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ANXIETY IN CHILDHOOD
No full textUvod: Dijete može iskusiti različite manifestacije anksioznosti (brige, anksiozno ponašanje..) kao dio normalnog razvoja. Prisutnost ovih simptoma anksioznosti ne moraju imati značaja u ostatku života. Normalne simptome povremenih strahova djetinjstva djeca prerastu. Većina ljudi smatra da su djevojčice bojažljivije i tjeskobnije od dječaka. Međutim, istraživanja nisu potvrdila ovu pretpostavku. Iako su djevojčice sposobnije pokazati osjećaje, studije koje su provele istraživanje pokazuju da su oba spola sličnija po pitanju anksionznost nego što se misli.
Cilj: Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi odnos anksioznosti između učenika V. razreda osnovne škole Supetar i osnovne škole Vis. Specifični ciljevi ovog istraživanja su: utvrditi najčešći simptom anksioznosti i najčešći uzrok anksioznosti. Hipoteza istraživanja: Učenici petog razreda osnovne škole Supetar neće imati učestalije simptome anksioznosti u odnosu na učenike osnovne škole Vis.
Metode i ispitanici: Istraživanje je provedeno na učenicima V. razreda osnovne škole u ordinaciji školske medicine na otoku Braču i otoku Visu. Sudjelovanje ispitanika je bilo dobrovoljno uz jamčenu anonimnost. Sudjelovalo je ukupno 41 ispitanik, različitog spola. Istraživanje je provedeno u ožujku 2016. godine pomoću Skala dječje anksioznosti autorice Purić, a koja je namijenjena ispitivanju anksioznosti djece školske dobi.
Rezultati: Učenici V. razreda osnovne škole Supetar imaju manje izražene simptome anksioznosti u odnosu na učenike osnovne škole Vis. Najučestalije simptome anksioznosti imaju djevojčice s Visa M=13 (8-19), zatim djevojčice iz Supetra M=11 (7-17), dječaci s Visa M=6 (4-13), a najmanje učestale simptome anksioznosti imaju dječaci iz Supetra M=5 (0-17). Najčešći simptomi anksioznosti kod djece iz Supetra su: lupanje srca prilikom odgovaranja (60 %) i zabrinutost u svezi s testom (60 %), dok su kod djece s Visa najprisutniji: zarinutost u svezi s testom u školi (87 %) i zaboravljanje naučenog prilikom odgovaranja u školi (63 %). Pronađena je statistički značajna razlika između Bračana i Višana kod problema usnivanja. Polovica ispitanika s Visa ima problem s usnivanjem, dok je taj problem prisutan samo kod 8 % ispitanika s Brača (p=0,003).
Zaključci: Simptomi anksioznosti prisutniji su kod ispitanika iz osnovne škole Vis. Najčešći uzrok pojave simptoma anksioznosti je očekivanje testa te usmeno odgovaranje u školi. Hipoteza istraživanja da učenici petog razreda osnovne škole Supetar neće imati učestalije simptome anksioznosti u odnosu na učenike osnovne škole Vis, pokazala se točna jer je su anksiozni simptomi učestaliji kod ispitanika s Visa. S obzirom na relativno mali uzorak, putno je ponoviti istraživanje na većem broju ispitanika. Zanimljivo bi bilo uključiti i službu školske medicine kao i pedijatre, ali u procjenu uzeti u obzir i školski uspjeh kako bi se dodatno objektivizirali dobiveni rezultati i dokazala eventualna poveznica između školskog (ne)uspjeha, anksioznosti ali i psihosomatskih problema.Introduction:The child can experience different manifestations of anxiety(worrys,anxiety behavior..) as part of normal development. The presence of these symptoms of anxietydoes not have a character in the rest of life.The normal symptoms occasional fears of childhoodchildren grow up.Most of people think that girls are fearful and anxious than boys. However,studies have not confirmed this assumption.Although girls are more able to express these feelings, the studies carried out by research showing that both sexes more similar in terms ofanxietythan you think.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between anxiety students of fifth grade Supetar and elementary school Vis. The specific objectives of this study are: to determine the most commom symptoms of anxiety and the most cause of anxiety. Hypothesis of reasarch: Students of fifth grade from elementary school Supetar won't have more frequent anxiety symptoms compared to students from elementary school Vis.
