2,256,191 research outputs found
OECD Wirtschaftsberichte: Deutschland 2014
No full textAlle anderthalb bis zwei Jahre unternimmt die OECD eine umfassende Analyse der Volkswirtschaften ihrer Mitgliedsländer und einiger größerer Drittstaaten. Die Wirtschaftsberichte entstehen im Rahmen einer Peer Review und enthalten Empfehlungen, die den Konsens aller 34 OECD-Mitglieder spiegeln. Der vorliegende Bericht thematisiert mögliche Reformen Deutschlands beim Steuersystem, im Dienstleistungs- und Finanzsektor sowie auf dem Bildungs- und Arbeitsmarkt
Guidance Document on the Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera L.) Brood test Under Semi-field Conditions, Second Edition
Full text linkSince 2012, the Julius Kuehn Institute represented by Dr. Jens Pistorius participated in the improvement of the test methods described in the OECD Guidance Document No. 75 (Guidance Document on the Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera L.) Brood test Under Semi-field Conditions) and was involved in related publications (e.g. DOI (10.5073/jka.2012.437.033)). In 2021, the Institute for Bee Protection represented by Jakob H. Eckert took over the role as lead expert and represented Germany as lead country during the official OECD revision process of the Guidance Document. This Guidance Document describes the main features of a semi-field test method for the quantitative assessment of adverse effects of pesticides and other chemicals on honey bee brood development under more realistic exposure conditions and application procedures that are used for laboratory-based studies. This version is the second edition of the Guidance Document, initially published by the OECD in 2012, and has been enhanced and improved based on experience gained from using the test method. The project was on the Test Guidelines Programme work plan until 2024
Pensions at a glance 2015: OECD and G20 indicators
No full textThe 10-year anniversary edition of Pensions at a Glance highlights the pension reforms undertaken by OECD and G20 countries over the last two years. Two special chapters provide deeper analysis of first-tier pension schemes and of the impact of short or interrupted careers, due to late entry into employment, childcare or unemployment, on pension entitlements. Another chapter analyses the sensitivity of long-term pension replacement rates on various parameters. A range of indicators for comparing pension policies and their outcomes between OECD and G20 countries is also provided
OECD Principles for Integrity in Public Procurement
No full textThe OECD Principles for Integrity in Public Procurement are a ground-breaking instrument that promotes good governance in the entire procurement cycle, from needs assessment to contract management. Based on acknowledged good practices in OECD and non-member countries, they represent a significant step forward. They provide guidance for the implementation of international legal instruments developed within the framework of the OECD, as well as other organisations such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organisation and the European Union. In addition to the Principles, this exhaustive publication includes a Checklist for implementing the framework throughout the entire public procurement cycle. It also gives a comprehensive map of risks that can help auditors prevent as well as detect fraud and corruption. Finally, it features a useful case study on Morocco, where a pilot application of the Principles was carried out. The Checklist will help governments and agencies to develop more transparent, efficient procurement systems -Nicolas Raigorodsky, Under-secretary of Transparency Policies, Anticorruption Office, Argentina Public procurement is one of the most important public governance issues. Action is needed to ensure integrity by reducing bribery and corruption -Business and Industry Advisory Committee to the OECD The general thrust and content of the document is commendable. Much of it tracks very closely to the United Nations Convention Against Corruption and the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Model Law -Stuart Gilman, Head of the UN Global Programme Against Corruption and the Anticorruption Unit, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Table of Content : Executive Summary PART I. PRINCIPLES FOR ENHANCING INTEGRITY IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT Introduction Chapter 1. Transparency -Principle 1 -Principle 2 Chapter 2. Good Management -Principle 3 -Principle 4 Chapter 3. Prevention of Misconduct, Compliance and Monitoring -Principle 5 -Principle 6 -Principle 7 Chapter 4. Accountability and Control -Principle 8 -Principle 9 -Principle 10 PART II. IMPLEMENTING THE PRINCIPLES Chapter 1. Enhancing Integrity at Each Stage of the Procurement Cycle -1. Pre-tendering phase -2. Tendering phase -3. Post-tendering phase Chapter 2. Risk Mapping: Understanding Risks of Fraud and Corruption in the Public Procurement Cycle -1. Risks in the Need Assessment -2. Risks in the Planning -3. Risks in Relation to the Selection Method -4. Risks during the Management of the Contract Chapter 3. A Pilot Application of the Principles in Morocco -Introduction -1. Overview of the 2007 Decree on Public Procurement -2. