1,720,956 research outputs found
Insight in persons with schizophrenia: effects of switching from conventional neuroleptics to atypical antipsychotics
No full textRole of lormetazepam in the treatment of insomnia in the elderly.
No full textBackground and objective: Sleep architecture changes with age, both in terms of efficiency and total duration of sleep,. Hypnotic benzodiazepines promote rapid onset of sleep uninterrupted sleep and longer duratio of sleep in the absence of carryover sedation the following morning; therefore, these may be appropriate for use in older patients. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lormetazepan in eldelrly patients with primary insomnia when used in association with sleep hygiene training (SHT). The impact of restored sleep on daily sleepiness was also investigated.
Patients and methods: In this open-label study, 30 elderly outpatiens with insomnia were randomised to receive 2 weeks of treatment with of tmttmeat with lormetazepan 0.5 mg + SHT or SHT alone, followed by a 1-week observation period. Details on sleep latency, number of awakenings and freshness of awakening of were recorded by patients in a daily sleep diary. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) were used to measure daily sleepiness.
Results: Addition of lormetazepan to SHT improved all sleep parameters measured compared with SHT alone. Mean duration of sleep improved significantly from baseline (mean rank = 1.00) in the lormetazepan + SHT group after 2 weeks of treatment (mean rank = 2.87; Friedmann test = 27.448; p<0.001), but declined significantly in the group receiving SHT alone (from mean rank 2.33 to 1.57; Friedmann test = 6.465; p<0.05). Mean duration of sleep increased by approximately 150 minutes each night in the lormetazepan + SHT group but decreased by more than 30 minutes in the SHT-only group. Improvement in sleep quality from baseline was statistically significant only in the lormetazepan + SHT group: for both deepness of sleep and the perception of awakening refreshed, mean scores increased from approximately 3 at baseline to approximately 8 (on a scale of 1-10) after 2 weeks in this group. Sleep latency also decreased significantly in the lormetazepan + SHT group: after 2 weeks, on average patients were awakening less than once per night. SSS and ESS scores also improved significantly in the lormetazepan + SHT group; in contrast, in the SHT-only group, the mean ESS score worsened significantly from baseline and the mean SSS score remained relatively constant. No rebound insomnia was reported during follow-up in patients in the lormetazepan group. Vital signs did not change from baseline and no adverse events were reported for either group.
Conclusions: Management of insomnia in the elderly appears to have a better outcome when pharmacotherapy is combined with SHT rather than SHT alone. The earlier improvement in sleep quality with lormetazepan when used in combination with sleep training programme may help to maintain adherence to treatment
Effectiveness of telecare in elderly populations-a comparison of three settings.
No full textThe primary aim of this study was to assess the level of satisfaction with 3 types of formal care systems of the elderly: (1) a day care center, (2) a nursing home, and (3) telecare service in a group of oldest frail elderly, and to describe the characteristics of the population using the services. The study involved a population of 162 oldest elderly using 3 different types of formal care services. Study participants were asked to complete a questionnaire, investigating socio-demographic characteristics and degree of overall satisfaction with the service, as well as eliciting possible suggestions for improvement. In our study, nearly all subjects using the telecare service were satisfied or very satisfied (98.5%), as compared to 75.3% of those residing in a nursing home, and 76.5% of those attending the day care center. This result confirms the findings of previous studies on elderly subjects satisfaction with telecare services. Telecare, therefore, seems to be the service achieving
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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