Methods and subjects: The study was conducted on students of V. grade in the school health clinic on the island of Brač and Vis. Participation of patients were voluntarily with the guaranteed anonymity. Participated of 41 subjects different genders. The research was conducted in March 2016 by Scale of children's anxiety author Purić, which is intended for test anxiety children of school age.
The results: Pupils of fifth grade from the elementary school Supetar have less severe symptoms of anxiety in relation to the students from elementary shool Vis. The most common symptoms of anxiety have girls from Vis M=13 (8-19), then girls from Supetar M=17 (7-17), boys from Vis M=6 (4-13), and least common anxiety symptoms have boys from Supetar M=5 (0-17). The most common symptoms of anxiety among children from Supetar are: heart palpitations while being questioned (60 %) and concerns regarding the test (60 %), while among children from Vis most present are: concerns regarding a test at school (87 %) and forgetting of what they have learned while being questioned at school (63 %). There was found a statistically significant difference between students from Brač and Vis with problems falling asleep. Half of respondents from Vis have a problem with falling asleep, while the same problem is present within only 8 % of respondents from Brač (p = 0.003).
Conclusion: Symptoms of anxiety are more prevalent in respondents from elementary school Vis. The most common cause of anxiety symptoms is the expectation of the test and an oral examination at school. The hypothesis that the students of fifth grade from elementary school Supetar won't have more frequent anxiety symptoms compared to students from elementary school Vis, proved to be correct because the anxiety symptoms are common within the respondents from Vis. Given the relatively small sample, it's necessary to repeat the research on larger number of respondents. It would be interesting to include the service of school medicine department as well as pediatricians, but also to take in account the school achievement in order to further objectivise obtained results and proved possible link between school success (or lack of it), anxiety and psychosomatic problems
The quality of life of students with regard to the use of free time
No full textKvaliteta života predstavlja važan faktor u životu svakog čovjeka. Uvjetovana je s mnogim čimbenicima, među njima je i slobodno vrijeme. Studenti su akademski građani koji svoje slobodno vrijeme koriste sukladno obavezama i dužnostima te mogućnostima koje su im dostupne. Za vrijeme pandemije COVID – 19 mnogo se stvari promijenilo pa tako i način izvođenja nastave te dostupni sadržaji koje su studenti mogli koristiti u slobodno vrijeme.
Istraživanje o Kvaliteti života studenata s obzirom na korištenje slobodnog vremena se provodilo među studentima Sveučilišnog odjela zdravstvenih studija i Kemijsko – tehnološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu prijediplomskih studija. U tom istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 137 studenata različitih smjerova i sociodemografskog obilježja koji su ocijenili svoju kvalitetu života. Također su od ponuđenih aktivnosti izabrali one koje rade najviše u svoje slobodno vrijeme te su procijenili je li pandemija COVID – 19 utjecala na korištenje slobodnog vremena.Quality of life is an important factor in the life of every person. It is conditioned by many factors, among them is free time. Students are academic citizens who use their free time in accordance with their obligations and duties and the opportunities available to them. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many things changed, including the way classes were conducted and the available content that students could use in their free time.
The research on “The quality of life of students with regard to the use of free time” was conducted among undergraduate students at the University Department of Health Studies and the Faculty of Chemistry and Technology of the University of Split. A total of 137 students of different majors and socio-demographic characteristics participated in this research and evaluated their quality of life. They also chose from the offered activities those that they do most in their free time and assessed whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected the use of free time
The quality of life of students with regard to the use of free time
No full textKvaliteta života predstavlja važan faktor u životu svakog čovjeka. Uvjetovana je s mnogim čimbenicima, među njima je i slobodno vrijeme. Studenti su akademski građani koji svoje slobodno vrijeme koriste sukladno obavezama i dužnostima te mogućnostima koje su im dostupne. Za vrijeme pandemije COVID – 19 mnogo se stvari promijenilo pa tako i način izvođenja nastave te dostupni sadržaji koje su studenti mogli koristiti u slobodno vrijeme.
