1,720,954 research outputs found
Polyphenol content and in vitro evaluation of antioxidant, antimicrobial and prebiotic properties of red fruit extracts
No full textA diet rich in fruit provides nutrients that are vital for human health. In particular, the anthocyanins contained in fruit have received attention due to their health-promoting properties and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. In this study, total phenolic, anthocyanin, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity were determined in extracts from plum skins, Italian red grape skins, and different parts of elderberry. Furthermore, it was analysed the activity of the fruit extracts in inhibiting several pathogens and in stimulating the growth of three probiotic strains and one blend SYNBIO®. All extracts show a good content of anthocyanins, exhibited high antioxidant activity and significantly inhibited the pathogens tested. The extracts had no inhibitory activity on the probiotic strains, but rather, they stimulated the growth of all the probiotics. In order to test the potential prebiotic properties of these anthocyanin-rich red fruit extracts, the kinetic growth of all probiotics was monitored, and it was found that probiotics in presence of elderberry and plum extracts had a significant increase in mean doubling time. The combined formulation of elderberry extracts and each of the four probiotics showed higher antioxidant activity compared to that of the extract alone, indicating the ability of probiotics to increase the antioxidant activity of the elderberry extracts. The fruit extracts used in this study can be considered beneficial for human health, due to their high content of polyphenols, particularly anthocyanins. Based on their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, these fruit extracts can be considered good candidates for designing new functional foods and beverages, as well as nutraceuticals. Moreover, the ability of the fruit extracts to stimulate the growth of the probiotics merits further study to ascertain whether they can be defined as prebiotics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Determinazione del contenuto totale di polifenoli e valutazione in vitro dell'attività antiossidante, antimicrobica e prebiotica di estratti vegetali
Full text linkRazionale dello studio. I polifenoli sono componenti essenziali della frutta con elevate attività biologiche (antiossidante, antinfiammatoria e antimicrobica) e proprietà salutari.
Metodi. ll contenuto totale di antociani, di fenoli e di flavonoidi è stato determinato in estratti di prugne, uva e bacche di sambuco utilizzando rispettivamente i metodi del pH differenziale, Folin-Ciocalteu e colorimetrico. lnoltre, è stata valutata l'attività antiossidante e quella inibente o stimolante degli estratti su microrganismi patogeni e probiotici (Synbiotec Srl).
Risultati. Lo studio ha rilevato un alto contenuto di antociani (355,4+51 1,7mg/l) negli estratti della buccia e polpa delle bacche di sambuco e della buccia d'uva. ll contenuto totale di flavonoidi e fenoli risulta più elevato nell'estratto della buccia delle bacche di sambuco (66,8 e 125,6p9/ml). lnoltre, quest'ultimo e l'estratto d'uva mostrano un'attività antiossidante del 90% di inibizione di DPPH. Tutti gli estratti inibiscono significativamente i patogeni testati (zona inibizione tra 7,5 e 19,3mm), dati confermati dai valori delle MlC, mentre non hanno attività inibente sui ceppi probiotici, ma ne stimolano la crescita.
Conclusioni. Gli estratti testati hanno una concentrazione di polifenoli, in particolare antociani, tale da poter essere considerati efficaci per la salute. Per la loro attività antiossidante, antimicrobica e prebiotica questi estratti vegetali possono essere considerati componenti bioattivi utili per la produzione di nuovi alimenti funzionali e prodotti nutraceutici benefici per la salute
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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