5 research outputs found
Attitude of Motorists towards Road Ethics: Empirical Study
No full textRoad traffic safety among socioeconomic issues has become the major concern across the globe due to rise in road crashes attributed largely to human factor. This study tends to address attitudinal behavior of road users towards road ethics in Ilorin metropolis-Nigeria; covering both driver and motorcyclists and perception of motorists on road traffic enforcement agent. Questionnaire was employed as survey tools. Ordered logistic model were used to analyse the data on attitude of motorists and road traffic laws enforcement agents. About 87% of the 440 administered questionnaire were returned valid. A 3-model analysis was carried out and the findings showed that the attitude of the motorists, road traffic law enforcement agents and demographical index (gender, age and education) correlated with, and influence compliance with road traffic laws
Political Business Cycle and Fiscal Discipline in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full text[Abstract] We tested the Political Business Cycle theory in Sub-Sahara Africa. To provide an empirical explanation for this nexus, this paper used unbalanced panel data from thirty-six (36) Sub-Saharan African countries between 1990 and 2018. The system Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) developed by Arrelano-Bover/Blundell-Bond was employed to analyze the collected data. The results of the system GMM revealed that the fiscal deficit is significantly large in election years and the deficit spending spills into the year after the election, though not as high as in the election year. We could not, however, find a significant effect in the pre-election year. In addition, we found evidence suggesting that though democracy significantly lowers the fiscal deficit, it promotes higher deficit spending in the election year and the year after the election. Hence, the study established the existence of a political business cycle in Sub-Saharan African countries. The study thus recommends that sound economic policies should be put in place to reduce the persistent deficit in SSA so as to maintain sustainable fiscal health, as well as the sustainability of macroeconomics, particularly enhanced industrialization, as the study found that countries' fiscal deficits are lower in more industrialized countries in the region
Political business cycle and fiscal discipline in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textWe tested the Political Business Cycle theory in Sub-Sahara Africa. To provide an empirical explanation for this nexus, this paper used unbalanced panel data from thirty-six (36) Sub-Saharan African countries between 1990 and 2018. The system Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) developed by Arrelano-Bover/Blundell-Bond was employed to analyze the collected data. The results of the system GMM revealed that the fiscal deficit is significantly large in election years and the deficit spending spills into the year after the election, though not as high as in the election year. We could not, however, find a significant effect in the pre-election year. In addition, we found evidence suggesting that though democracy significantly lowers the fiscal deficit, it promotes higher deficit spending in the election year and the year after the election. Hence, the study established the existence of a political business cycle in Sub-Saharan African countries. The study thus recommends that sound economic policies should be put in place to reduce the persistent deficit in SSA so as to maintain sustainable fiscal health, as well as the sustainability of macroeconomics, particularly enhanced industrialization, as the study found that countries\u27 fiscal deficits are lower in more industrialized countries in the region
Slum Settlements Regeneration in Lagos Mega-city: an Overview of a Waterfront Makoko Community
No full textUrban degradation is caused principally by urbanization process, however, most of the
environmental problems in Lagos suburbs result largely from its unplanned landuses, swampy
nature of built areas and weak development control. Other critical problems that bother minds also
include lack of open space, poor management of flood channels and substandard housing. This
paper discuses the possible intervention strategies in the regeneration effort of Makoko - a
submerged residential enclave located in Yaba local government area of Lagos.
The research method which is both narrative and statistically descriptive in nature enables the
author engage in a detailed literature study of the chronological development of Lagos with view to
determining how the mega city came about the current level of degenerating infrastructural
facilities. The study found that the principle of cooperative leadership by government at all levels is
fundamental to making important difference in qualitative development controls of the study area. It
however concluded that the duo role of the public and traditional power structure of the community
leaders must be involved in the conception and implementation of Makoko’s environmental
planning programmes