Istraživanje o Kvaliteti života studenata s obzirom na korištenje slobodnog vremena se provodilo među studentima Sveučilišnog odjela zdravstvenih studija i Kemijsko – tehnološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu prijediplomskih studija. U tom istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 137 studenata različitih smjerova i sociodemografskog obilježja koji su ocijenili svoju kvalitetu života. Također su od ponuđenih aktivnosti izabrali one koje rade najviše u svoje slobodno vrijeme te su procijenili je li pandemija COVID – 19 utjecala na korištenje slobodnog vremena.Quality of life is an important factor in the life of every person. It is conditioned by many factors, among them is free time. Students are academic citizens who use their free time in accordance with their obligations and duties and the opportunities available to them. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many things changed, including the way classes were conducted and the available content that students could use in their free time.
The research on “The quality of life of students with regard to the use of free time” was conducted among undergraduate students at the University Department of Health Studies and the Faculty of Chemistry and Technology of the University of Split. A total of 137 students of different majors and socio-demographic characteristics participated in this research and evaluated their quality of life. They also chose from the offered activities those that they do most in their free time and assessed whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected the use of free time
The quality of life of students with regard to the use of free time
No full textKvaliteta života predstavlja važan faktor u životu svakog čovjeka. Uvjetovana je s mnogim čimbenicima, među njima je i slobodno vrijeme. Studenti su akademski građani koji svoje slobodno vrijeme koriste sukladno obavezama i dužnostima te mogućnostima koje su im dostupne. Za vrijeme pandemije COVID – 19 mnogo se stvari promijenilo pa tako i način izvođenja nastave te dostupni sadržaji koje su studenti mogli koristiti u slobodno vrijeme.
Istraživanje o Kvaliteti života studenata s obzirom na korištenje slobodnog vremena se provodilo među studentima Sveučilišnog odjela zdravstvenih studija i Kemijsko – tehnološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu prijediplomskih studija. U tom istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 137 studenata različitih smjerova i sociodemografskog obilježja koji su ocijenili svoju kvalitetu života. Također su od ponuđenih aktivnosti izabrali one koje rade najviše u svoje slobodno vrijeme te su procijenili je li pandemija COVID – 19 utjecala na korištenje slobodnog vremena.Quality of life is an important factor in the life of every person. It is conditioned by many factors, among them is free time. Students are academic citizens who use their free time in accordance with their obligations and duties and the opportunities available to them. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many things changed, including the way classes were conducted and the available content that students could use in their free time.
The research on “The quality of life of students with regard to the use of free time” was conducted among undergraduate students at the University Department of Health Studies and the Faculty of Chemistry and Technology of the University of Split. A total of 137 students of different majors and socio-demographic characteristics participated in this research and evaluated their quality of life. They also chose from the offered activities those that they do most in their free time and assessed whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected the use of free time
Frequency of circulatory (vascular) system treated at Split-Dalmatia County's emergemcy department
No full textCilj: Cilj ovog rada je utvrditi učestalost cirkulacijskih (krvožilnih) bolesti liječenih u Zavodu za hitnu medicinu Splitsko-dalmatinske županije (ZHM SDŽ), gledano kroz vremena prije pojave pandemije COVID-19, godine COVID-19 pandemije i vremena nakon završetka pandemije COVID-19.
Materijali i metode: Ovo retrospektivno istraživanje obuhvaća sve pacijente koji su primali medicinsku skrb u razdoblju od ožujka 2019. do ožujka 2022. godine u Zavodu za hitnu medicinu. Informacije o njihovoj dobi, spolu i dijagnozi prema MKB-10 klasifikaciji prikupljene su u Zavodu za hitnu medicinu Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Analize su provedene putem medicinskog programa zavoda „e-Hitna“.
