1,720,964 research outputs found
Interval sentinel lymph nodes in melanoma: a digital pathology analysis of Ki67 expression and microvascular density
No full textThe presence of interval sentinel lymph nodes
in melanoma is documented in several studies, but controversies
still exist about the management of these lymph
nodes. In this study, an immunohistochemical evaluation
of tumor cell proliferation and neo-angiogenesis has been
performed with the aim of establishing a correlation
between these two parameters between positive and
negative interval sentinel lymph nodes. This retrospective
study reviewed data of 23 patients diagnosed with melanoma.
Bioptic specimens of interval sentinel lymph node
were retrieved, and immunohistochemical reactions on
tissue sections were performed using Ki67 as a marker of
proliferation and CD31 as a blood vessel marker for the
study of angiogenesis. The entire stained tissue sections
for each case were digitized using Aperio Scanscope Cs
whole-slide scanning platform and stored as high-resolution
images. Image analysis was carried out on three
selected fields of equal area using IHC Nuclear and Microvessel analysis algorithms to determine positive
Ki67 nuclei and vessel number. Patients were divided into
positive and negative interval sentinel lymph node groups,
and the positive interval sentinel lymph node group was
further divided into interval positive with micrometastasis
and interval positive with macrometastasis subgroups.
The analysis revealed a significant difference between
positive and negative interval sentinel lymph nodes in the
percentage of Ki67-positive nuclei and mean vessel
number suggestive of an increased cellular proliferation
and angiogenesis in positive interval sentinel lymph
nodes. Further analysis in the interval positive lymph
node group showed a significant difference between
micro- and macrometastasis subgroups in the percentage
of Ki67-positive nuclei and mean vessel number. Percentage
of Ki67-positive nuclei was increased in the
macrometastasis subgroup, while mean vessel number
was increased in the micrometastasis subgroup. The
results of this study suggest that the correlation between
tumor cell proliferation and neo-angiogenesis in interval
sentinel lymph nodes in melanoma could be used as a
good predictive marker to distinguish interval positive
sentinel lymph nodes with micrometastasis from interval
positive lymph nodes with macrometastasis subgroups
T cells, mast cells and microvascular density in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Full text linkDiffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is recognized as the most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), accounting for about 40 % of all cases of NHL. Among the cellular components of the tumor inflammatory infiltrate, T cells and mast cells have been demonstrated to be correlated with tumor angiogenesis. In this report, we have investigated CD3 and tryptase expression and their relationship with microvascular density (MVD) in DLBCL patients. Moreover, we determined the significance of CD3 expression in bulky and non-bulky disease. CD3 expression was significantly lower in bulky disease patients when compared to non-bulky ones. CD3 showed a positive correlation with tryptase and MVD, while multiple regression analysis efficaciously predicted MVD depending on CD3 and tryptase as predictors, supporting a complex interplay between these cells in sustaining tumor angiogenesis in DLBCL patients.Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is recognized as the most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), accounting for about 40 % of all cases of NHL. Among the cellular components of the tumor inflammatory infiltrate, T cells and mast cells have been demonstrated to be correlated with tumor angiogenesis. In this report, we have investigated CD3 and tryptase expression and their relationship with microvascular density (MVD) in DLBCL patients. Moreover, we determined the significance of CD3 expression in bulky and non-bulky disease. CD3 expression was significantly lower in bulky disease patients when compared to non-bulky ones. CD3 showed a positive correlation with tryptase and MVD, while multiple regression analysis efficaciously predicted MVD depending on CD3 and tryptase as predictors, supporting a complex interplay between these cells in sustaining tumor angiogenesis in DLBCL patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Everolimus restrains the paracrine pro-osteoclast activity of breast cancer cells
Full text linkBackground: Breast cancer (BC) cells secrete soluble factors that accelerate osteoclast (OC) differentiation, leading
to the formation of osteolytic bone metastases. In the BOLERO-2 trial, BC patients with bone involvement who
received Everolimus had a delayed tumor progression in the skeleton as a result of direct OC suppression through
the inhibition of mTOR, in addition to the general suppressor effect on the cancer cells. Here, we explored the
effect of Everolimus, as mTOR inhibitor, on the pro-OC paracrine activity of BC cells.
Methods: Both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 BC cell lines were incubated with sub-lethal amounts of Everolimus, and
their conditioned supernatants were assessed for their capacity to differentiate OCs from PBMC from healthy
donors, as well as to interfere with their bone resorbing activity shown on calcium phosphate slices. We also
measured the mRNA levels of major pro-OC factors in Everolimus-treated BC cells and their secreted levels by
ELISA, and evaluated by immunoblotting the phosphorylation of transcription factors enrolled by pathways
cooperating with the mTOR inhibition. Finally, the in vivo pro-OC activity of these cells was assessed in SCID
mice after intra-tibial injections.
Results: We found that Everolimus significantly inhibited the differentiation of OCs and their in vitro bone-resorbing
activity, and also found decreases of both mRNA and secreted pro-OC factors such as M-CSF, IL-6, and IL-1β, whose
lower ELISA levels paralleled the defective phosphorylation of NFkB pathway effectors. Moreover, when intra-tibially
injected in SCID mice, Everolimus-treated BC cells produced smaller bone metastases than the untreated cells.
Conclusions: mTOR inhibition in BC cells leads to a suppression of their paracrine pro-OC activity by interfering
with the NFkB pathway; this effect may also account for the delayed progression of bone metastatic disease
observed in the BOLERO-2 trial.
Keywords: BOLERO-2 trial, Breast cancer cells, mTOR, Osteoclastogenesis, Everolimu
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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