1,428 research outputs found
Population genetic structure of Sorex unguiculatus and Sorex caecutiens (Soricidae, Mammalia) in Hokkaido, based on microsatellite DNA polymorphism
No full textWe investigated the genetic structure of Sorex unguiculatus and Sorex caecutiens populations in Hokkaido, Japan, using hypervariable microsatellite DNA markers. We used five microsatellite loci to type 475 S. unguiculatus individuals from 20 localities on the Hokkaido mainland and four localities from each of four offshore islands (and 11 shrews from one locality in southern Sakhalin for a particular analysis). We used six microsatellite loci to type 240 S. caecutiens individuals from 13 localities on the Hokkaido mainland. Genetic variation was high in mainland populations of both species and low in the island populations of S. unguiculatus. Allelic richness and island size were positively correlated for S. unguiculatus, suggesting that genetic drift occurred on those islands due to small population size. In addition, four insular populations of S. unguiculatus were genetically differentiated from the mainland populations, although clear phylogeographic clustering was not confirmed among populations on the Hokkaido mainland for either S. unguiculatus or S. caecutiens. Heterozygosity excess was observed in more than half of the populations including the mainland populations of the two species, suggesting recent bottleneck events in these populations. Population dynamics of the shrews might be explained by a metapopulation scheme. According to autocorrelation analysis, the extent of non-random spatial genetic structure was approximately 100 km. Isolation by distance was observed in S. unguiculatus, but not in S. caecutiens although there is a positive trend. The lack of correlation for S. caecutiens might have been due to small sample size. Thus, no obvious differences in population genetic structure were found between the two species on the Hokkaido mainland in the present study, while previous investigations using mitochondrial DNA sequences inferred that these two species might have rather different biogeographic histories
Growth, Metamorphosis, and Gape-limited Cannibalism and Predation on Tadpoles in Larvae of Salamanders Hynobius retardatus
No full textVolume: 11Start Page: 127End Page: 13
New type of wavelet-based spectral analysis by which modes with different toroidal mode number are separated
No full textA new type of wavelet-based analysis for the magnetic fluctuations by which toroidal mode number can be resolved is proposed. By using a wavelet, having a different phase toroidally, a spectrogram with a specific toroidal mode number can be obtained. When this analysis is applied to the measurement of the fluctuations observed in the large helical device, MHD activities having similar frequency in the laboratory frame can be separated from the difference of the toroidal mode number. It is useful for the non-stationary MHD activity. This method is usable when the toroidal magnetic probes are not symmetrically distributed.journal articl
A successful model of regional healthcare information exchange in Japan: Case Study in Kagawa Prefecture
No full textIn this study, we focused on analysis of healthcare data exchange over the network. For the advance of broadband capability development, many governments expect online medical information exchange between medical institutions. Japanese government also has tried to deploy ICT in the healthcare field. In Japan, many healthcare ICT projects started, but almost of all the projects face many issues and failed to continue. This situation caused us to clarify the success factor of healthcare information exchange network. For inspecting the success factors, we analyzed information access of healthcare systems in Kagawa prefecture of Japan. Kagawa prefecture is one of the most advance areas for healthcare information technology. We analyzed four medical ICT projects in Kagawa prefecture: K-MIX, Critical Pathway for Diabetes, E-prescription, and PHR. In addition, we inspected characteristics of exchanged data in the network, and stakeholder involved in these projects. This analysis lets us find various types of healthcare ICT projects. Characteristic of data processed in the projects caused differences of characteristic of the projects. On the other hand, multiple systems process same data, though the project does not share the data itself. Considering various types of medical information exchanges projects, we propose classification and standard format of exchanged data according to their characteristic are critical for efficient business deployment. --e-Health,regional healthcare information exchange,EHR
Analysis for science librarians of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: the life and work of William C. Campbell, Satoshi Ōmura, and Youyou Tu
No full textParasites affect humans worldwide with varying degrees of seriousness. Some of the most impactful parasitic infections affect millions of people, many of whom are already impoverished and struggling. The discoveries of the 2015 Nobel Laureates in Physiology of Medicine have changed the way some of these serious parasitic infections are treated, saving and improving the lives of countless people. These Laureates are William C. Campbell, Satoshi Ōmura, and Youyou Tu
Tunnel system made by the long-clawed shrew in a laboratory condition
No full textTunnel construction by captive long-clawed shrews (Sorex unguiculatus) was investigated in an experimental cage designed for the observation of subterranean activity. Five subadult individuals were observed constructing tunnel systems in the experimental cage, but one newborn individual could not make a complex system. The tunnel system consisted of two parts: the main burrows at a depth of approximately 20-30 cm from the ground surface and surface runways at a depth of 3-7 cm. In a tunnel system, there were 2-4 permanent vertical passages with entrances to the ground surface and 3-5 blind chambers and burrows. To complete the tunnel system construction, a shrew usually spent 5-6 days. Two types of digging were recognized: (1) digging surface runways and short vertical passages and (2) digging deep tunnels
Hybridization between native white-spotted charr and nonnative brook trout in the upper Sorachi River, Hokkaido, Japan
No full textInvasion status and impacts of nonnative brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in a Hokkaido stream were investigated with field surveys and genetic analyses. Nonnative brook trout was detected in nine (41 %) of the 22 sampled reaches in three tributaries of the Sorachi River, Hokkaido, Japan. Based on the external pigmentation, twelve putative hybrids between brook trout and native white-spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis) were collected in two reaches. Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA data established that 58% of these hybrids were firstgeneration (F1) progenies between male brook trout and female white-spotted charr. Our results suggest potential negative impacts of nonnative brook trout on native charr populations in Hokkaido through interspecific interactions
Laboratory experiments on spatial use and aggression in three sympatric species of shrew in Hokkaido, Japan
No full textVolume: 22Start Page: 11End Page: 2
Growth, Metamorphosis, and Gape-limited Cannibalism and Predation on Tadpoles in Larvae of Salamanders Hynobius retardatus
No full text- …
