1,354,863 research outputs found
INTERIOR WOR(L)DS (vol. 2)
No full textThe traditional idea of Interior Architecture as design of home spaces has now become old-fashioned. Interior Architecture is increasingly adapting to the needs of contemporary society where spatial typologies are getting more and more hybrid.
The book contains a series of reflections of new approaches to interior architecture and the key words that govern it
The quantitative analysis of OH in vesuvianite: a polarized FTIR and SIMS study
No full textA well-characterized suite of vesuvianite samples from the volcanic ejecta (skarn or syenites) from Latium (Italy) was studied by single-crystal, polarized radiation, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and secondary-ion mass-spectrometry (SIMS). OH-stretching FTIR spectra consist of a rather well-defined triplet of broad bands at higher-frequency (3,700-3,300 cm(-1)) and a very broad composite absorption below 3,300 cm(-1). Measurements with E//c or E perpendicular to c show that all bands are strongly polarized with maximum absorption for E//c. They are in agreement with previous band assignments (Groat et al. Can Mineral 33:609, 1995) to the two O(11)-H(1) and O(10)H(2) groups in the structure. Pleochroic measurements with changing direction of the E vector of the incident radiation show that the orientation of the 0(11)-H(l) dipole is OH(boolean AND)c similar to 35 degrees, in excellent agreement with the neutron data of Lager et al. (Can Mineral 37:763, 1999). A SIMS-based calibration curve at similar to 10% rel. accuracy has been worked out and used as reference for the quantitative analysis of H(2)O in vesuvianite by FTIR. Based on previous SIMS results for silicate minerals (Ottolini and Hawthorne in J Anal At Spectrom 16:1266, 2001; Ottolim et al. in Am Mineral 87:1477, 2002) the SiO(2) and FeO content of the matrix were assumed as the major factors to be considered at a first approximation in the selection of the standards for H. The lack of vesuvianite standards for quantitative SIMS analysis of H(2)O has been here overcome by selecting low-silica elbaite crystals (Ottolini et al. in Am Mineral 87:1477, 2002). The resulting integrated molar absorption FTIR coefficient for vesuvianite is epsilon(i) = 100.000 +/- 2.000 l mol(-1) cm(-2). SIMS data for Li, B, F, Sr, Y, Be, Ba REE, U and Th are also provided in the paper
Temporary Set-ups for Recovering Built Heritage: a ''Pre-action''
No full textL’abbandono dei borghi antichi e la riduzione del senso di comunità che li caratterizzava, rendono urgente ripensare forme e pratiche che possano riaccendere l’interesse verso i luoghi stessi, il loro patrimonio edificato e la loro possibile riattivazione. Discipline come l’allestimento e l’arte ambientale, che si occupano di creare installazioni sperimentali e temporanee nell’ambiente costruito, risultano essere di grande interesse per il ruolo che potrebbero assumere in questa direzione. La realizzazione di piccole architetture o di installazioni artistiche effimere è, per sua natura, un’azione “leggera”, di costo contenuto e reversibile. Rappresenta, quindi, una modalità d’intervento più facilmente perseguibile e realizzabile rispetto ad un consueto processo di pianificazione e recupero. Si potrebbe definire, in un’unica parola, una “pre-azione”. Una pre-azione che ha come scopo quello di riportare all’attenzione un’urgenza più ampia, che richiede interventi più lunghi e complessi. Negli ultimi anni, sia in ambito nazionale che internazionale, le azioni temporanee sul patrimonio storico costruito, degradato o in abbandono, si stanno ampiamente diffondendo. L’obiettivo di questo contributo è quello di individuarne i tratti comuni, le eventuali criticità e gli esiti, ai fini di delineare dei possibili scenari in cui l’azione temporanea possa essere strumento utile di azione preliminare e di sensibilizzazione sui temi di valorizzazione e recupero architettonico e ambientale. Temporary Set-ups for Recovering Built Heritage: a "Pre-action"The abandonment of ancient villages and the reduction of the sense of community that characterized them, makes it urgent to rethink forms and practices that can reignite the interest in the places themselves, their built heritage and their possible reactivation. Disciplines such as exhibition setting up and environmental art, which deal with the creation of experimental and temporary installations in the existing environment, turn out to be of great interest for the role they could play in this direction. The creation of small architectures or short-duration artistic installations is, by its nature, a “light” action, of low cost and reversible. For this reason, it represents a way of intervention mode that is easier to put into practice and achieve than a usual process of re-planning and recovery. We could say, in a single word a “pre-action”. A pre-action with the intent of bringing back to attention a wider urgency needing longer and more complex intervention. In recent years, both in Italy and abroad, temporary actions on degraded or abandoned historic heritage are becoming more and