implications for international security and the world economy; (iv) be supported by the civil society, activists, and champions; and (v) produce a political declaration containing specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) targets. Therefore, to ensure impact on health challenges, in addition to working with the World Health Assembly and health ministries, engaging the higher political level represented by the UNGA and heads of state and government is critical.Author summary Why was this study done? Between 2001 and 2019, 5 health-related topics reached the United Nations (UN) General Assembly in the form of special sessions or high-level meetings: human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) (2001), non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (2011), antimicrobial resistance (AMR) (2016), tuberculosis (TB) (2018), and universal health coverage (UHC) (2019).Tackling these issues requires not only a response to biomedical threats, but also interventions in society, health systems, and markets, and engagement of heads of state and government in what is one of the most important political fora today: the UN General Assembly.To our knowledge, a comprehensive observational analysis of processes, political aims and motivations, policies, and financial outcomes of these meetings is missing. What did the researchers do and find? We assessed the political process conducive to organisation of the above-mentioned meetings by looking at relevant documents of the UN and other global health agencies, and published literature. We identified how strong support from countries and civil society contributed to raising the visibility of and commitment to health challenges at the UN General Assembly level.We established 2 political criteria (national and international commitment) and 2 financial criteria (domestic and international investments) for evaluation of the UN event outcomes.Increased international commitment was evident after the HIV/AIDS, NCDs, and AMR meetings. The TB and UHC high-level meetings (HLMs) received general endorsements internationally, although concrete commitments are yet to be documented. Financial investments for HIV/AIDS were remarkable following the UN event, whereas for NCDs, AMR, and TB, they remained insufficient.Finally, we looked at pre- and post-event changes in the global burden of the conditions at stake. Thus far, the HIV/AIDS UN General Assembly special session (UNGASS) was the only one followed by a reversal of the previous burden trend, although this outcome is multifactorial in origin. What do these findings mean? We conclude that UNGASSs and HLMs have the potential to promote the political visibility of key health challenges, and mobilise funding to face them, although this ultimately also depends upon the leaders' political will, the consensus generated, and the engagement of civil society.To achieve impact on major health challenges, besides working within the context of the World Health Assembly and ministries of health, there is a need to advocate internationally at the higher political level of heads of state and government
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