Rezultati: Najveći broj oboljelih prisutan je u godini prije COVID-19 pandemije. U odnosu na dob i spol, veća je incidencija prisutna kod ženske populacije životne dobi od 65 do 100 godina. Zabilježen je veći broj bolesnika koji su pomoć zatražili u ambulantama tijekom tri promatrane godine, usprkos većem broju zahtjeva za intervencijom tima hitne medicine u dobi od 65 do 100 godina. Incidencija gledana u odnosu na mjesece kroz godinu pokazuje porast oboljenja u ljetnim mjesecima, gdje ujedno u kolovozu imamo najveći broj oboljelih, a blagi porast bilježi se i u zimskim mjesecima (prosinac, siječanj), što je ujedno posljedica utjecaja turizma.
Zaključci: Za vrijeme COVID-19 pandemije dolazi do naglog pada broja oboljelih. Napretkom pandemije ženska populacija te starija životna dob i dalje imaju veću incidenciju oboljenja. U odnosu na prvu promatranu godinu, koja prethodi COVID-19 pandemiji, u drugoj i trećoj promatranoj godini veći postotak otpada na intervencije tima ZHM SDŽ, u odnosu na broj bolesnika u ambulantama. Usporedba ukupnog broja bolesnika, s brojem bolesnika M i H kategorije, kroz pojedine mjesece ukazuje na utjecaj turizma na sami raspored incidencije oboljenja.Objective: The aim of this thesis is to determine the frequency of diseases of the circulatory (blood vessel) system treated at ZHM SDŽ, viewed through the time before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the time after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study includes all patients who received medical care in the period from March 2019 to March 2022 in the Department of Emergency Medicine. Information about their age, gender and diagnosis according to the ICD-10 classification was collected at the Department of Emergency Medicine of the Split-Dalmatia County. The analyzes were carried out through the medical program „e-Hitna“.
Results: The largest number of patients was present in the year before the COVID-19 pandemic. In relation to age and gender, the incidence is higher in the female population between the ages of 65 and 100. A greater number of patients who sought help in outpatient clinics during the three observed years was recorded, despite the greater number of requests for intervention by the emergency medicine team between the ages of 65 and 100. The incidence seen in relation to the months throughout the year shows an increase in diseases in the summer months, where we have the highest number of patients in August, and a slight increase is also recorded in the winter months (December, January), which is also a consequence of the influence of tourism.
Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a sharp drop in the number of patients. Along with the progress of the pandemic, the female population and the older age group continue to have prestige in the incidence of the disease. In contrast to the first observed year, which preceded the COVID-19 pandemic, in the second and third observed years, a higher percentage was spent on the interventions of the ZHM SDŽ team, compared to the number of patients in outpatient clinics. A comparison of the total number of patients with the number of M and H category patients in individual months indicates the influence of tourism on the very distribution of the incidence of diseases
Results of physiological parameters of cardioplumonal testing in the general population of Split-Dalmatia County
No full textSmanjeno podnošenje napora glavni je simptom bolesti srca i pluća. Kardiopulmonalni test opterećenjem (eng. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing) je zlatni standard u procjeni stupnja nepodnošenja napora, njegovom uzroku i simptomima kod pacijenata u različitim kliničkim stanjima. Vrijednost ove vrste testiranja leži u neivazivnom i dinamičkom fiziološkom pregledu koji omogućuje ocjenu odgovora srca, pluća i cirkulacije na jednako submaksimalan, ali i maksimalan napor, što liječniku pruža relevantne informacije za donošenje odluka u kliničkoj praksi. Cilj ovog rada je dobiti uvid u kardiorespiratornu, metaboličku i tjelesnu funkciju ispitanika opće populacije Splitsko-dalmatinske županije radi procjene statusa ispitanika. