1,720,976 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
How I treat recurrent pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG): a Europe-wide survey study
No full textAbstract Purpose As there is no standard of care treatment for recurrent/progressing pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG), we aimed to gain an overview of different treatment strategies. Methods In a web-based questionnaire, members of the SIOPE-BTG and the GPOH were surveyed on therapeutic options in four case scenarios (children/adolescents with recurrent/progressing HGG). Results 139 clinicians with experience in pediatric neuro-oncology from 22 European countries participated in the survey. Most respondents preferred further oncological treatment in three out of four cases and chose palliative care in one case with marked symptoms. Depending on the case, 8–92% would initiate a re-resection (preferably hemispheric pHGG), combined with molecular diagnostics. Throughout all case scenarios, 55–77% recommended (re-)irradiation, preferably local radiotherapy > 20 Gy. Most respondents would participate in clinical trials and use targeted therapy (79–99%), depending on molecular genetic findings ( BRAF alterations: BRAF/MEK inhibitor, 64–88%; EGFR overexpression: anti-EGFR treatment, 46%; CDKN2A deletion: CDK inhibitor, 18%; S MARCB1 deletion: EZH2 inhibitor, 12%). 31–72% would administer chemotherapy (CCNU, 17%; PCV, 8%; temozolomide, 19%; oral etoposide/trofosfamide, 8%), and 20–69% proposed immunotherapy (checkpoint inhibitors, 30%; tumor vaccines, 16%). Depending on the individual case, respondents would also include bevacizumab (6–18%), HDAC inhibitors (4–15%), tumor-treating fields (1–26%), and intraventricular chemotherapy (4–24%). Conclusion In each case, experts would combine conventional multimodal treatment concepts, including re-irradiation, with targeted therapy based on molecular genetic findings. International cooperative trials combining a (chemo-)therapy backbone with targeted therapy approaches for defined subgroups may help to gain valid clinical data and improve treatment in pediatric patients with recurrent/progressing HGG.Styrian Childhood Cancer FoundationMedical University of Graz 50110001010
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Gliomatosis cerebri in children: A poor prognostic phenotype of diffuse gliomas with a distinct molecular profile
No full textAbstract Background The term Gliomatosis cerebri (GC), a radiology-defined highly infiltrating diffuse glioma, has been abandoned since molecular GC-associated features have not been established yet. Methods We conducted a multinational retrospective study of 104 children and adolescents with GC providing comprehensive clinical and (epi-)genetic characterization. Results Median overall survival (OS) was 15.5 months (interquartile range, 10.9–27.7) with a 2-years survival rate of 28%. Histopathological grading correlated significantly with median OS: CNS WHO grade II: 47.8 months (25.2–55.7); grade III: 15.9 months (11.4–26.3); grade IV: 10.4 months (8.8–14.4). By DNA methylation profiling (n=49), most tumors were classified as pediatric-type diffuse high-grade glioma (pedHGG), H3-/IDH-wildtype (n=31/49, 63.3%) with enriched subclasses pedHGG_RTK2 (n=19), pedHGG_A/B (n=6), and pedHGG_MYCN (n=5), but only one pedHGG_RTK1 case. Within the pedHGG, H3-/IDH-wildtype subgroup, recurrent alterations in EGFR (n=10) and BCOR (n=9) were identified. Additionally, we observed structural aberrations in chromosome 6 in 16/49 tumors (32.7%) across tumor types. In the pedHGG, H3-/IDH-wildtype subgroup TP53 alterations had a significant negative effect on OS. Conclusion Contrary to previous studies, our representative pediatric GC study provides evidence that GC has a strong predilection to arise on the background of specific molecular features (especially pedHGG_RTK2, pedHGG_A/B, EGFR and BCOR mutations, chromosome 6 rearrangements)
MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, and PMS2 immunohistochemistry as highly sensitive screening method for DNA mismatch repair deficiency syndromes in pediatric high-grade glioma
No full textAbstract Pediatric high-grade glioma (pedHGG) can occur as first manifestation of cancer predisposition syndromes resulting from pathogenic germline variants in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes MSH2 , MSH6 , MLH1 , and PMS2 . The aim of this study was to establish a generalized screening for Lynch syndrome and constitutional MMR deficiency (CMMRD) in pedHGG patients, as the detection of MMR deficiencies (MMRD) may enable the upfront therapeutic use of checkpoint inhibitors and identification of variant carriers in the patients’ families. We prospectively enrolled 155 centrally reviewed primary pedHGG patients for MMR-immunohistochemistry (IHC) as part of the HIT-HGG-2013 trial protocol. MMR-IHC results were subsequently compared to independently collected germline sequencing data (whole exome sequencing or pan-cancer DNA panel next-generation sequencing) available in the HIT-HGG-2013, INFORM, and MNP2.0 trials. MMR-IHC could be successfully performed in 127/155 tumor tissues. The screening identified all present cases with Lynch syndrome or CMMRD (5.5%). In addition, MMR-IHC also detected cases with exclusive somatic MMR gene alterations (2.3%), including MSH2 hypermethylation as an alternative epigenetic silencing mechanism. Most of the identified pedHGG MMRD patients had no family history of MMRD, and thus, they represented index patients in their families. Cases with regular protein expression in MMR-IHC never showed evidence for MMRD in DNA sequencing. In conclusion, MMR-IHC presents a cost-effective, relatively widely available, and fast screening method for germline MMRD in pedHGG with high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (96%). Given the relatively high prevalence of previously undetected MMRD cases among pedHGG patients, we strongly recommend incorporating MMR-IHC into routine diagnostics.Niedersächsische Krebsgesellschaft e.V. 501100011835Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, GermanyGerman Federal Ministry of Education and ResearchDeutsche Kinderkrebsstiftung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007311Universitätsklinikum Bon
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