more widespread. This testifies to the effectiveness that the surprise that temporary action produces, is able to reach an increasing number of people and increase their awareness of the themes of architectural and environmental valorisation and recovery. The aim of this intervention is to illustrate some recent experiences carried out in abandoned environments, identify their common features, any critical issues and outcomes, with the purpose of outlining possible scenarios.The abandonment of ancient villages and the reduction of the sense of community that characterized them, makes it urgent to rethink forms and practices that can reignite the interest in the places themselves, their built heritage and their possible reactivation. Disciplines such as exhibition setting up and environmental art, which deal with the creation of experimental and temporary installations in the existing environment, turn out to be of great interest for the role they could play in this direction. The creation of small architectures or short-duration artistic installations is, by its nature, a “light” action, of low cost and reversible. For this reason, it represents a way of intervention mode that is easier to put into practice and achieve than a usual process of re-planning and recovery. We could say, in a single word a “pre-action”. A pre-action with the intent of bringing back to attention a wider urgency needing longer and more complex intervention. In recent years, both in Italy and abroad, temporary actions on degraded or abandoned historic heritage are becoming more and more widespread. This testifies to the effectiveness that the surprise that temporary action produces, is able to reach an increasing number of people and increase their awareness of the themes of architectural and environmental valorisation and recovery. The aim of this intervention is to illustrate some recent experiences carried out in abandoned environments, identify their common features, any critical issues and outcomes, with the purpose of outlining possible scenarios in which temporary action can be a useful tool for preliminary action on built heritage. Allestimenti temporanei per il recupero: una “pre-azione” L’abbandono dei borghi antichi e la riduzione del senso di comunità che li caratterizzava, rendono urgente ripensare forme e pratiche che possano riaccendere l’interesse verso i luoghi stessi, il loro patrimonio edificato e la loro possibile riattivazione. Discipline come l’allestimento e l’arte ambientale, che si occupano di creare installazioni sperimentali e temporanee nell’ambiente costruito, risultano essere di grande interesse per il ruolo che potrebbero assumere in questa direzione. La realizzazione di piccole architetture o di installazioni artistiche effimere è, per sua natura, un’azione “leggera”, di costo contenuto e reversibile. Rappresenta, quindi, una modalità d’intervento più facilmente perseguibile e realizzabile rispetto ad un consueto processo di pianificazione e recupero. Si potrebbe definire, in un’unica parola, una “pre-azione”. Una pre-azione che ha come scopo quello di riportare all’attenzione un’urgenza più ampia, che richiede interventi più lunghi e complessi. Negli ultimi anni, sia in ambito nazionale che internazionale, le azioni temporanee sul patrimonio storico costruito, degradato o in abbandono, si stanno ampiamente diffondendo. L’obiettivo di questo contributo è quello di individuarne i tratti comuni, le eventuali criticità e gli esiti, ai fini di delineare dei possibili scenari in cui l’azione temporanea possa essere strumento utile di azione preliminare e di sensibilizzazione sui temi di valorizzazione e recupero architettonico e ambientale
On point interactions realised as Ter-Martyrosyan-Skornyakov operators
No full textFor quantum systems of zero-range interaction we discuss the mathematical scheme within which modelling the two-body interaction by means of the physically relevant ultra-violet asymptotics known as the "Ter-Martirosyan-Skornyakov condition" gives rise to a self-adjoint realisation of the corresponding Hamiltonian. This is done within the self-adjoint extension scheme of Krein, Visik, and Birman. We show that the Ter-Martirosyan-Skornyakov asymptotics is a condition of self-adjointness only when is imposed in suitable functional spaces, and not just as a pointwise asymptotics, and we discuss the consequences of this fact on a model of two identical fermions and a third particle of different nature
Fractional powers and singular perturbations of quantum differential Hamiltonians
No full textWe consider the fractional powers of singular (point-like) perturbations of the Laplacian and the singular perturbations of fractional powers of the Laplacian, and we compare two such constructions focusing on their perturbative structure for resolvents and on the local singularity structure of their domains. In application to the linear and non-linear Schrodinger equations for the corresponding operators, we outline a programme of relevant questions that deserve being investigated. Published by AIP Publishing