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 100 ispitanika različite životne dobi i spola, tjelesne težine i visine. Postavljene su tri hipoteze, prva hipoteza potvrđuje da je analiziranim podacima funkcionalna sposobnost ispitanika unutar preporučenih vrijednosti u odnosu na predviđene vrijednosti za dob, spol, tjelesnu visinu i težinu. Druga hipoteza je da je funkcionalna sposobnost ispitanika u odnosu na spol jednaka u svim analiziranim dobnim skupinama. Međutim, dobiveni rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da u procijenjenim dobnim skupinama bolju funkcionalnu-kardiorespiratornu sposobnost u većem broju parametara imaju ženski ispitanici u odnosu na muške ispitanike, te se ta hipoteza odbacuje. Treća postavljena hipoteza je da su izmjerene vrijednosti O2 pulsa (indikatora efikasnosti rada srca) jednake za ispitanike oba spola. Ispitivanjem je potvrđeno da su izmjerene vrijednosti O2 pulsa u svim dobnim skupinama više u ženskih ispitanika nego u muških ispitanika, te se treća hipoteza također odbacuje. Iako su rezultati istraživanja pokazali zadovoljavajuće parametre kardiorespiratrne sposobnosti za oba spola, svih dobnih skupina, preporuka je da se svi bez obzira na spol i dob potiču na održavanje zdravih životnih navika, osobito redovite aerobne fizičke aktivnosti, kao ključna stavka svih preporuka u održavanju zdravlja srca i krvnih žila.Reduced exertion is the main symptom of heart and lung disease. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (eng. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing) is the gold standard in assessing the degree of exercise intolerance, its cause and symptoms in patients in various clinical conditions. The value of this type of testing lies in the non-invasive and dynamic physiological examination that enables the evaluation of the response of the heart, lungs and circulation to both submaximal and maximal effort, which provides the doctor with relevant information for making decisions in clinical practice. The aim of this work is to gain an insight into the cardiorespiratory, metabolic and physical function of the subjects of the general population of the Split-Dalmatia County in order to assess the status of the subjects. A total of 100 respondents of different ages and genders, body weights and heights participated in the research. Three hypotheses were put forward, the first hypothesis confirms that, based on the analyzed data, the functional ability of the examinee is within the recommended values in relation to the predicted values for age, sex, body height and weight. The second hypothesis is that the functional ability of the respondents in relation to gender is the same in all analyzed age groups. However, the research results show that in the estimated age groups, female subjects have better functional-cardiorespiratory capacity in a greater number of parameters compared to male subjects, and this hypothesis is rejected. The third hypothesis is that the measured values of the O2 pulse (indicator of heart efficiency) are the same for subjects of both sexes. The examination confirmed that the measured values of the O2 pulse in all age groups are higher in female subjects than in male subjects, and the third hypothesis is also rejected. Although the research results showed satisfactory cardiorespiratory fitness parameters for both sexes, of all age groups, it is recommended that everyone, regardless of gender and age, be encouraged to maintain healthy lifestyle habits, especially regular aerobic physical activity, as a key item of all recommendations in maintaining heart health and blood vessel
Frequency of injuries and poisonings treated at Split-Dalmatia County's emergemcy department
No full textCilj: Cilj ovog rada je utvrditi učestalost ozljeda i trovanja liječenih u ZHM SDŽ, gledano kroz vremena prije pojave pandemije COVID-19, godine pandemije COVID-19 i vremena nakon okončanja pandemije COVID-19.
Materijali i metode: Ovo retrospektivno istraživanje obuhvaća sve pacijente koji su primali medicinsku skrb u razdoblju od ožujka 2019. do ožujka 2022. godine u Zavodu za hitnu medicinu. Informacije o njihovoj dobi, spolu i dijagnozi prema MKB-10 klasifikaciji prikupljene su u Zavodu za hitnu medicinu Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Analize su provedene putem medicinskog programa zavoda e-Hitna.
Rezultati: U vrijeme pandemije Covid-19 najmanji je broj prijavljeni intervencija u ZHM SDŽ, za razliku od vremena prije i poslije pandemije. Više od 60% u svim navedenim razdobljima su muškarci. Bolesnici su najčešće zatražili liječenje od ozljeda i trovanja u mjesecima lipanj, srpanj, kolovoz, rujan. Najveći broj zatraženih intervencija hitne medicinske pomoći je kod dobne skupine 0-19, zatim dobne skupine 65 i više godina. Veći broj pacijenata traži liječenje putem ambulante, dok kod starije populacije, odnosno umirovljenika u dobi od 65 i više godina, češće se obraćaju timovima za intervencije (TIM 1 ili TIM 2) u usporedbi s ambulantom.
