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Experimental microsurgical gastrocystoplasty A Campodonico F, Michelazzi A, Medica M, Simonato A, Ognio E, Sanguineti M, Giglio M, Germinale F, Carmignani G. Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2000 Jun;52(2):81-6., 2001
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Methylation of the IL-12Rbeta2 gene as a novel tumor escape mechanism for pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leucemia cells
No full textBladder cell culture on small intestinal submucosa as bioscaffold: Experimental study on engineered urothelial grafts
No full textObjectives: To investigate the feasibility to perform primary urothelial cell culture using porcine small intestinal submucosa as a delivery scaffold both in vitro and after in vivo implantation in a rabbit model. Materials and methods: Bladder mucosa samples were aseptically obtained from a group of eight male rabbits. The mucosa was cut into fragments and placed on small intestinal submucosa matrices for selective urothelial cell culture. After complete in vitro epithelization the matrices were shaped into tubes and placed in the subcutaneous tissue and subdartos of donor rabbits. The pattern of cell growth and delivery was evaluated on retrieved grafts using histology and immunostaining at the end of the in vitro phase; then 5, 10 and 20 days after implantation. Results: Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the in vitro primary culture showed the acellular matrices covered with a thin uninterrupted monolayer of urothelial cells. The implants examined on the day 5 mantained the epithelial configuration of the cultured grafts in all samples retrieved. On the day 10 the urothelium showed increased thickness taking on a bilayer configuration. On day 20, all grafts presented the transitional cells arranged in a double layer closely resembling the natural urothelium. The immunostaining pattern displayed the mantaining of urothelial cell phenotype. No differences in epithelium growth and delivery were noted between the two sites of implantation. Five days after implantation, the histological analysis of small intestinal submucosa showed a medium degree tissue reaction with the presence of acute inflammatory cells. Angiogenesis was demonstrated by the development of several new vessels inside the matrix. After twenty days, small intestinal submucosa was gradually replaced with host tissue. Conclusion: The small intestinal submucosa proved to function as a means of delivering of autologous urothelial cells cultured in vitro. After ectopic in vivo implantation the bioscaffold maintained viability and growth of the surrounding cells until its degradation
Study of feasibility of the treatment with procainamide hydrochloride and cisplatin in pregnant mice
No full textCisplatin is one of the most widely utilized anticancer drugs; nevertheless its use is often hampered by the onset of serious side effects. In spite of its tight binding to DNA, great teratogenic effects do not characterize cisplatin, although its embryolethal and growth retardation activities are quite remarkable. On the basis of our previous observations, demonstrating the usefulness of procainamide hydrochloride for the protection against cisplatin toxic effects in adult mice and rats, we now analyze the feasibility of the combined treatment with cisplatin and the antiarrhythmic drug procainamide hydrochloride in pregnant mice and the possible protective action of procainamide against the embryotoxic activity of cisplatin.
Our data, obtained in CD-1 dams after treatment with 8 or 12 mg/kg cisplatin ip, with or without 50 mg/kg procainamide hydrochlo- ride iv, confirm the embryotoxic effects of cisplatin. We also demonstrate that procainamide may be administered with cisplatin without causing an increase in its embryotoxic effects, but slightly improving some embryotoxicity parameters in living embryos such as the fetal weight, the percentage of fetuses with skeletal anomalies, and the number of ossification centres. The mechanism of action of this partially protective activity seems to be linked in part to the lower cisplatin accumulation in fetal tissue, probably due to an interaction of drugs at the level of placenta, in part to the protection of procainamide against maternal toxicity of cisplatin.
A relevant result of this research is the suggestion that procainamide hydrochloride might be administered in case of pregnancy to protect against the maternal toxic effects of cisplatin without an increased embryotoxic/teratogenic risk for the offspring
Methylation of the IL-12Rbeta2 gene as novel tumor escape mechanism for pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
No full textPrevious studies have shown that the interleukin-12 receptor β2 (IL-12Rβ2) gene is expressed in normal naive, germinal center and memory B cells but not in their malignant counterparts. The aim of this study was to investigate (i) whether the IL-12Rβ2 gene is silenced in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) cells, and (ii) what the functional implications of such silencing for tumor growth are. Here, we show that although mature B cells expressed both chains of the IL-12R, normal pro-B and pre-B cells failed to express the IL-12Rβ2 chain. Similarly, primary tumor cells from pediatric pro-B, early pre-B, and pre-B ALL (30 cases) did not express the IL-12Rβ2 chain. IL-12Rβ2 gene silencing in B-ALL was found to depend on methylation of a CpG island in exon 1. Such methylation was not detected in normal early B cells that when differentiated into mature B cells expressed the IL-12Rβ2 gene. Detection of IL-12Rβ2 mRNA and protein in the tumorigenic 697 pre-B-ALL cell line allowed to perform functional experiments in severe combined immunodeficient/nonobese diabetic mice receiving 697 cells with or without human recombinant IL-12 (hrIL-12). hrIL-12 administration reduced tumor growth and metastasis through antiproliferative and proapoptotic rather than antiangiogenic, activities.
In conclusion, epigenetic silencing of the IL-12Rβ2 gene represents a novel mechanism of tumor escape for B-ALL cell
Methylation of the IL-12Rbeta2 gene as a novel tumor escape mechanism for pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leucemia cells.
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