1,720,972 research outputs found
Exchange Rate Pass-Through: A Case Study of a Small Open Economy
No full textThe exchange rate pass-through for Nigeria imports is estimated by applying an econometric procedure to sectoral data which avoids the pit-falls in previous studies. We use the mark-up approach, which implies setting export prices as a mark-up on production costs. So, the price facing importers is the exchange rate adjusted production costs where mark-up depends on the competitive pressures in the import's market and the nominal exchange rate. Our results indicate incomplete pass-through at varying degrees across sectors, which implies that the foreign exporters passed on only part of the increase in their costs of production to import prices. Also, it reveals that the effort of the Nigerian government in encouraging companies to use local inputs where possible instead of relying on imported intermediate inputs is gradually yielding positive results. Important policy implications that follow from our results of incomplete pass-through to domestic prices could influence CBN forecasts of future path of inflation, a key element in the conduct of monetary policy. Indeed, the successful implementation of monetary policy presupposes that CBN has not only a good understanding of inflation dynamics but is also relatively successful at predicting the future path of inflation. Also, our results imply that the exchange rate policy may be a blunt instrument when used to restore external balance since relative price adjustments will be limited. Furthermore, the incomplete pass-through suggests that exchange rate changes are likely to lead to smaller real effects on the economy through lower changes in both the terms of trade and import volumes and finally, the extent of inflation (deflation) effects of exchange rate depreciation (appreciation) operating through changes in the prices of imported goods will be moderated.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Export Instability and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Time Series Analysis
No full textPrimary products and commodities are sources of raw material, and provide food and
livelihood for many families and communities. They also provide export earnings and
income for many governments in developing countries. In Nigeria, and other sub-Saharan
Africa countries, primary products and commodities are at the heart of local economies
and sometimes national economies. However, over the years, prices of primary products
and commodities have been very volatile, with serious implications for economic growth.
As a response, this study investigates the impact of export instability on economic
growth in Nigeria using time series data from 1970q1 to 2011q4 and an econometric
approach that addresses the problem of non-stationarity. As a departure from previous
studies, the paper uses an instability measure that varies over time and a relatively
large data sample size. Our results show that export instability has negative effects on
economic growth and investment.
The policy recommendation is that to smoothen Nigeria’s financial standing in the
short run, the government should ensure the national sovereign wealth fund (NSWF) is
properly managed given the unpredictability of the global export market. A long term
strategy is the continuation and intensification of government efforts to diversify the
export base of the country. The export sub-sector should be diversified by increasing
the share of non-traditional exports
Impact of Remittances on Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya
Get PDFThe literature has presented opposing findings on the impact of remittances on economic growth thereby creating a research gap to be filled. In this study, the impact of remittances on economic growth of Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya for the period 1990 to 2020 has been explored. The methodology of the research follows the panel autoregressive distributed lag model and the causality test. Findings of the study revealed that there is a long-run relationship between remittances and economic growth in Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya. Meanwhile, the result indicated that remittance has a negative but insignificant effect on economic growth both in the short-run and in the long-run; while the Pairwise (Stacked) Granger Causality Tests and Pairwise Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Causality Tests results indicated that there is no causality between remittances and economic growth. The policy implications for Nigeria, Ghana, and Kenya might be that it is critical not just to attract more remittances, but also to give additional incentives for these inflows to be spent on productive investments that contribute to economic growth. Key Words: Remittances; Foreign Direct Investment; Economic Growth; Consumption; Investment. JEL Classification: E21; E22; F22; F24; F43; O47 DOI: 10.7176/JESD/15-3-04 Publication date: February 28th 202
Does Saving Really Matter For Growth In Developing Countries? The Case Of A Small Open Economy
Get PDFThe study employed the Toda and Yamamoto (1995) and Dolado and Lutkepohl (1996) –TYDL methodology to uncover the direction of causal relationship between savings and economic growth in Nigeria between 1970 and 2006. The empirical results suggest that savings and economic growth are positively cointegrated, indicating a stable long-run equilibrium relationship. Further, the findings revealed a unidirectional causality between savings and economic growth and the complementary role of FDI in growth
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