Zaključci: Veći broj intervencija odvijao se u razdoblju prije nego u razdoblju s pandemijom COVID-19. Primijećena je značajna razlika u učestalosti dolazaka pacijenata tijekom ljetne sezone u svim razdobljima pandemije. Najčešće na liječenje dolazila je muška populacija ,a dobna skupina najzastupljenija su najmlađi od 0-19 godina.Objective: The aim of this work is to determine the frequency of injuries and poisonings treated at ZHM SDŽ, viewed through the time before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the time after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study includes all patients who received medical care in the period from March 2019 to March 2022 in the Department of Emergency Medicine. Information about their age, gender and diagnosis according to the ICD-10 classification was collected at the Department of Emergency Medicine of the Split-Dalmatia County. The analyzes were carried out through the. medical program e-Hitna.
Results: During the Covid-19 pandemic, the lowest number of reported interventions in ZHM SDŽ, in contrast to the time before and after the pandemic. More than 60% in all mentioned periods are men. Patients most often requested treatment for injuries and poisoning in the months of June, July, August, and September. The largest number of requested emergency medical interventions is for the age group 0-19, followed by the age group 65 and older. A greater number of patients seek treatment through an outpatient clinic, while the elderly population, that is, pensioners aged 65 and over, more often turn to intervention teams (TIM 1 or TIM 2) compared to the ambulance.
Conclusions: A greater number of interventions took place in the period before, than in the period with the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant difference was observed in the frequency of patient arrivals during the summer season in all periods of the pandemic. Most often, the male population came for treatment, and the age group most represented were the youngest 0-19 years old
Frequency of circulatory (vascular) system treated at Split-Dalmatia County's emergemcy department
No full textCilj: Cilj ovog rada je utvrditi učestalost cirkulacijskih (krvožilnih) bolesti liječenih u Zavodu za hitnu medicinu Splitsko-dalmatinske županije (ZHM SDŽ), gledano kroz vremena prije pojave pandemije COVID-19, godine COVID-19 pandemije i vremena nakon završetka pandemije COVID-19.
Materijali i metode: Ovo retrospektivno istraživanje obuhvaća sve pacijente koji su primali medicinsku skrb u razdoblju od ožujka 2019. do ožujka 2022. godine u Zavodu za hitnu medicinu. Informacije o njihovoj dobi, spolu i dijagnozi prema MKB-10 klasifikaciji prikupljene su u Zavodu za hitnu medicinu Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Analize su provedene putem medicinskog programa zavoda „e-Hitna“.
Rezultati: Najveći broj oboljelih prisutan je u godini prije COVID-19 pandemije. U odnosu na dob i spol, veća je incidencija prisutna kod ženske populacije životne dobi od 65 do 100 godina. Zabilježen je veći broj bolesnika koji su pomoć zatražili u ambulantama tijekom tri promatrane godine, usprkos većem broju zahtjeva za intervencijom tima hitne medicine u dobi od 65 do 100 godina. Incidencija gledana u odnosu na mjesece kroz godinu pokazuje porast oboljenja u ljetnim mjesecima, gdje ujedno u kolovozu imamo najveći broj oboljelih, a blagi porast bilježi se i u zimskim mjesecima (prosinac, siječanj), što je ujedno posljedica utjecaja turizma.
Zaključci: Za vrijeme COVID-19 pandemije dolazi do naglog pada broja oboljelih. Napretkom pandemije ženska populacija te starija životna dob i dalje imaju veću incidenciju oboljenja. U odnosu na prvu promatranu godinu, koja prethodi COVID-19 pandemiji, u drugoj i trećoj promatranoj godini veći postotak otpada na intervencije tima ZHM SDŽ, u odnosu na broj bolesnika u ambulantama. Usporedba ukupnog broja bolesnika, s brojem bolesnika M i H kategorije, kroz pojedine mjesece ukazuje na utjecaj turizma na sami raspored incidencije oboljenja.Objective: The aim of this thesis is to determine the frequency of diseases of the circulatory (blood vessel) system treated at ZHM SDŽ, viewed through the time before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the time after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study includes all patients who received medical care in the period from March 2019 to March 2022 in the Department of Emergency Medicine. Information about their age, gender and diagnosis according to the ICD-10 classification was collected at the Department of Emergency Medicine of the Split-Dalmatia County. The analyzes were carried out through the medical program „e-Hitna“.