L’Ex-Arsenale militare dell’Arcipelago de la Maddalena: Proposta di riuso e di strategie progettuali per il patrimonio militare. Ex-military Arsenal of La Maddalena Archipelago: Proposal of reuse and of design strategies for the military heritage
No full textThe complex of Marinarsen former Military Arsenal, located in La Maddalena Island along the East side of the original military settlement, was born in 1895. Its more recent history sees first the disposal and, in the 2007, the retraining and reuse in order to host the G8 International Summit. In 2009, at almost complete reconstruction, at the cost of about 200 million euro, the G8 Summit is moved to L'Aquila so the facilities entrust to MITA Resort in order to convert it into an extra luxury tourist receptive pole (this operation was unrealized). At the present, the seabed’s failure reclamation and the related court cases do not allow the effective use and leave these facilities in a serious state of disrepair, totally unused. So the Ex-Military Arsenal reflects, in its present neglected state and the contemporary infinite opportunities, an identity’s liminality stage (suspended among a renewed ecological feeling, the development of tourism and the downsizing of military role) with which the whole Archipelago is facing today. The study have conduct to a design proposal of identity declination consistent with the limits that a territory so vital and at the same time fragile imposes and focuses on the reuse of 2 buildings of the complex: the Pavilion of the Sea/ex Carbonaia and the House of the Sea of architect Stefano Boeri. The confrontation with the site have driven to a reflection on the role of architecture and planning and on the limits of the desire to define absolute and unambiguous solutions, as opposed to adapting the project to a system of temporal reality that cannot be uniquely defined but accompanyed in its continuous evolution
An (EMPA+SIMS) investigation of silicate inclusions in Troodos chromitites
No full textSilicate inclusions (< 10 μm size) in Troodos ophiolite chromites were studied for the first time in terms of major, minor and Rare Earth Elements to investigate magmatic processes that lead to chromitite crystallization. The study was focused on silicate inclusions detected in chromite grains of chromitite pods in the enveloping dunite, and their mineral chemistry was compared with that of host peridotite phases.
Samples were collected at Mount Olympus where lherzolite hosts dunite lenses that envelope chromitite pods, lenses and irregular layers.
On the basis of textural and geochemical evidences two types of inclusions within chromite grains have been outlined:
i) Primary inclusions within chromite in chromitites and dunites. They are mainly monophasic (diopside, olivine, or Na-Ca amphibole), rarely biphasic and comprise diopside and Na-Ca amphibole or diopside and olivine. They mainly occur at the core of host grain, and are characterized by regular rims and negative crystal shapes.
ii) Secondary inclusions, characterized by irregular shapes, containing amphibole. They are richer in Mg, Ca and Cr than the primary inclusions or serpentine, and mainly occur close to chromite rims, connected to interstitial silicate matrix by fractures.
Na-Ca amphibole was found only in chromitites. Diopside is Cr-rich and shows 23-25 wt% CaO; 0.5-1.8 wt% Cr2O3; 16.9-17.8 wt% MgO, and 0.7-1.8 wt% FeO. Olivine has 3.5-4.2 wt% FeO; 51.7-52.4 wt% MgO. Na-Ca amphibole has Al2O3 ranging from 5 to 9.30 wt%, Cr2O3 from 1.50 to 3.30, MgO from 21 to 23 wt%, CaO from 6 to12 wt% and NaO from 3 to 5.7 wt%.
In partially serpentinized dunite enveloping chromitites, primary silicate inclusions show diopside with lower CaO content (21.6-23.5 wt%) and slightly higher FeO (1.5-2.0 wt%); olivine with lower MgO (around 50 wt%) and higher FeO (around 6.1 wt%).
Compared with that in inclusions, diopside in lherzolite is lower in Cr2O3 (between 0.3 and 0.6 wt%) and shows a much wider FeO range (between 0.7 and 3.9 wt%). Olivine in lherzolite occurs as fresh crystals with 12.2-14.3 wt% FeO. Plagioclase, occuring as late impregnation, has anortitic composition showing CaO contents between 18 and 18.5 wt%.
REE data obtained with the Cameca IMS 4f ion microprobe (CNR-IGG, Pavia) following an optimized analytical procedure (see Spengler et al. 2006, for details) were collected on diopside in chromite from chromitite, on enveloping dunite and in lherzolite. Total REE content (in ppm) is similar in lherzolite (REEtot=2.79-3.21) and dunite (REEtot=2.63-2.71), higher in chromitite (REEtot=6.55-13.03) and much higher in dunite close to chromitite (REEtot=16.15-23.41). Lherzolite shows a strong LREE-depletion, with (La/Yb)N=0.040-0.052. This depletion decreases moving towards dunite and chromitite, with (La/Yb)N=0.19-0.20 in dunites, (La/Yb)N=0.29-0.40 in dunites close to chromitites where (La/Yb)N=0.11-0.78.
LREE depletion in diopside from lherzolites suggests that lherzolites underwent a melting event. On the other hand the presence of primary amphibole only in inclusions suggests that a fluid-rich melt played an important role in chromitite crystallization.
