1,720,959 research outputs found
Human Capital Development and Poverty Alleviation in Nigeria: : Evidence from ARDLModel
No full textTheoretical and empirical research has emphasized that education is the most powerful instrument for developing and empowering citizens to master their social, cultural environment and compete for survival. However, most of the developing economies, although conscious of the transformation, that education brings, are yet to reap its full potential. A recent statistic on the multidimensional poverty index in Nigeria coordinated by the National Bureau of Statistics (2022) indicates that 63% of persons living in Nigeria (133 million people) are multidimensionally poor. Furthermore, the incidence of monetary poverty is lower than the incidence of multidimensional poverty across most states. The 2018/19 national monetary poverty line indicates that 40.1% of people are poor. Over time, different governments in Nigeria have adopted programmes and policies to address the challenge of poverty in Nigeria, some of which are based on the empowerment of youths and women, among others. Also, education at the primary level in most states in Nigeria is financed by the government. This study ascertains whether human capital development can alleviate the poverty level of Nigerians using data that spans from 1985-2020. The autoregressive distributed lag model was employed. It was found that a long-run relationship exists between human capital development and poverty in Nigeria. In the short run, government spending on health, consumer price index, final consumption expenditure and employed persons determine poverty headcount in Nigeria. Even though findings indicate significant relationships between key variables, the study recommends the urgent need to ensure that economic growth is inclusive and sustainable in Nigeria. This can be enhanced through increased public and private sector investment in education and health. 
Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in Nigeria: : A Causality Test Approach
No full textDespite the important role of electricity in the growth process of an economy, deficiencies abound in the Nigeria electricity sectors which constitute a major concern. The study therefore examines the link between electricity consumption and economic growth in Nigeria collated within the period 1981-2019. Other cofounding variables included in the study are gross capital formation, labour force and government consumption expenditure. We used a vector autoregressive based on the Toda-Yamamoto approach to provide the framework for empirical analysis. The causality test result shows that a causal link runs from economic growth to electricity consumption but not the other way around. In terms of relative importance, the result shows that capital stock is more important in the economic growth process than electricity consumption. In summary, long-run causality runs from economic growth to electricity consumption thus confirming the conservation hypothesis for Nigeria. Going by the results, reducing distribution and transmission losses can improve electricity conservation in Nigeria. 
The Effectiveness of Agricultural Sector in Reducing Unemployment in Nigeria: .
No full textThis study examined the effectiveness of agricultural sector output in reducing unemployment in Nigeria using time series data from 1980-2018. Agricultural sector output was disaggregated to crop, fishery, forestry and livestock to examine the sector that contributes more to employment generation in Nigeria. The study analysed data using vector error correction granger causality/block exogeneity Wald tests to understand the direction of causality among variables. Although, trend analysis shows that crop subsector contributes more to output, causality could not be established for each of the subsectors. The study recommends policy measures that would make agriculture more attractive to the teaming youthful population, facilitate domestic consumption of agricultural produce rather than exporting raw products and importing finished goods.  
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effect of Institutions on Health Outcomes in Nigeria
No full textThis research study investigates the effect of institutions on health outcomes in Nigeria between 1984 and 2020. Two measures of health outcomes used are life expectancy and infant mortality. Using the ARDL bound estimator, this study found that institutions negatively influenced life expectancy both in short run and long run. Thus, the negative influence was only significant statistically in the short run. It means that weak institutional settings do not have the impetus to improve the expected average number of years an individual lives after birth. Also, institutional framework has no significant effect on infant mortality both in short run and long run. On the policy front, proper governance and institutional handling must be maintained to ensure appropriate and efficient use of public sector health funds, as well as accountability and transparency to ensure improve life expectancy and curtail infant mortality
Estimating the Environmental Factors of Gender Disparity in Child Mortality in Nigeria: What Role Does Indoor Air Pollution Play?
Get PDFIndoor air pollution, stemming from traditional and transitional energy sources for cooking and lighting, poses a significant threat in developing countries. Particularly concerning is its impact on child morbidity and mortality, with 1 in 4 deaths of children under five attributed to environmental factors. This study, using the 2013 Demographic and Health Survey in Nigeria, explores the gender-specific environmental effects on child mortality. Contrary to the belief that girls may have higher immunity, the research employs a logit regression estimator and reveals that both male and female children face mortality risks from traditional and transitional cooking methods. Female children, in particular, exhibit higher mortality risks from traditional energy sources, while outcomes for transitional energy are mixed for both genders. Overall, females face a greater risk of mortality due to indoor air pollution from biomass cooking smoke. The multivariable analysis indicates an 81% increased risk of under-5 mortality for girls using traditional fuels, compared to a 62% increased risk for boys. To mitigate these risks, the study recommends adopting modern energy sources, such as liquefied petroleum gas, and raising awareness about the health hazards associated with traditional and transitional energies. Additionally, factors like education, wealth, breastfeeding, and postnatal check-ups are identified as mitigating factors, while a mother’s age, employment, and location amplify the risk of child mortality
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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