Results: The largest number of patients was present in the year before the COVID-19 pandemic. In relation to age and gender, the incidence is higher in the female population between the ages of 65 and 100. A greater number of patients who sought help in outpatient clinics during the three observed years was recorded, despite the greater number of requests for intervention by the emergency medicine team between the ages of 65 and 100. The incidence seen in relation to the months throughout the year shows an increase in diseases in the summer months, where we have the highest number of patients in August, and a slight increase is also recorded in the winter months (December, January), which is also a consequence of the influence of tourism.
Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a sharp drop in the number of patients. Along with the progress of the pandemic, the female population and the older age group continue to have prestige in the incidence of the disease. In contrast to the first observed year, which preceded the COVID-19 pandemic, in the second and third observed years, a higher percentage was spent on the interventions of the ZHM SDŽ team, compared to the number of patients in outpatient clinics. A comparison of the total number of patients with the number of M and H category patients in individual months indicates the influence of tourism on the very distribution of the incidence of diseases
Results of physiological parameters of cardioplumonal testing in the general population of Split-Dalmatia County
No full textSmanjeno podnošenje napora glavni je simptom bolesti srca i pluća. Kardiopulmonalni test opterećenjem (eng. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing) je zlatni standard u procjeni stupnja nepodnošenja napora, njegovom uzroku i simptomima kod pacijenata u različitim kliničkim stanjima. Vrijednost ove vrste testiranja leži u neivazivnom i dinamičkom fiziološkom pregledu koji omogućuje ocjenu odgovora srca, pluća i cirkulacije na jednako submaksimalan, ali i maksimalan napor, što liječniku pruža relevantne informacije za donošenje odluka u kliničkoj praksi. Cilj ovog rada je dobiti uvid u kardiorespiratornu, metaboličku i tjelesnu funkciju ispitanika opće populacije Splitsko-dalmatinske županije radi procjene statusa ispitanika. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 100 ispitanika različite životne dobi i spola, tjelesne težine i visine. Postavljene su tri hipoteze, prva hipoteza potvrđuje da je analiziranim podacima funkcionalna sposobnost ispitanika unutar preporučenih vrijednosti u odnosu na predviđene vrijednosti za dob, spol, tjelesnu visinu i težinu. Druga hipoteza je da je funkcionalna sposobnost ispitanika u odnosu na spol jednaka u svim analiziranim dobnim skupinama. Međutim, dobiveni rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da u procijenjenim dobnim skupinama bolju funkcionalnu-kardiorespiratornu sposobnost u većem broju parametara imaju ženski ispitanici u odnosu na muške ispitanike, te se ta hipoteza odbacuje. Treća postavljena hipoteza je da su izmjerene vrijednosti O2 pulsa (indikatora efikasnosti rada srca) jednake za ispitanike oba spola. Ispitivanjem je potvrđeno da su izmjerene vrijednosti O2 pulsa u svim dobnim skupinama više u ženskih ispitanika nego u muških ispitanika, te se treća hipoteza također odbacuje. Iako su rezultati istraživanja pokazali zadovoljavajuće parametre kardiorespiratrne sposobnosti za oba spola, svih dobnih skupina, preporuka je da se svi bez obzira na spol i dob potiču na održavanje zdravih životnih navika, osobito redovite aerobne fizičke aktivnosti, kao ključna stavka svih preporuka u održavanju zdravlja srca i krvnih žila.Reduced exertion is the main symptom of heart and lung disease. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (eng. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing) is the gold standard in assessing the degree of exercise intolerance, its cause and symptoms in patients in various clinical conditions. The value of this type of testing lies in the non-invasive and dynamic physiological examination that enables the evaluation of the response of the heart, lungs and circulation to both submaximal and maximal effort, which provides the doctor with relevant information for making decisions in clinical practice. The aim of this work is to gain an insight into the cardiorespiratory, metabolic and physical function of the subjects of the general population of the Split-Dalmatia County in order to assess the