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Public Procurement System -3. Policy Recommendations: How to Improve the System Annex A. OECD Recommendation on Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement Annex B. The Multi-Disciplinary Approach of the OECD in Procurement Annex C. The Consultation on the Principles and Checklist with Stakeholders Glossary138 hlm.; 23 cm
The effects of fiscal consolidation in the OECD
Full text linkDespite the current recession in many parts of the OECD, fiscal consolidation is likely in many OECD economies in the 1990s. The author asks: is fiscal consolidation in the OECD in a period of low growth a recipe for global stagnation? In particular, what effects are likely in developing countries? The author starts with an overview of cuts in the U.S. fiscal deficit proposed by the Clinton administration and the extent to which European governments must cut fiscal deficits between now and 1997 to satisfy deficit targets in the Maastricht Treaty. How changes in fiscal policy are transmitted within an economy and between that economy and the rest of the world depends on whether those changes lead to permanent or temporary changes in government saving; whether they are implemented through government spending or taxes; and whether the taxes fall on households or firms. The main channels of transmission are through changes in: agents'expectations about future taxes, interest rates, exchange rates, and economic activity. The author uses the MSG2 multicountry models to quantify the ramifications of those changes. He concludes, among other things, that fiscal contraction in the OECD will probably lead to slower growth over the next several years. But the current and likely paths of fiscal policy are such that deficit reduction programs may have stimulating effect in the short run, as long as future fiscal contraction is credible. And fiscal deficit reduction will probably increase long-run output in the OECD through its effects on savings and investment. Finally, growth in the developing countries (at least total growth) may not be impaired at all by fiscal consolidationin the OECD. The negative effects of fiscal contraction will occur through lower net exports of non-OECD economies. For developing countries with open capital markets, the initial reduction in demand through lower exports can be offset by the reduction in interest rates following an inflow of capital from the countries with contracting fiscal policy. A significant decline in real global interest rates is likely to increase growth in developing countries that are debt-constrained, either directly (through private capital inflows) or indirectly (by relaxing the balance of payments constraint, allowing more resources to be channeled to domestic investment needs).Economic Theory&Research,Economic Stabilization,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Macroeconomic Management
The OECD Budgeting Database
No full textThe following series of tables contain information on parliamentary budget procedures in OECD Member countries. They were compiled from information submitted by Member countries to the OECD Secretariat. Note that per cent totals at the bottom of each table may not add up to 100% due to rounding, and in a few circumstances when multiple answers are allowed.
OECD Submission to the Irish National Minimum Wage Commission
No full textThis submission provides a brief factual survey of statutory minimum wage systems in OECD countries (Section B) as well as a summary of recommendations concerning minimum wages which have been presented in the OECD Jobs Study and recent OECD Economic Surveys (Section C). This is followed by a discussion of the factors which should be considered when reviewing the likely effects of statutory minimum wages on employment and unemployment (Section D), and on low pay and poverty (Section E). It is based on recent empirical evidence from OECD countries and, whenever possible, discusses the relevance of the different factors characterising minimum wages for the Irish context. The need for further research is discussed in Section F. B. Minimum-wage systems in OECD countries The description of minimum-wage systems in this section has been derived from a number of sources, including national submissions in response to an OECD questionnaire. However, it should be noted that the ...
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