1,721,067 research outputs found
Immune and reproductive system impairment in adult sea urchin exposed to nanosized ZnO via food
No full textIn marine environment the release and the consequent sedimentation of ZnO NPs, mainly used in sunscreens, could provoke toxic effects in particular in grazer organisms, like sea urchins. In this work, a first evaluation of DNA and cellular effects on adult sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus exposed through the diet to different sizes (100 and 14 nm) ZnO NPs, was performed. Moreover, the consequent impact upon offspring quality was evaluated. Preliminarily results showed that the assumption of food containing ZnO NPs 100 nm provoked in adult echinoids damages to immune cells (33% of damaged nucleus) and transmissible effects to offspring (75.5% of malformed larvae). Instead food with ZnO NPs 14 nm provoked 64% of damaged nucleus in immune cells and 84.7% of malformed larvae. © 2017 Elsevier B.V
Premessa
No full textL’Università degli Studi di Perugia, durante il periodo della pandemia da Covid-19 ha attivato il Gruppo di lavoro “Unipg post-Covid”, oggi reso permanente con il nome Gruppo di lavoro “Brainstorming Unipg”, per promuovere un’ampia riflessione su possibili modi di pensare il “dopo”. L’intento è stato quello di indivi¬duare soluzioni, proposte operative, ripensamenti degli stili di vita e di lavoro, ricollocazioni delle professionalità, ridefinizioni degli spa¬zi, dei luoghi, delle forme di esistenza e di convivenza, del concetto di salute. Gli oltre duecento colleghi che hanno partecipato a questa inedita “festa delle idee”, si sono immaginati verso un futuro prossimo in cui le istituzioni e più in generale le persone, avranno bisogno di prati¬care una gestione calibrata e progressiva delle forme economiche e della socialità, delle attività e delle sensibilità umane, in relazione con caratteristiche ambientali profondamente mutate
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Nanoparticles based sunscreens provoke adverse effects on marine microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta
No full textSunscreens represent one of the main sources of engineered TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in coastal ecosystems, especially during the summer period. To understand the effective environmental impact of NPs in commercial sunscreens, this study assesses the effect of TiO2 and ZnO NPs extracted from three commercial products (S2; S10; S11) upon marine microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta by evaluating its growth inhibition, oxidative stress and DNA damage. Algae were exposed to both the sunscreen formulations containing NPs and a sunscreen without NPs. Results showed that algae growth inhibition was affected by the extracted NPs (EC20 S2: 9.2 mg Ti L−1; EC20 S10: 0.49 mg Ti L−1; EC20 S11: 14 mg Ti L−1), and the algae was generally biostimulated by the sunscreen formulations, due to the presence of other components that could enhance algal growth. Among the sunscreens containing NPs, relevant effects, mainly as ROS production and DNA damage, were evidenced when both TiO2 and Zn were present (S10; S11). Moreover, lower effects were always observed for the sunscreens and the corresponding extracts, compared to the effects of industrial NPs. These findings suggest that the product formulation may mitigate toxic effects of NPs either by direct modification of properties or by providing organic and inorganic nutrients that biostimulate microalgae growth. The NPs extracted from sunscreens showed responses that cannot be predicted solely from the response of industrial nanoparticles, suggesting that the aging in sunscreens can influence the final toxicity of nanoparticles. In conclusion, the adverse effects of sunscreens upon microalgae could not be solely attributed to the NPs, but also to the combined action of multiple components. © The Royal Society of Chemistry
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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