status of the subjects. A total of 100 respondents of different ages and genders, body weights and heights participated in the research. Three hypotheses were put forward, the first hypothesis confirms that, based on the analyzed data, the functional ability of the examinee is within the recommended values in relation to the predicted values for age, sex, body height and weight. The second hypothesis is that the functional ability of the respondents in relation to gender is the same in all analyzed age groups. However, the research results show that in the estimated age groups, female subjects have better functional-cardiorespiratory capacity in a greater number of parameters compared to male subjects, and this hypothesis is rejected. The third hypothesis is that the measured values of the O2 pulse (indicator of heart efficiency) are the same for subjects of both sexes. The examination confirmed that the measured values of the O2 pulse in all age groups are higher in female subjects than in male subjects, and the third hypothesis is also rejected. Although the research results showed satisfactory cardiorespiratory fitness parameters for both sexes, of all age groups, it is recommended that everyone, regardless of gender and age, be encouraged to maintain healthy lifestyle habits, especially regular aerobic physical activity, as a key item of all recommendations in maintaining heart health and blood vessel
The nurse's activities and role in stroke education for patients and families
No full textMoždani udar ili cerebrovaskularni inzult je akutno oštećenje cerebralne perfuzije ili vaskulature. Otprilike 85% moždanih udara je ishemijski, a ostali su hemoragijski. U posljednjih nekoliko desetljeća učestalost moždanog udara i smrtnost se smanjuje. Moždani udar je vodeći uzrok invaliditeta odraslih u cijelom svijetu. Stoga je ključno rano prepoznati moždani udar i brzo ga liječiti kako bi se spriječio ili smanjio morbiditet i smrtnost. Mnogo je uzroka moždanog udara. Hipertenzija je vodeći uzrok ishemijskog moždanog udara. U mlađoj populaciji postoje brojni uzroci moždanog udara uključujući poremećaje zgrušavanja, disekciju karotida i zlouporabu nedopuštenih psihoaktivnih tvari. U akutnom stanju potrebno je obaviti brzu anamnezu i pregled. Aktivnosti i uloga medicinske sestre u edukaciji obitelji i pacijenta nakon moždanog udara igraju ključnu ulogu u olakšavanju procesa oporavka i prilagodbe. Medicinska sestra ima važan zadatak pružiti podršku i informacije kako bi pacijentima i njihovim obiteljima omogućila bolje razumijevanje stanja, simptoma i tretmana. Kroz individualizirani pristup, medicinska sestra educira o tehnikama njege, vježbama, prehrani i lijekovima, osnažujući ih da preuzmu aktivnu ulogu u procesu oporavka. Osim toga, uloga medicinske sestre u komunikaciji s multidisciplinarnim timom i prilagodbi plana skrbi osigurava holistički i personalizirani pristup, unaprjeđujući kvalitetu života pacijenata nakon moždanog udara.A stroke or cerebrovascular insult is an acute impairment of cerebral perfusion or vasculature. Approximately 85% of strokes are ischemic and the rest are hemorrhagic. In the last few decades, the frequency of stroke and mortality has been decreasing. Stroke is the leading cause of disability in adults worldwide. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize stroke early and treat it quickly to prevent or reduce morbidity and mortality. There are many causes of stroke. Hypertension is the leading cause of ischemic stroke. In the younger population, there are numerous causes of stroke including clotting disorders, carotid dissection, and abuse of illicit psychoactive substances. In an acute condition, it is necessary to take a quick history and examination. The activities and role of the nurse in the education of the family and the patient after a stroke play a key role in facilitating the process of recovery and adaptation. The nurse has the important task of providing support and information to enable patients and their families to better understand their condition, symptoms and treatment. Through an individualized approach, the nurse educates about care techniques, exercise, diet and medication, empowering them to take an active role in the recovery process. In addition, the nurse's role in communicating with the multidisciplinary team and adjusting the care plan ensures a holistic and personalized approach, improving the quality of life of patients after stroke
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