Finally, the contrasting REE behaviour of dunite suggest that primary restitic dunites coexist with metasomatic dunites. We make the hypothesis that a melting event that depleted lherzolite diopside in LREE and formed restitic dunites was followed by the income of a fluid-rich melt responsible for the formation of REE-rich chromitite and secondary dunite.
Spengler D., Van Roermund H.L.M., Drury M.R, Ottolini L., Mason P.R.D., Davies G.R.: Deep origin and hot melting of an Archaean orogenic peridotite massif in Norway. Nature, 440, (13 April Issue), (2006), 913-917.
Silicate inclusions (< 10 μm size) in Troodos ophiolite chromites were studied for the first time in terms of major, minor and Rare Earth Elements to investigate magmatic processes that lead to chromitite crystallization. The study was focused on silicate inclusions detected in chromite grains of chromitite pods in the enveloping dunite, and their mineral chemistry was compared with that of host peridotite phases.
Samples were collected at Mount Olympus where lherzolite hosts dunite lenses that envelope chromitite pods, lenses and irregular layers.
On the basis of textural and geochemical evidences two types of inclusions within chromite grains have been outlined:
i) Primary inclusions within chromite in chromitites and dunites. They are mainly monophasic (diopside, olivine, or Na-Ca amphibole), rarely biphasic and comprise diopside and Na-Ca amphibole or diopside and olivine. They mainly occur at the core of host grain, and are characterized by regular rims and negative crystal shapes.
ii) Secondary inclusions, characterized by irregular shapes, containing amphibole. They are richer in Mg, Ca and Cr than the primary inclusions or serpentine, and mainly occur close to chromite rims, connected to interstitial silicate matrix by fractures.
Na-Ca amphibole was found only in chromitites. Diopside is Cr-rich and shows 23-25 wt% CaO; 0.5-1.8 wt% Cr2O3; 16.9-17.8 wt% MgO, and 0.7-1.8 wt% FeO. Olivine has 3.5-4.2 wt% FeO; 51.7-52.4 wt% MgO. Na-Ca amphibole has Al2O3 ranging from 5 to 9.30 wt%, Cr2O3 from 1.50 to 3.30, MgO from 21 to 23 wt%, CaO from 6 to12 wt% and NaO from 3 to 5.7 wt%.
In partially serpentinized dunite enveloping chromitites, primary silicate inclusions show diopside with lower CaO content (21.6-23.5 wt%) and slightly higher FeO (1.5-2.0 wt%); olivine with lower MgO (around 50 wt%) and higher FeO (around 6.1 wt%).
Compared with that in inclusions, diopside in lherzolite is lower in Cr2O3 (between 0.3 and 0.6 wt%) and shows a much wider FeO range (between 0.7 and 3.9 wt%). Olivine in lherzolite occurs as fresh crystals with 12.2-14.3 wt% FeO. Plagioclase, occuring as late impregnation, has anortitic composition showing CaO contents between 18 and 18.5 wt%.
REE data obtained with the Cameca IMS 4f ion microprobe (CNR-IGG, Pavia) following an optimized analytical procedure (see Spengler et al. 2006, for details) were collected on diopside in chromite from chromitite, on enveloping dunite and in lherzolite. Total REE content (in ppm) is similar in lherzolite (REEtot=2.79-3.21) and dunite (REEtot=2.63-2.71), higher in chromitite (REEtot=6.55-13.03) and much higher in dunite close to chromitite (REEtot=16.15-23.41). Lherzolite shows a strong LREE-depletion, with (La/Yb)N=0.040-0.052. This depletion decreases moving towards dunite and chromitite, with (La/Yb)N=0.19-0.20 in dunites, (La/Yb)N=0.29-0.40 in dunites close to chromitites where (La/Yb)N=0.11-0.78.
LREE depletion in diopside from lherzolites suggests that lherzolites underwent a melting event. On the other hand the presence of primary amphibole only in inclusions suggests that a fluid-rich melt played an important role in chromitite crystallization.
Finally, the contrasting REE behaviour of dunite suggest that primary restitic dunites coexist with metasomatic dunites. We make the hypothesis that a melting event that depleted lherzolite diopside in LREE and formed restitic dunites was followed by the income of a fluid-rich melt responsible for the formation of REE-rich chromitite and secondary dunite.
Spengler D., Van Roermund H.L.M., Drury M.R, Ottolini L., Mason P.R.D., Davies G.R.: Deep origin and hot melting of an Archaean orogenic peridotite massif in Norway. Nature, 440, (13 April Issue), (2006), 913-917
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